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1.
While reasons for returning to abusive partners have received considerable attention in research on intimate partner violence,
few studies have examined the reasons why victims fail to follow through with the protection order process, regardless of
whether or not they return to their abusive partners. Fifty-five women who were in the process of withdrawing a protection
order against a male intimate partner were surveyed in the present analysis. Recognizing that reasons given for withdrawing
a protection order often follow common themes, individual responses were organized into several “domains,” or groupings of
such reasons. The most commonly cited domain involved a “concrete change” on behalf of the victim or defendant, which made
the protection order less necessary in the victim’s view. This was closely followed by the domain addressing emotional attachment
to the abuser. Implications for future research and policy are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Karin V. Rhodes Catherine Cerulli Melissa E. Dichter Catherine L. Kothari Frances K. Barg 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(5):485-493
For mothers, intimate partner violence (IPV) presents a concern not only for their own well-being but also for that of their
children who are exposed to the violence and its aftermath. In focus groups with adult women (N = 39) across three jurisdictions who had experienced legal system intervention for IPV victimization, mothers raised unsolicited
concerns about the negative effects of IPV exposure on their children. These comments were not prompted by the facilitator
but were raised by women in all seven of the focus groups during discussions about motivations and barriers to participation
in prosecution of their abusive partners. The overall message was that victims with children felt very conflicted. Children
both facilitate and inhibit leaving the abusive relationship. Mothers wanted to spare their children from harmful effects
of violence but also wanted to keep their families together and protect their children from potential agitation and instability
caused by legal system involvement. Participants described how fears and threats of involvement from child protective services
inhibited help-seeking while simultaneously voicing a desire for services that would help their children. More research is
needed to help service providers understand the quagmire mothers who are victims of IPV encounter regarding their children’s
wellbeing. 相似文献
3.
This study addresses whether the relationship between illicit drug use/abuse measures and intimate partner violence (IPV)
varies across socioeconomic status, racial status, and environmental indictors of a drug supportive culture. Data from 19,131
respondents who were living with intimate partners and had not been treated for a substance abuse problem in the last year
and participated in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse were analyzed. Marijuana use/abuse was a stronger predictor
of IPV and psychological abuse for minorities, but was not a significant predictor of Caucasians’ IPV. Marijuana use/abuse
also was a stronger predictor of IPV for those having a low socioeconomic status, but indicators of a drug supportive culture
did not moderate the relationship. Minorities’ marijuana use/abuse increased their yelling and insulting behavior toward each
other, and this psychological abuse mediated the effect of marijuana use/abuse on IPV. By contrast, stimulant use, sedative
use, and alcohol abuse or dependence had independent direct effects on IPV after controlling for psychological abuse. Implications
for research and policy are discussed. 相似文献
4.
James B Halsted 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》1995,10(3):35-40
The field of victimology has been inundated with empirical evidence which demonstrates victims of crime have very few rights.
Yet a new field of civil liability has been growing in the last few years which gives rape and assault victims a new avenue
to be compensated for their injuries. This paper will demonstrate how the victims’ target is not the criminal justice system
(through compensation from restitution or victim’s compensation statures). Nor is it the defendant (who usually makes no money).
Rather, the target is the rich apartment complex owners and other owners of commercial premises who have failed to maintain
their premises safely. As a result of their negligence, the victims fail to be afforded the right to visit or habitat or to
sleep without fear and are ultimately raped. Jury verdicts in these premises liability cases have reached more than nine million
dollars. This paper will analyze the legal process whereby one particular rape victim actualized her rights and gained significant
monetary damages under this evolving law of premise liability. Finally, it proposes the creation of a new institutionalized
program that promotes the rape victim’s rights to adequate compensation for her injury-the Rape Victims’ Rights and Opportunities
Program. 相似文献
5.
Angela R. Gover Courtney Welton-Mitchell Joanne Belknap Anne P. Deprince 《Women & Criminal Justice》2013,23(2):99-120
Although most women abused by intimate partners experience a patterned behavior of abuse (by either the same or new partners), little is known about their decision making regarding whether to call the police for subsequent abuse. The current study found that 90 percent of women who had encountered the criminal legal system for previous intimate partner abuse victimizations did not contact the police for some or all recurrences. Qualitative analysis was conducted among a sample of 102 women regarding their reasons for not re-engaging the legal system for subsequent victimizations. The results suggested 5 overall reasons as to why women involved with the criminal legal system choose not to engage the system again. 相似文献
6.
Sara C. Hare 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(8):765-776
Criminal justice officials assume that intimate partner violence victims oppose filing charges against their abusers. In a
study of 94 respondents, reluctance actually occurred with the prospect of going to trial. While 70% supported filing charges,
only 37% wanted a trial. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses help explain the reasons women gave for their opinions
about trials. The strongest quantitative predictor was that as the level of the victim’s injury sustained from the crime increased,
their support for a trial increased. Gondolf and Fisher’s (1988) survivor theory predicted factors that influenced victims’
support or opposition to a trial in the quantitative section. The nested ecological model explained approximately half of
the open-ended responses to those opposing trials while the goals of sentencing model articulated most victims’ support for
trials. 相似文献
7.
Yan’an Shi 《Frontiers of Law in China》2008,3(2):294-323
The victim-offender reconciliation (VOR), practiced by the basic public security, procuratorates and courts since the advent
of 21st century, is a new mode different from the mediation or conciliation in the procedure of civil litigation or of that accessory
to the public prosecution in criminal proceeding. This mode connects the criminal justice with the mediation or private reconciliation
by themselves. Thus, non-official settlement can influence the criminal justice and the decisions of authoritative agencies.
It is beneficial to restore the victim’s interests, urge the offender to repent for his wrongdoings, compensate for the victim’s
loss and restore the damaged social relationship. The VOR in China is the same in essence as the Western restorative justice,
so it could be regarded as a Chinese mode of global restorative justice movement. Though the VOR mechanism works well, it
still brings some matter in further consideration: (a) the legitimacy of VOR; (b) the conflict against the basic concept of
crime; (c) the effect to the social reality. 相似文献
8.
Michael S. Liao 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(8):671-678
A total of 31 Chinese community members (8 males and 23 females) were recruited from three social service agencies in San
Francisco (Donaldina Cameron House, Richmond Area Multi-Services, and St. Mary’s Chinese Center) to participate in a study
examining the relationship between problem gambling and intimate partner violence (IPV). A survey approach was taken which
assessed the participants’ demographic characteristics including age, gender, country of birth, and employment, as well as
factors relating to their intimate partners, including partner’s alcohol abuse and problem gambling. Younger participants
and those whose partners were problem gamblers were more likely to experience IPV. However, partner’s problem gambling was
a significant predictor only at the ten-point cutoff on the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) (Lesieur and Blume, American Journal of Psychiatry, 1987) and not at the five-point cutoff. Chinese participants whose partners were problem gamblers (SOGS ≥ 10) were 27.5 times
more likely to experience IPV. Findings are discussed and social work practice, policy, and research implications are highlighted.
相似文献
Michael S. LiaoEmail: |
9.
This work examines the moderator effect of sex and age on the relationship between different types of exposure to intimate
partner violence (IPV) and child psychopathology and functional impairment. One hundred and sixty-six Spanish children aged
4 –17 years exposed to intimate partner violence were assessed using a diagnostic interview and other instruments for the
measurement of psychopathology and functional impairment. Participants were classified in three groups according to the degree
of exposure: witness (N = 77), involved (N = 63) and victim (N = 26). According to mothers’ self-reports and mother-child combined information, boy victims of IPV showed more mood disorders
than involved or witness boys. There were no other moderator effects of either sex or age. The effect of exposure to intimate
partner violence among children was not dependent, in general, on the child’s sex or age, and this has important implications
for the assessment, treatment, and prevention of children’s exposure to IPV. 相似文献
10.
This article reports a study of the impact of marital status on interactional aspects of intimate partner violence (IPV) among
help-seeking women. Are there differences among marital status groups concerning (a) other sociodemographic variables, (b)
IPV categories, (c) interactional IPV variables, and (d) perception and interpretation of IPV? A representative sample of
157 women recruited from family counseling, the police, and shelters were interviewed. There was no significant sociodemographic
difference among the marital status groups. There were no significant differences pertaining to IPV categories, neither for
IPV severity, injury, duration, frequency, mortal danger, and regularity, nor for physical, psychological, or sexual IPV.
However, multivariate logistic regression showed that post-separation women were significantly more likely to have (a) had
longer duration since the last psychological and sexual IPV episode, (2) reported the physical IPV to be more predictable,
and (3) used more active coping strategies against physical IPV. However, our research was not able to determine if perception
and interpretation predict actual leaving behavior, or vice versa, or how the victim’s subjective perception and interpretation
of the IPV changes over time. 相似文献
11.
This study examined the effect of victim characteristics and evidence factors on prosecutors’ decisions to file charges in
sexual assault cases. Social scientists and legal scholars argue that sexual assault case processing decisions are affected
by stereotypes of real rapes and genuine victims. They assert that complainants whose backgrounds and behavior conform to
the image of a genuine victim will be taken more seriously, and their allegations treated more seriously, than complainants
whose backgrounds and behavior are at odds with this image. We used a sample of arrests for sexual assault made by the Detroit
Police Department in 1989 to test these assertions. We combined six victim characteristics to create a genuine victim scale,
and we examined the effect of this scale, as well as a number of evidence factors, on prosecutors’ charging decisions. We
performed separate analyses on cases with child victims and cases with adolescent or adult victims. We found that the genuine
victim scale did not influence charging decisions in cases with child victims, but was theonly significant predictor in cases involving adolescent or adult victims. In contrast, none of the four evidence factors affected
charging in cases with adult victims, and only one of these factors was related to charging in cases involving children. These
findings suggest that prosecutors attempt to avoid uncertainty by screening out sexual assault cases unlikely to result in
a conviction because of questions about the victim’s character, the victim’s behavior, and the victim’s credibility.
This paper is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. SES-9010826. Points of view are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the National Science Foundataion. 相似文献
12.
This article explores how women empowerment affects Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in Bangladesh using a cross-sectional
investigation of currently married women (n = 4,181) sampled via the Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS), 2007. About one-fourth (24%) of currently married Bangladeshi
women experienced both physical and/or sexual IPV in the past year. Prevalence of physical and sexual violence was 19.4% and
10.5%, respectively. Younger generation (age 15–24), illiterate, rural, and the poorest household wealth categorized women
were much victimized. Current employment status predicted intimate partner violence. Household decision-making pattern also
emerged as a predictor of IPV. Likelihood of all forms of IPV increases with increase of number of participation in household
decision-making. Promoting women empowerment in the household without men’s support may put women at more risk of IPV. 相似文献
13.
This note summarizes extant research on civil legal aid, which includes provision of legal services for indigent and low-income individuals, and its applications for DV and IPV victims, and concludes with suggestions for improving service delivery and research in the field. Results of searches of online databases for peer-reviewed and non-peer reviewed articles, reports, analyses, and evaluations of civil legal aid in the United States were analyzed and critically assessed. Civil legal aid is a promising but underfunded and underexplored avenue for responding to and reducing domestic violence (DV), intimate partner violence (IPV), and their devastating effects. Providing civil counsel in divorce, custody, and protective order proceedings can significantly improve outcomes for DV and IPV victims and their children as well as serve as a cost-effective strategy for reducing violence and generating positive social returns. 相似文献
14.
15.
Cecilia Casanueva Sandra L. Martin Desmond K. Runyan Richard P. Barth Robert H. Bradley 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):413-427
Children are overrepresented in households with intimate-partner violence (IPV), and many suffer the double burden of being
the subject of maltreatment and bearing the consequences of abuse to their mothers. Despite this situation, little information
exists concerning parenting by women who have been abused by an intimate partner. We examine the relationship between women’s
experiences with IPV and the quality of maternal parenting using data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being.
The sample consisted of 1,943 female caregivers of children younger than 10 years investigated for child maltreatment. Women
who had experienced IPV in the past but were no longer victims of IPV had significantly better parenting scores than women
who were currently experiencing IPV, when other risk factors were controlled. This study adds to the evidence that IPV does
not necessarily impair maternal parenting. Women abused by an intimate partner deserve a thorough assessment of what services
they need: parenting services should be offered as warranted on a case-by-case evaluation of the particular woman’s parenting
skills. 相似文献
16.
Sandra A. Graham-Bermann Kathryn H. Howell Laura E. Miller Jean Kwek Michelle M. Lilly 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(4):383-392
Despite research on the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on children, little is known about its impact on cognitive
development. In this study, 87 preschool-aged children and their mothers exposed to IPV within the last two years participated
in interviews to ascertain verbal ability, history of violence, and exposure to trauma. When compared to a national sample
of 1,700 same-age children not evaluated for exposure to traumatic events, children exposed to IPV scored significantly lower
on verbal ability, as assessed with standardized measures. In order to understand variation in verbal ability, multiple regression
models were tested. Both prior exposure to traumatic events and the level of mother’s education were significant predictors
of verbal ability. However, level of education mediated the relationship between traumatic events and the child’s verbal ability. 相似文献
17.
For over 30 years, research has shown that men can and do sustain intimate partner violence (IPV) from their female partners.
This is the first large-scale, nationally-based, quantitative study to systematically detail the helpseeking experiences of
men who have sustained IPV from their female partners. The sample is composed of 302 men who were recruited from resources
specializing in men’s issues. Results indicate that men who seek help for IPV victimization have the most positive experiences
in seeking help from family/friends, and mental health and medical providers. They have the least positive experiences with
members of the DV service system. Cumulative positive helpseeking experiences were associated with lower levels of abusing
alcohol; cumulative negative experiences were associated with higher rates of exceeding a clinical cut-off for post-traumatic
stress disorder. Results are discussed in terms of implications for the social service sector and for future research. 相似文献
18.
The majority of research on the psychosocial impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure for children has focused on
IPV occurrence. The current study extended this research by examining three dimensions of IPV exposure: frequency, proximity,
and severity, and tested whether these dimensions predicted variance in adolescents’ psychosocial problems over-and-above
that accounted for by IPV occurrence. Participants included 140 adolescents and their caregivers, who were recruited for an
intervention involving maltreated youth placed in out-of-home care. After controlling for IPV occurrence, exposure to community
violence, and severity of maltreatment, results indicated a positive association between the multidimensional IPV index and
youth report of psychosocial problems. There was also a trend for a positive association between the IPV index and caregiver
report of psychosocial problems for boys. The study’s results are discussed in terms of their implications for prevention
researchers and child welfare agencies. 相似文献
19.
Kendra Pennington-Zoellner 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(8):539-545
Community coordination refers to a formalized system of collaboration between various social service agencies to help meet
the needs of specific populations. In cases of intimate partner violence (IPV), community coordination includes a system of
policies, information sharing, and referrals between the criminal justice system and counseling centers and shelters for survivors.
The life model of social work practice suggests that social workers utilize both formal and informal groups as environmental
resources for clients. In an effort to address the failures of community coordinated responses to IPV, community needs to be reconceptualized to include these additional groups, especially employers. 相似文献
20.
Perpetrators of male-to-female intimate partner violence (IPV) may be likely to have multiple service needs, the extent of which may vary with respect to criminal justice involvement. The salience of the criminal justice system and the potential impact on service needs due to arrest and incarceration is underscored given the association between substance use and IPV. This study utilized a sample of men in methadone treatment who perpetrated male-to-female IPV in order to examine associations between criminal justice involvement and perceived additional service need(s). Results indicate that the likelihood of having service needs significantly increased as time since most recent arrest or incarceration decreased. These findings highlight the need and potential benefit that can be derived from greater coordination amongst the criminal justice, IPV prevention, and drug treatment systems and service providers. 相似文献