The specificity of gunshot wounds caused by rubber buck shot

Described in the paper are forensic-medical cases related with examinations of wounds inflicted by rubber case-shot--a relatively rare ammunition. The morphology of the above wounds and specific features of deposition of "shot metals" in the damaged region were studied. The possibilities of fixing a shot distance and ammunition type were defined.     

Bullet identification: a case of a fatal hunting accident resolved by comparison of lead shot using instrumental neutron activation analysis.

Bullet identification by chemical analysis often provides a powerful clue in forensic science. A case is reported in which a hunting accident was resolved by using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for direct comparison of the trace element content in lead shot. Different preparation batches of lead shot appear to have a high within-group composition homogeneity, and good differentiation is achieved between different batches. Determination of the nickel and antimony content on a bush branch demonstrated that the branch had been perforated by one of the shot pellets, and this helped the detectives in reconstruction of the crime scene.     

A novel hunting accident. Discharge of a firearm by a hunting dog

The authors report the case of a 21-year-old man who was killed while duck hunting when a shotgun accidentally discharged, shooting him in the head. The loaded weapon, which had been lying on the ground with the safety off and the muzzle pointed toward a river a few feet away, discharged when a hunting dog stepped on the trigger. Scene investigation confirmed that the victim had been standing in the river, planting decoys, with his head approximately level with the adjacent bank. Autopsy examination and ballistic testing confirmed a range of fire consistent with the witness' statements. Examination of the weapon in question documented a light trigger pull but no mechanical defects. The authors review the epidemiology and causality of hunting accidents and discuss the various safety rules that were violated in this highly unusual case. The importance of a complete death investigation, including autopsy, when dealing with a firearm death is emphasized.     

Diving-related fatalities caused by underwater explosions: a report of two cases.

The authors report two cases of diving-related water blast with fatal outcome resulting from nearby underwater explosions. Water blast with fatal outcome almost exclusively occurs in wars at sea. Underwater explosions are extremely rare in diving because of the limited exposure. Forensic findings in both cases reported included expected injuries to gas-filled organs such as the middle ear, lungs, and intestine; some rarely described injuries such as rupture of the liver, spleen, and kidneys; and also some lesions that were not found in a search of the literature: rupture of the heart and contusion of the hypophysis. Injuries caused by fatal underwater explosions should be carefully evaluated in forensic medicine to provide data that may support a criminal investigation.     

The morphological characteristics of fragmentation injuries caused by low-energy random fragments]

Experimental investigations showed real possibility to perform stand laboratory modelling of blast trauma at any distance of fragmentation lesion. Process of interaction between injuring splinters and part of human body has both qualitative and quantitative expressions: different morphologic kinds of human body lesions are in accord with quite specific equivalent of energy parameters expressed via specific kinetic energy. Connections determined give the opportunity to solve special medical problems related to determination of distance between the victim and the blast centre in fragmentation injuring exposure according to character and volume of lesions.     

Fatal injuries caused by glass fragments. Case reports and autopsy findings

The authors report three cases of fatal domestic accidents by falling through glass doors. Multiple cuts and stabwounds in one of these cases primarily suggested a crime of violence. In contrast the bodies of the two other perished persons showed only unsignificant injuries. Causes of death were aerous embolism (1 case) and mechanical bleeding to death (2 cases). The common morphological signs of these glass injuries are exemplified and preventive measures are discussed.     

七七式手枪推弹突笋痕与发射顺序的研究

目的研究七七式手枪射击弹壳的排序,找出射击顺序之间的关系。方法通过已知顺序的实弹射击取样,用显微镜观察弹壳上连续射击过程中形成的推弹突笋痕迹,经过统计、归纳,从中发现与射击顺序之间的关系。结果根据弹壳底面的推弹突笋痕迹变化规律判断出七七式手枪发射子弹的顺序。结论为指导涉枪案件的检验鉴定提供依据。     

Gunshot damage inflicted by a short shot from some special-purpose arms

Inlet damage to clothes material caused by point-blank shots from a special submachine guns Val, 9-A-91, sniper complex BCK-4 furnished with a soundless non-flame shooting devices (SNSD) was studied in experiment. Specific features of the affection and shot products distribution (shape, size, topography, accumulation of soot metals, etc.) were specified which allow judgement about guns and range of shot. How SNSD construction and shot range influence the above characteristics is shown. A relevant case is reported.     

医院接生致新生儿损伤1例诉讼分析

案情原告母亲盛某因怀孕于2002年3月开始就诊于L医院,建立了门诊病历,遵医嘱进行了各项检查,并坚持随诊,L医院一直告知母子正常。2003年9月18日,原告母亲妊娠期满,于L医院产房待产,入院诊断为:妊娠高血压综合征(中度)、发热待查、胎儿窘迫,L医院决定行阴道试产。当夜7时出现胎儿呼吸窘迫,医生决定使用产钳助产,将孩子多处夹伤,头部拉出后又出现肩难产,反复牵拉,才将孩子拉出,结果造成原告头颈部多处皮肤牵拉伤、右肩关节脱位、右臂丛神经损伤、缺血缺氧性脑病、头和脸部变形。2003年12月22日原告家属以L医院产后不顾母婴安全,不积极抢救患…     

医院接生致新生儿损伤1例诉讼分析

案情　原告母亲盛某因怀孕于2002年3月开始就诊于L医院,建立了门诊病历,遵医嘱进行了各项检查,并坚持随诊,L医院一直告知母子正常.2003年9月18日,原告母亲妊娠期满,于L医院产房待产,入院诊断为：妊娠高血压综合征（中度）、发热待查、胎儿窘迫,L医院决定行阴道试产.当夜7时出现胎儿呼吸窘迫,医生决定使用产钳助产,将孩子多处夹伤,头部拉出后又出现肩难产,反复牵拉,才将孩子拉出,结果造成原告头颈部多处皮肤牵拉伤、右肩关节脱位、右臂丛神经损伤、缺血缺氧性脑病、头和脸部变形.