马克思人本观的形成与发展及其当代意义阐释——以马克思思想的嬗变为视角

马克思的人本思想在马克思主义理论体系中占有重要地位,这一思想是以探索人的本质为出发点,通过科学实践观的确立而实现思维方式的自我超越,对人的本质作出了科学说明,最后落脚于人的自由而全面的发展上.马克思始终没有离开对人的关注,通过现实的实践途径关注和改善人类的命运是马克思主义的历史使命,也是其人本观的当代意义.     

再读马克思的自由观

自由是人类追求的永恒目标,也是人类文明发展的重要标志。随着社会的不断发展,马克思第一次从历史、唯物和实践的角度出发,分析阐述了马克思主义自由观的基本内容,自此形成马克思主义自由观——即马克思主义自由观是一个历史的范畴,它立足于客观必然之上,在实践中不断发展,同时指导实践,相辅互长。因此,马克思主义自由观是科学的自由观,也是人类争取自由的伟大旗帜和科学指南。     

马克思主义与自由主义

自由主义在西方至今仍是占主导地位的意识形态。它的历史虽然可以追溯到古希腊，但作为一种思想流派和理论体系，则是近代以来的事情，实质上是资产阶级的一种自由观和民主观，与马克思主义的自由观民主现有着本质的区别。本文围绕马克思主义与自由主义在自由民主问题上的基本分歧作一筒要评述。     

马克思的自由观内涵浅析

自由赋予生命以价值,是人的本质的规定,是人类的理想社会价值目标。马克思的自由观是对以往自由观的超越对自由进行了新的阐述。主要从认识论以及实践的角度分析了马克思自由观的基本内涵包括客观、历史和实践三个主要方面,即马克思主义自由观是一个历史的范畴,它立足于客观必然之上,并且在实践中不断发展,又反过来指导实践。     

马克思主义妇女观及其意义

马克思主义妇女观是马克思理论体系的组成部分,是马克思主义基本原理在妇女问题上的运用。马克思恩格斯考察了人类历史上家庭、婚姻的形式,勾勒并分析了妇女地位的变迁,指出妇女被压迫是人类历史发展到一定阶段上的产物。妇女为人类社会的发展作出了重要贡献。妇女解放是历史发展的必然,妇女解放的程度是衡量普遍解放的天然尺度。马克思主义妇女观对全球妇女解放作出了重大贡献。     

不断实现人的解放是三十年改革开放的鲜明主题

一、人的解放学说是马克思主义理论的重要组成部分人的解放学说是马克思主义理论体系的基本内容之一。马克思把他所要实现的共产主义理想社会界定为一种"自由人的联合体",在那里,"每个人的自由发展是一切人的自由发展的条件"。马克思     

马克思自由观的价值意蕴与时代价值

自由是马克思思想中的一个核心概念,马克思主义的价值指向就是实现人的自由与全面发展。马克思认为,自由是一个立根于历史之上的过程,自由的实现必须依赖于人的实践活动。在自由人的联合体即共产主义社会中,人们的自由程度将得到质的提升。重温马克思的自由观有助于我们理解作为社会主义核心价值观的自由的含义,积极培育和践行社会主义自由观。     

马克思主义哲学视角下实践概念及意义

相较于马克思以前的哲学家,马克思赋予实践概念以全新的内涵,在马克思主义哲学中,马克思把实践规定为人的现实的、感性的活动,是主体见之于客体的东西,在这一实践观的基础上唯物论、认识论、辩证法和历史观构成有机的统一整体。实践是联结主客体的中介和基础,是人类认识世界和改造世界的统一。马克思主义哲学以实践范畴作为自己理论体系的核心,体现能动性与受动性的统一,建立了完整的理论体系。实践概念的提出和实践观的确立,是实现哲学上伟大变革的关键。     

论马克思主义自由观及其当代价值

马克思主义的自由观是马克思主义的重要思想内容,在当今社会,马克思主义自由观的当代价值表现为社会主义核心价值观之自由观,社会主义核心价值观之自由观的理论来源于马克思主义的自由观。社会主义核心价值观中的自由理念在秉承马克思主义自由观的基础上,也是在与中国特色社会主义初级阶段的国情结合的基础上发展了新的理念。本文通过对马克思主义自由观的理论内涵分析其当代价值表现——社会主义核心价值观之自由观,从马克思主义自由观中找到社会主义核心价值观中自由理念的支撑点,并阐述社会主义核心价值观之自由观对马克思主义自由观的发展。     

试述马克思人学思想的早期发展

人类社会的发展使得人的问题成为时代主题之一,人的问题也是学术界进行理论探讨和争论的焦点之一,这同样引起了马克思主义学术界的极大兴趣。马克思的人学思想是马克思思想体系中的重要思想,人学思想存在于马克思主义哲学、政治经济学和科学社会主义理论体系之中。正确理解马克思的人学思想要先从其理论来源和早期发展状况来着手进行分析和研究,只有深层次的对马克思人学思想进行挖掘,对它理论的形成、发展和成熟进行探讨,把它放在实践中进行分析,才能够真正得到马克思人学思想的精髓,为真正实现人的自由全面发展而努力。     

建设马克思主义学习型政党的三维解读

虽然马克思主义学习型政党是个崭新概念,但从历史维度来看,它是随着党员干部队伍建设的历史进程而逐渐生成的,具有丰富的历史实践经验和思想基础。全心全意为人民谋利益的价值取向是建设马克思主义学习型政党的共同愿景。学习科学理论,推进马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化,建设中国特色社会主义,是马克思主义学习型政党的实践指向。从历史维度、价值取向以及实践指向三个维度解读建设马克思主义学习型政党的科学内涵,具有重要的理论意义。     

马克思主义法学在当代中国的难题

变化和开放是马克思主义学说发展的必要条件.马克思主义法学的基本理论渊源于科学社会主义,在当代中国,其支柱和支点理论受到了不同程度的挑战.关于"马克思主义法学"概念、法的本质属性、法功能的局限性、法学研究方法、法的主体和客体、法学的基本问题和基本范畴、法与科学技术的关系、西方法学思想价值的重新评价、中国传统法文化的整理、马克思主义法学在当代中国发展的百年历史的梳理和总结,及国内法与国际法的衔接点和转化系统的系统研究,是马克思主义法学在当代中国发展所面临的十大难题.     

Republicanism, Freedom from Domination, and the Cambridge Contextual Historians

Philip Pettit, in Republicanism: a Theory of Freedom and Government (1997), draws on the historiography of classical republicanism developed by the Cambridge Contextual Historians, John Pocock and Quentin Skinner, to set up a programme for the recovery of the Roman Republican notion of freedom, as freedom from domination. But it is my purpose to show that classical republicanism, as a theory of institutional complexity and balanced government, could not, and did not, lay exclusive claim to freedom from domination as a defining value. Positive freedom was a concept ubiquitous in Roman Law and promulgated in Natural Law as a universal human right. And it was just the ubiquitousness of this right to freedom, honoured more often in the breach than the observance, which prompted the scorn of early modern proto-feminists like Mary Astell and her contemporary, Judith Drake. The division of society into public and private spheres, which liberalism entrenched, precisely allowed democrats in the public sphere full rein as tyrants in the domestic sphere of the family, as these women were perspicacious enough to observe. When republicanism is defined in exclusively normative terms the rich institutional contextualism drops away, leaving no room for the issues it was designed to address: the problematic relation between values and institutions that lies at the heart of individual freedoms.     

试论推进马克思主义理论创新应处理好的几个关系

从马克思主义理论创新的经验看，除了正确处理理论与实践这一基本关系外，还有几个重要理论关系必须处理好。它们是：马克思主义信仰与教条主义的关系、马克思主义发展中的统一性与多样性的关系、马克思主义与反马克思主义思潮的关系、指导思想统一与学术研究自由的关系、马克思主义理论创新主体之间的关系。     

科学发展观是邓小平发展观的继承和发展

科学发展观的明确提出,是以胡锦涛为总书记的党中央在邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想指导下,总结改革开放以来中国取得的经验教训,并从新世纪新阶段的实际出发,努力把握发展的客观规律,汲取人类关于发展的有益成果的基础上提出来的。科学发展观把坚持以人为本和经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展统一起来,并强调按照“五个统筹”的要求推进改革和发展,标志着党对社会主义现代化建设规律的认识更加深入。作为对邓小平发展观的继承和发展以及与时俱进的马克思主义发展观,作为我们党从新世纪新阶段党和国家事业发展全局出发提出的重大战略思想,它已经成为我们推动经济社会发展、加快推进社会主义现代化必须长期坚持的重要指导思想。在新的形势下,牢固树立和全面贯彻科学发展观,对于实现全面建设小康社会、构建社会主义和谐社会,进而实现现代化的宏伟目标,推动中国特色社会主义建设的伟大事业具有重大而深远的意义。     

An Empirical Note on Economic Freedom and Income Inequality

I report estimates for a fixed-effects model of country-level Gini coefficients as a function of economic freedom along with relevant control variables. Gini coefficients are drawn from the UNU/WIDER World Income Inequality Database Version 2.0a, while economic freedom is measured by the Fraser Institute's Economic Freedom of the World index. Controls are included for per capita income, political structure, education, demographics, and industrial composition. Over a broad range of freedom, the estimated relation between economic freedom and income inequality is positive, statistically significant, but relatively inelastic.     

Addressing Workers’ Freedom of Association and its Dispute Resolution in the Context of the Shari’ah

Freedom of association for trade union has been generally accepted as part of basic human rights in Islam. Freedom of association, which include the right to join and participate in trade union activities, can be susceptible to disputes between employers and employees as well as trade unions. Islam provides freedom of association in labour relations and also mechanisms to settle disputes pertaining to such freedom. Conciliation (sulh) and arbitration (tahkim) are both used methods in the inception of Islam, which have similarities with the modern sense. We shall discuss in this article the right to dispute resolution between employers and trade unions in the context of freedom of association in labour relations as based on Shari’ah law and using modern legal systems of Islamic countries such as Iran, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia as examples.     

Still ‘like birds on the wire’? Freedom after neoliberalism

In this paper I suggest that we might understand some features of contemporary populism by reworking the concept of ‘authoritarian populism’ first proposed by Stuart Hall in his analysis of ‘Thatcherism’. Following a brief review of my earlier analytics of ‘governing through freedom’, I suggest that while the political movements identified by the names of Trump, Wilders, Le Pen, the Austrian Freedom Party, the True Finns etc. may be ephemeral, it is worth considering whether they are beginning to articulate a new set of rationalities and technologies for governing ‘after neoliberalism’. I analyse some key elements of these movements, the new epistemologies that they employ and the ethopolitics that they espouse, and suggest that the key operative concepts may be ‘the people’, security and control. We may still be ‘birds on the wire’ as Leonard Cohen once put it, but perhaps what we are enjoined to seek in these strategies for ‘governing liberty’ is not so much freedom but security.     

对解放思想方法论原则的思考

解放思想是发展中国特色社会主义的一大法宝。只有坚持马克思主义科学世界观和方法论,才能真正做到思想解放。解放思想必须遵循客观规律,必须从实际出发,必须树立世界眼光,必须把握发展趋势,必须勇于尝试创新,必须敢于自我否定。     

THE ADMINISTRATIVE IMPLICATIONS OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION LEGISLATION

Abstract: Freedom of information legislation is now an item on the political agenda. In the debate about the scope of such legislation, however, some important administrative questions have been ignored. Relevant overseas experience, particularly that of North America, has not been given the attention it deserves. By 1972 the Labor Party had made "open government" an electoral issue, although four distinct notions were involved in this concept, namely administrative review; public comment by public servants; more helpful institutions; and autonomous access to information in institutions. However the efforts of the Labor government during 1972-75 to implement freedom of information proposals foundered partly because issues of procedures, cost and personnel were not perceived as being salient; and the situation has not changed much since. Questions about the administration of freedom of information legislation are discussed in relation to the recommendations of the Coombs Report, and it is argued that the matter needs to be approached in new ways, one of which is through action research.