刑事诉讼中被害人的权利保障

根据我国Ⅸ刑诉法>的规定,被害人具有刑事诉讼当事人的身份,而在我国现行法律体系中,被害人权利却受到了很大限制,这些限制使被害人在刑事诉讼活动中往往处于弱势地位,他们的诉求不能通过正常的司法途径表达,继而有相当一部分被害人采用"上访""缠诉"等非正常的途径表达自己的诉求,对于社会的正常秩序造成了严重的影响.本文分析我国当...     

浅析农民利益诉求表达的现状与对策

农民利益诉求的顺畅表达是构建社会主义和谐社会、实现社会的公平正义的必然要求,对维护社会稳定有序具有重要意义。当前我国农民利益诉求的表达还存在诸多障碍,损害农民利益的事件屡有发生,为了切实维护农民权益,应该健全和完善农民利益诉求表达机制。     

让民有所求政有所应——关于海口市畅通群众利益诉求渠道的调研报告

加强制度建设,构建公众利益诉求表达的制度保障;坚持依法行政,提供拓宽群众诉求渠道的条件;运用科技手段,建立覆盖全市信息畅通的信访信息网络系统;强化社会监督,发挥大众媒体利益诉求表达的作用。畅通群众利益诉求渠道,是促进社会稳定、构建和谐社会的需要。为了深入了解海南省海口市在群众利益诉求方面的情况,市纪委、监察局专门组织课题组,就此问题进行了调研。现状及问题近年来,海口市委、市政府坚持以人为本、执政为民,把维护群众切身利益作为一切工作的出发点和落脚点,着力从体制、机制上畅通群众诉求渠道。     

论检察体系下微博诉求表达机制的规范化——以完善参与社会管理创新的手段为视角

一、诉求表达机制在社会行为中的诉求表达往往与社会个体需要在社会中实现的权利相关,而一个个体的权利总与一个或者无数个其他个体的义务相关,由于这种互为权利、义务的特殊关系,社会诉求的表达往往在表达方式以及实现途径上有特殊的限制。在司法体系中,受这种特     

“农民工”的身份位阶与法律保护

农民工在企业中处于顺应地位,在社会分配体系之中处于弱势地位,在转型社会结构中处于底层地位;农民工作为生产诸要素的合作者具有分享社会财富合理份额的诉求,作为人和公民具有享有基本权利保护的诉求,也有通过社会群体力量表达利益的诉求;农民工身份群体的利益应通过基本权利保护机制、结社机制、社会风险保障机制与行政保护机制获得实现。     

弱势群体利益诉求表达机制的困境及出路

在我国利益格局急剧调整时期,为弱势群体构建科学有效的利益诉求表达机制,给予弱势群体充分的话语权,对于缓解社会矛盾有着重要意义。因此,本文结合当前我国弱势群体的利益诉求表达机制的困境,应从人民代表大会、信访、行政诉讼、新闻媒体多方面入手完善弱势群体的利益诉求表达机制,疏通弱势群体的利益诉求表达渠道。     

法治社会表达诉求不能“任性”

吴仕春在《法制日报》上撰文认为,在法治社会中,有序表达社会诉求既是法律制度的基本内容,又是一项重要的社会治理基本原则。诉求表达是现代社会进步与完善的动力,法治社会也不例外。但诉求表达形式各有不同,有暴力与平和、干扰社会秩序与有序表达的区别。从法治社会的本质来看,表达民众诉求,应当遵循以下几个基本原则:首先,必须以有序的方式进行。在法治社会,法律制度已经深入到社会各个角落,任何公开的行为都必须     

关于正确处理群众诉求的几点思考

拓宽社情民意表达渠道,真诚倾听群众呼声,形成科学有效的诉求表达机制,依法保障人民群众诉求表达,妥善处理群众诉求,是化解社会矛盾,切实维护群众合法权益的基础。     

概念与类型法律思维之比较

概念与类型都为法律规范适用对象标准的表达形式,基于两者的不同特性,则有两种不同的法律思维形式或法律适用方法。以概念表达的对象标准通常为事实构成要件,其强调确定性、安定性,但概念思维即通常所称的逻辑涵摄,在司法裁判中过分注重事实归类或形式正义,而忽视个案正义的价值关照。以类型表达的对象标准,着重树立某种中心价值,其适用范围具有开放性。相应地,类型思维则是一种价值导向性思维,其注重规范与事实的"意义"关联,关照个案正义。对于两种思维方式的比较研究,有重大的法学方法论意义。     

论点辑要

中国现阶段的社会矛盾问题多种多样，各种利益诉求千差万别。如果从源头上寻找原因，可以发现，中国的这些社会矛盾问题主要是由于社会不公所造成的。任何偏离、损害社会公正的做法，均会不可避免地造成和加重社会矛盾问题。只有建立起公正的利益协调机制，才能消除社会各个群体之间的隔阂，最大限度地化解社会矛盾问题，从而实现社会的安全运行。这种利益协调机制的主要内容包括：其一，利益诉求表达机制。社会成员的利益诉求渠道不应是阻塞和狭窄的，应当是畅通、     

公安文书写作规律与技巧研究

公安机关奖惩性公文的写作规律和技巧。写作奖惩性公文,首先要选择文种;其次,嘉奖令、奖惩性决定和嘉奖批评性通报写作上有其共同的规律。法定公文与刑事法律文书写作特点有不同;此外,不管是向上级汇报工作、反映情况、答复上级的询问,还是向上级请求指示、批准事项,亦或是答复下级的请示事项,所使用的文种和行文要求都不同。最后,刑事法律文书写作所揭示的规律,完全可以用来指导治安法律文书的写作,当然,它们两者之间也有许多不同。     

比较法在公安文书教学中的运用

公安文书内容庞杂，文种繁多。运用比较法实施教学就会收到良好的效果。在写作基础理论上与文学写作比较，在写作特点上与行政公文比较，在写作内容上各类有联系的文种比较，通过比较寻找其中的规律，无疑能把握重点难点，提高教学质量。     

Using automated comparisons to quantify handwriting individuality

The proposition that writing profiles are unique is considered a key premise underlying forensic handwriting comparisons. An empirical study cannot validate this proposition because of the impossibility of observing sample documents written by every individual. The goal of this paper is to illustrate what can be stated about the individuality of writing profiles using a database of handwriting samples and an automated comparison procedure. In this paper, we provide a strategy for bounding the probability of observing two writers with indistinguishable writing profiles (regardless of the comparison methodology used) with a random match probability that can be estimated statistically. We illustrate computation of this bound using a convenience sample of documents and an automated comparison procedure based on Pearson's chi-squared statistic applied to frequency distributions of letter shapes extracted from handwriting samples. We also show how this bound can be used when designing an empirical study of individuality.     

Examination of the Sequence between Laser Printing and Rollerball Pen Writing Without an Intersecting Stroke

Examining the sequences of printing and writing is a significant method of determining the authenticity and validity of documents. Forensic document examiners have extensively studied crossing lines, which has produced useful information. However, the sequence for laser printing and rollerball pen writing without crossing strokes has not been studied. To solve this problem, volunteers were invited to write characters on A4 paper with different rollerball pens using two sequences. Four laser printers applied print to these sheets, and the materials were examined using an Optem A-Zoom2 video tomography microscope. Consequently, distinguishing features were noted between the materials produced in both sequences. These features might provide a scientific basis for accurately determining the sequence between laser printing and rollerball pen writing in the absence of intersecting strokes.     

正确把握朱墨时序鉴定的几个基本环节

在文书检验中,朱墨交叉顺序的判定一直是一个常见、重要的内容,对于鉴别文书的真伪具有决定性的重要意义。近年来,在科研和检案实践中发现,正确区分印章印文与书写文字的先后顺序,应掌握以下几个基本环节:有统一的技术规范作指导;检验设备应当满足技术规范要求;对字迹和印文色料与纸张结合方式进行检验;检验方法不能单一,应用多种方法相互对照应证;客观评价阳性反应的出现率和排除假阳性反应的干扰。     

A statistical approach to aid examiners in the forensic analysis of handwriting

We develop a statistical approach to model handwriting that accommodates all styles of writing (cursive, print, connected print). The goal is to compute a posterior probability of writership of a questioned document given a closed set of candidate writers. Such probabilistic statements can support examiner conclusions and enable a quantitative forensic evaluation of handwritten documents. Writing is treated as a sequence of disjoint graphical structures, which are extracted using an automated and open-source process. The graphs are grouped based on the similarity of their shapes through a K-means clustering template. A person's writing pattern can be characterized by the rate at which graphs are emitted to each cluster. The cluster memberships serve as data for a Bayesian hierarchical model with a mixture component. The rate of mixing between two parameters in the hierarchy indicates writing style.     

Distinguishing Characteristics of Robotic Writing

Advances in robotic handwriting technology create new challenges for forensic document examiners. In the past, devices such as the autopen were used to replicate signatures of government officials and corporate companies. In today's technology, companies such as Bond utilize robots to create written documents, which mimic natural patterns of handwriting. They generate customizable written samples by simulating pen movements and letter formations. Four forensic document examiners were given various reproduced questioned documents and utilized a modified ACE‐V (analysis, comparison, evaluation, verification) methodology to determine their genuineness. Examiners were able to make a distinction between the human writing samples and the skilled robotic equivalents. Several distinct features that are not seen in natural handwriting, such as even pen pressure and the superimposition of letterforms were observed in the robotic samples. Careful examination of identifying features of the Bond produced documents resulted in an opinion of nongenuineness.     

无交叉笔画状态下激光打印文字与中性笔书写文字形成时序的实验研究

目的探索无交叉笔画状态下激光打印文字与中性笔书写文字的时序特征及变化规律,以求运用于案件检验。方法以两种不同时序,请5名志愿者分别执不同中性笔在120张A4纸张上书写文字,并使用4台不同型号激光打印机打印文字,再运用奥博视频层晰显微镜对实验样本进行放大观察。结果证实在两种时序条件下制作的实验样本之间存在诸多差异性特征。结论这些差异性特征为准确判定无交叉笔画状态下激光打印文字与中性笔书写文字的时序提供了基础实验依据。     

书写方向对笔顺和笔径的影响

以反犬旁、山字为目标字,收集了1178份有效笔迹样本,其中反犬旁常见笔顺样本954份,当用常见笔顺书写反犬旁时,第一个撇笔有正反2种笔径,分性别检验山字笔顺与反犬旁第一撇的笔径的相关性,用似然比测定其相关程度。字的书写方向因子可以解释山字笔顺与反犬旁笔顺、笔径相关的结果,研究结果支持了书写能力结构的因子假说。