东盟外国直接投资的新趋势

20世纪90年代以来,东盟外国直接投资(FD I)流入量呈现持续波动的状态。90年代中期前,东盟一直是发展中国家吸引FD I最多的地区之一,在全球FD I流入总量中的份额呈持续上升的趋势。随后,金融危机的爆发、世界经济形势的恶化以及全球FD I竞争的加剧,对东盟国家吸引FD I带来了严重     

外国对日本直接投资新动向及其原因分析

近年来外国对日本的直接投资不仅在规模上出现了新的高潮,而且在投资的手段和领域上也有了新的变化。这说明,日本经济虽尚未摆脱“平成不景气”,但它对外国资本仍充满魅力,并且为外资的进入提供了不少有利条件;经济全球化日益发展也必然对此产生一定的影响。     

The Political Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Firm-Level Analysis

Many large-N cross-national studies claim to show that political institutions and phenomena determine where foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. In this article, I argue that these studies tend to overemphasize statistical significance and often neglect to assess the explanatory or predictive power of their theories. To illustrate the problem, I estimate variations of a statistical model published in an influential article on “Political Risk, Institutions, and FDI.” I find that none of the political variables that the authors consider accounts for much of the variation in aggregate FDI inflows. To ensure that this underwhelming result is not driven by misspecification or measurement error, I leverage a large firm-level data set on the investment location decisions of thousands of multinational firms. Using nonparametric machine-learning techniques and out-of-sample tests, I show that gravity variables can help us develop very accurate expectations about firm behavior but that none of the 31 “political determinants” of FDI that I consider can do much to improve our expectations. These findings have important implications because they suggest that governments retain some room to move in the face of economic globalization.     

论印度外资政策的演变

印度被殖民的恶梦可溯源至以外资面貌出现的东印度公司。因此，独立以后的印度社会，对外资具有天然的恐惧、厌恶和抵制。但基于殖民经济的固有特色，以尼赫鲁为首的印度资产阶级统治精英认识到立即驱逐外资的可怕后果。这决定了印度对待外资的矛盾性。观察印度独立60年来的外资政策轨迹，我们可以发现印度外资政策的三大特点：实用主义；理性、务实、灵活；非意识形态性和非超国民待遇性。     

Bringing the Company Back In: A Firm-Level Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment

The industry standard for studying multinational corporations (MNCs) has been to evaluate patterns in aggregate country-level measures of foreign direct investment (FDI). Though certainly related, these data are at best a proxy for the actual commercial and productive activities of multinationals that most political scientists purport to be interested in. Simply put, this is a very indirect way of testing theories about the sociopolitical and economic factors that motivate MNCs’ choice of host countries. This article introduces a new firm-level data set designed to get around this problem by permitting more direct analysis of multinationals’ foreign operations. It then revisits the relationship between regime type and direct investment, finding evidence that MNCs are more likely to establish new subsidiaries in democracies than in nondemocracies. However, further analysis reveals that the strength of this relationship varies by context. Specifically, MNCs rely on regime type as an indicator of political risk when they lack an existing relationship with the host state. In addition, those operating in extractive industries are generally less responsive to political institutions than those operating in manufacturing or services. These results suggest that firm- and sector-specific factors deserve greater consideration than they have been given in the existing literature.     

外国直接投资对博茨瓦纳经济发展的正效应

长期以来,外国直接投资与经济发展的关系不仅是国内外经济学家关注的问题,更是世界各国,特别是发展中国家政府亟待解决的问题。世界上经济发展最落后、普遍受资金短缺困扰的非洲国家,对利用外国直接投资发展经济尤为关注。然而,由于投资环境欠佳和政策不到位等因素,大多数非洲国家未能很好地利用外资来发展本国经济。当然,其中也有特例,南部非洲小国博茨瓦纳正是这样一个国家。该国在利用外资拉动经济增长与发展方面,取得了显著的成效,值得其他非洲国家借鉴。外资流入的特点(一)外资流入呈高位波动态势从20世纪70年代起,由于博茨瓦纳在引资…     

创造国际直接投资新环境开拓中俄经贸合作新局面

中俄两国经贸关系走上了正常发展的轨道,相互投资成为深化两国经济关系的重要内容。国际直接投资是突破贸易壁垒、进入一国市场的重要手段,也是稳定中俄经济关系的根本基础。中俄相互投资存在经济转轨尚未完全实现、法律法规不健全、缺乏有效的筹资渠道、沟通渠道不畅等制度性和基础性障碍。为促进中俄两国相互投资健康、快速发展,应在签定双边投资协定、建立中俄商业协会、开辟投资融资途径、相互建立工业园区以及举办投资洽谈会等方面构建相互投资的宏观环境。     

当前全球外国直接投资的特点与前景

根据联合国贸发会今年1月公布的报告,2007年全球外国直接投资(FDI)连续四年保持增长,达到1.5万亿美元并超过了2000年的最高水平。报告显示,中国排名虽稍有下降,但依然是发展中国家中吸引外资最多的国家。全球外国直接投资在保持快速增长的同时,其投资流向、政策与分配格局均呈现出新的特点,其前景受到世界经济放缓、     

马来西亚华人农业跨国公司对外直接投资研究

华人跨国公司是当今世界经济中的新兴力量,本文分析马来西亚华人农业跨国公司的成长和对外直接投资的背景、特点,并就几家有代表性的企业进行研究,并总结华人农业跨国企业的不足、发展趋势及其对中国企业的启示。     

印度与中国招商引资比较分析

文章以中国和印度两个国家的招商引资为研究对象 ,分别从国家竞争力、招商引资的法律、法规、招商引资的方式、维护国家经济安全的角度进行了对比分析 ,从而揭示中国招商引资的成效与不足。     

Conditional on Conditionality: IMF Program Design and Foreign Direct Investment

The article explores how International Monetary Fund (IMF) program design influences foreign direct investment inflows. The author argues that stricter IMF conditionality signals a program-participating government's commitment to economic reforms, as it incurs larger ex ante political cost and risks greater ex post political cost. Thus, the catalytic effect of an IMF program is conditional on conditionality: programs with stricter conditions catalyze more foreign direct investment than those with less stringent conditions. Empirical analysis of the IMF conditionality dataset supports the argument and shows that after accounting for IMF program participation, the more structural conditions included in an IMF program, the more foreign direct investment flows into the country.     

The Politics of Foreign Direct Investment in Authoritarian Regimes

While political scientists find that democracy reduces political risk, little scholarship analyzes how authoritarian regimes attract foreign direct investment (FDI). This article argues that while authoritarian countries are generally risky, this risk can be minimized when authoritarian regimes are constrained from both “above” and “below.” Signing international investment treaties are critical for authoritarian countries to signal a commitment to FDI-friendly policies. However, only authoritarian signatories that allow some degree of public deliberation in their policymaking are then constrained from deviating from the policies of the international investment treaties. Panel statistical regressions and a case analysis support the hypothesis.     

印度吸收外国直接投资的启发

印度独立后 ,就重视外资 ,已有 5 0多年利用外资的历史 ,吸引外资的战略经历了 5个阶段的转变 ,这个转变体现了三种方式的不同的影响和效用。本文主要讨论印度和我国吸收外国直接投资的比较。     

印度跨国公司对外直接投资的SWOT分析

随着经济全球化的加深,越来越多的印度跨国公司参与对外直接投资,进行跨国经营并取得令人注目的成就。作为来自于发展中国家的跨国公司,印度企业对外投资有其自身的优势和劣势,也面临外部的机遇和威胁。文章运用SWOT分析方法,通过对上述四个方面的分析,总结出印度跨国公司对外直接投资时一些有效的、可供借鉴的策略。     

东盟外国直接投资初探

当今,东盟正处于采取措施进行区域整合(含内部和外部整合)的十字路口。这从近来颁布的《万象行动计划(2004)》和第二届《巴厘宣言(2003)》提出“东盟经济共同体”、“安全共同体”和“社会文化共同体”的概念可以明显看出。这是互相促进、共同创建“在整合、协调、互爱中共同繁荣、生死与共的亚洲共同体”的具体行动。最近,《东盟观察(2020)》提出建立一个和平、稳定和发达的东盟的构想。然而,2005年在新加坡举行的“东盟人领导论坛”指出了东盟共同体内的先天不足:要真正实现共同体的进步,需要人们具有长期不懈、坚定不移的政治意识和参与…     

印度利用外国直接投资政策的特点及新发展

本文系统介绍了独立以来印度外国直接投资政策 (FDI)的演变、特点及其新发展 ,为我国如入WTO后如何应对FDI政策的挑战提供借鉴意义。     

Credibility and Flexibility: Political Institutions,Governance, and Foreign Direct Investment

This article argues that the relationship between political institutions and foreign direct investment is both nonlinear and conditional upon status quo policies. The empirical analysis demonstrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between political institutions and foreign direct investment in developing countries, with four veto players being the most attractive institutional arrangement. Countries with too few or too many veto players are not favored because of either high policy uncertainty or high policy rigidity. In addition, the benefits and costs of credibility and flexibility vary in good times and hard times. The benefits of maintaining status quo tend to outweigh the costs in countries with good initial regulatory environment. The costs of maintaining status quo tend to outweigh the benefits when countries are more vulnerable to exogenous shocks.     

印度外资政策改革：历程、经验教训和启示——基于文献梳理视角解读

随着外资政策改革不断深化,印度外资政策问题受到国内外学者的广泛关注,相关文献也逐渐增多。本文从印度外资政策改革历程、印度利用外资的经验教训、印度外资政策对中国的启示等方面对印度外资政策改革的研究文献进行梳理,以期深度解读和预测印度外资利用情况。     

1990年代以来中印对外直接投资探析

中印正逐渐成为世界经济领域中日趋活跃的对外直接投资者。比较两国1990年代以来对外直接投资的现状及特点，分析两国在投资行业、区位选择、投资方式和投资主体等方面的差异，有利于我国企业在进行对外直接投资时做出更趋理性的判断。