The end of the enlightenment and modernity; The irrational ironies of rationalization

Begun as a collaborative project with Joseph Bensman before his death, this essay is an expanded and more fully illustrated version of ideas originally outlined in draft form.     

『帮』尼克松结束越南战争的人

2005年5月31日,<华盛顿邮报>网络版刊发了一则爆炸性消息,30多年前,曾向该报两位记者透露"水门事件"内幕的"深喉"--时任联邦调查局副局长的马克·费尔特浮出水面,尘封许久的谜团终被解开.其实,尼克松执政期间,还出现了一个类似"深喉"的人物--丹尼尔·艾尔斯伯格,正是他向<纽约时报>透露了有关越战真相的内幕,才最终导致尼克松不得不从越南撤军.不过,他的斗争策略远不如"深喉"高明,赤膊上阵与当权者对着干,自然要付出很多代价.如果说是"深喉"--马克·费尔特让尼克松下台的话,那么,也可以说是丹尼尔·艾尔斯伯格"帮"尼克松结束了越南战争,两人历史贡献同样重大.     

冷战以后日本共产党的曲折发展及前景

冷战以后,日本共产党经历了一段从低谷到高峰再到低谷的曲折发展过程.本文认为这主要是由三个原因造成的:由于民主党的崛起而形成的两大政党格局,日本共产党的政党形象以及其在一些方针政策上存在的教条主义.即使处于发展的低谷,本文认为,日本共产党在新的世纪仍然会实现新的发展.     

Spectres of the Third World: global modernity and the end of the three worlds

The three worlds configuration was a product of Eurocentric mappings of the world to deal with the postcolonial situation that emerged after World War II. Mortgaging Third World futures to either capitalism or socialism, which was a premise of this mapping, also pointed to a future dominated by alternatives of European origin. The situation I describe as ‘global modernity’ refers to a post-Eurocentric modernity that has scrambled notions of space and time inherited from modernity. It is a product of modernity, and of the struggles that the idea of three worlds sought to capture, but those struggles have led to unanticipated reconfigurations globally, including the reconfiguration of capitalism that has globalised following the fall of the Second World (the world of socialisms). This article discusses some of the problems attendant upon this situation.     

论民族主义与帝国模式的终结

马克思主义经典作家充分认识到了民族主义的破坏性和革命性.民族主义是历史上前两种帝国模式崩溃的根本动因之一."新帝国论"存在众多缺陷,"新帝国模式"也摆脱不了未来历史的发展逻辑,即在今后的"民族主义时代"里,帝国模式将难于形成和维续,进而走向终结.     

The end of green gold? Comparative development options and strategies in the Eastern Caribbean banana-producing islands

Bananas were the basis of the political economy of Dominica, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent during the 40 or so years from their establishment as a crop in the 1950s to the beginning of their decline in the 1990s. Because of successive shifts in European Union policy and successful challenges within the World Trade Organization to the protectionist regime that banana production in these islands enjoyed throughout this period, these three small Eastern Caribbean countries are being pushed inexorably into the “post-banana” era. Their efforts to find a new niche within the global political economy are being led in each case by new, modernizing, labor party governments that won elections and came into office during a brief four-year period between 1997 and 2001. Each government faces the same broad development challenge, but employs different resources, leadership skills, and political style. At the same time, each can be said to be pursuing what is best described as a kind of “managerial populist” development. The range of development options faced by these islands is narrow in the extreme, but they have shown that they can still exercise some limited room to move forward into the post-banana era. Anthony Payne is professor of politics, at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom. He was the managing editor of the journalNew Political Economy from 1996 to 2005. He is the author of several books and articles on the Caribbean and on development and globalization. The most recent includeCharting Caribbean Development (University Press of Florida, 2001), co-authored with Paul Sutton;The Global Politics of Unequal Development (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005); and, as editor,Key Debates in New Political Economy (Routledge, 2006). The author would like to thank the Nuffield Foundation for supporting fieldwork in Dominica, St. Lucia, and St., Vincent in July 2004.