良性沟通来自“爱的接触”

沟通是建立共识的重要过程。以爱为出发点,才能事半功倍。人与人之间的沟通是无时无处不在的。但只有经由良性互动参与的谈话过     

媒介暴力与青少年犯罪－－媒介效果的三种模式及其启示

本文运用早期媒介社会学研究成果之一,即媒介效果的三种模式,分析了媒介暴力与青少年犯罪的关系及其互动过程.认为媒介暴力对青少年犯罪的影响有时并不是简单直接的.从更深的层次看,青少年犯罪与青少年缺乏一个健康成长的生活与学习环境有直接的关联.因此,我们不能停留于对媒介的道德谴责上,而要把预防青少年犯罪重点放在为青少年创造健康良好的生活与学习环境上,从而培养其健康的心理和健全的人格,自觉抵制媒介暴力的负面影响.     

家庭缺陷与青少年犯罪

社会、学校、家庭三方面消极因素是产生青少年犯罪的根源,而家庭缺陷则是青少年犯罪的最基本原因。家庭缺陷表现在:情感、教育、结构、文化、伦理五个方面。家庭缺陷的有无及其程序与青少年犯罪可能性大小成正比关系,家庭缺陷通过对青少年人格发展、心理性格、人生观及社会适应力的影响而致青少年走上犯罪道路。充分认识家庭在预防、减少青少年犯罪中的作用、地位,夯实婚姻基础,强化家庭教育功能,丰富家庭文化活动,建立新型文明的家庭伦理关系,对于建立和谐、幸福、康乐的家庭,预防青少年犯罪具有重要意义。     

学生针对教师的极端校园暴力引发的教育反思

本文就学生针对教师的极端校网暴力事件进行了教育的反思,主要从三方面讨论了校园暴力和教育对策。从学生发展的角度来看,需要关注青少年的心理发展特点,并且要处理好教育与学生发展的关系。从教师发展的角度来看,重点关注教师的专业化发展,以及树立和维护教师的威信。从师生关系的角度来看,师生冲突与学生的暴力行为有关,师生需要积极应对冲突,关键还在于构建和谐理性的师生关系,才能建设和谐校园和平安校园。     

和平发展时期“两岸政治关系”理论内涵与实践路径探讨

和平发展时期“两岸政治关系”理论内涵包括两岸之间政治对立、政治互动、政治互信、政治定位与政治合作等，这五方面关系总体上是逐步递进关系，如在存在政治对立情况下开启政治互动，通过政治互动增进政治互信，并在此基础上面对与处理政治定位，最后开启政治合作；同时这五方面也存在彼此促进、互为条件关系，如在政治互信基础上开展良性政治互动，反过来会增进政治互信；如果政治定位能得到妥善处理，政治互动会更顺畅，政治互信会更强化，政治合作也能深入开展。“合情合理安排”“两岸政治关系”路径包括双方协商、平等协商、务实协商与公权力协商。     

“中国需要世界世界需要中国——中国与外部世界关系的新变化”国际研讨会征文启事

改革开放30年来,中国的面貌发生了历史性巨变,中国与外部世界的关系站在了新的历史起点上。外部世界如何看待日新月异的中国?中国如何看待日益全球化的世界?如何才能与国际社会良性互动并推动建设和谐     

政府公信力在公众质疑中逐渐实现

政府的公信力是政府实现社会管理和社会服务的重要保证.一个政府如果在公信力方面有缺失,就会给政府的工作造成极大的困难.而如果一个政府基本上丧失了公信力,那么这个政府就会面临合法性的危机.然而政府公信力的建立并不是靠政府单方面的努力就可以做到的,政府公信力的建立是政府与公众不断互动的复杂过程.因此,考察政府公信力的建立过程必须以政府与公众的关系及其互动为切入点. 政府与公众的关系很像市场中的交易关系.     

情感互动仪式链下的流动青少年犯罪问题探究——基于家庭在情感互动中的融入性研究

家庭作为一个微观情境，其互动沟通的程度会影响到子女的情感行动，且高度的情感能量会获得丰厚的情感投入报酬，因此家庭中的情感互动对于流动青少年的社会化行动起着举足轻重的作用。尽管如此，家庭中情感互动和情感能量所发挥的强大作用却受到学术界的忽视。本次研究旨在以柯林斯的互动仪式链理论和情感社会学为理论主线，从家庭情感互动缺失的角度探析流动青少年的犯罪问题，并对流动青少年的犯罪行为进行家庭因素的归因分析，突出家庭中的情感互动及情感能量作用机制在预防流动青少年犯罪问题中的重要性。     

从内政与外交互动的角度看新中国的外交战略与经济建设的发展

内政与外交是彼此关联、息息相关的。我国建国后外交分别有"一边倒"、"两条线"、"一条线"和不结盟、开放的四个外交时期,从内政与外交互动的关系来看,我们可以从中得出三点经验与启示,即:必须正确处理好政治、经济与外交三者的关系;在制定对外政策和开展外交工作时,国家利益高于一切;必须正确处理好内政外交的辩证关系,促进对外战略与国内发展形成良性互动。     

制度变迁的正义之维

社会成员对制度运行的正义性判断往往会成为社会能否良性运行的前提,社会成员对制度变迁的正义认同在很大程度上将会决定社会秩序的好坏。通过梳理制度变迁的正义价值,马克思主义理论视阈中强调公平与效率兼顾并良性互动的制度正义理念方能真正体现制度正义的应然价值。社会主义经济制度变迁的基本诉求就在于真正达致制度的应然正义,谋求公平与效率关系的最优解,实现公平与效率关系的制度内统一。     

Power and transformational and transactional leadership in public and private organizations

Ten public and 35 private organizations located in Central New York State participated in a university- sponsored research project to study the effects of organizational characteristics upon types of leadership (transformational/transactional) and power demonstrated by supervisors. Public sector organizations in which managers had low control over rewards were compared to private sector organizations in which managers had high control over rewards.

Followers perceived public sector supervisors as more inspirational by their followers and they used more active management-by-exception behavior than those in private organizations. Private sector supervisors had more reward, legitimate and coercive power than supervisors in public sector organizations.     

Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians and why Novorossiya failed

This article discusses two inter-related issues. Firstly, the factors lying behind Russia's fervent belief that its Novorossiya (New Russia) project, aimed to bring back to Russia eight oblasts of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv, Dnipro, Zaporizhhya, Odesa, Mykolayiv, and Kherson in eastern and southern Ukraine and launched during the 2014 “Russian Spring,” would be successful. Russian identity misunderstood, and continues to misunderstand, Ukraine and Ukrainians through stereotypes and myths of Ukraine as an “artificial state” and Ukraine's Russian speakers as “fraternal brothers” and Russians and Ukrainians as “one people” (odin narod). Secondly, why Ukrainian national identity was different than these Russian stereotypes and myths and how this led to the failure of the Novorossiya project. Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians came face to face with the reality of Russian-speaking Ukrainian patriotism and their low support for the Russkij Mir (Russian World). The article compares Russian stereotypes and myths of Ukraine and Ukrainians with how Ukrainians see themselves to explain the roots of the 2014 crisis, “Russian Spring,” and failure of Russian President Vladimir Putin's Novorossiya project.     

Natural Resources and Small Island Economies: Mauritius and Trinidad and Tobago

Abstract

Historically, small economies, especially resource-rich ones, underperformed on average relative to their larger counterparts. Small island economies appear still more disadvantaged due to remoteness from both markets and agglomeration economies. Yet a comparison of two small island economies with similar initial conditions other than their mineral endowment suggests that policy outweighs size, isolation and resource endowment in determining economic performance. Resource-poor Mauritius adopted an unfashionable policy of export manufacturing that systematically eliminated surplus labour, which drove economic diversification that sustained rapid GDP growth and political maturation. Like most resource-rich economies, Trinidad and Tobago pursued policies that absorbed rent too rapidly, which impeded diversification and created an illusory prosperity vulnerable to collapse.     

Country size and economic growth and development

This paper attempts to provide limited empirical evidence on the nature of the relationship between country size and rates of economic growth and levels of economic development, and on the possible effects of trade concentration and dependence on trade on this relationship. It suggests that there is no discernible association between country size and economic development, nor between country size and economic growth, and that neither the dependence on trade of small countries nor their commodity and geographic export concentration are necessarily important factors in economic growth and economic development.     

Government and Corruption: Scylla and Charybdis

Using public sector employment and corruption perception data for 72 countries across the world, this article demonstrates that despite common notion countries with “smaller” governments do not tend to have lower corruption. Under general assumptions, one can demonstrate that there is an optimal size of public sector employment corresponding to the highest capital intensity. The model has several implications: lower optimal sizes of governments for labor intensive countries and higher sizes for capital intensive ones, possibility to reduce corruption paying a cost of suboptimal output, and a higher “price” of an oversized government for labor intensive countries.     

“两抢”犯罪的趋势与防控

根据最近16年的统计数据，我国“两抢”犯罪总体呈上升态势，且出现多方面的特点。当前，影响“两抢”犯罪变化趋势的因素主要有：社会管理机制完善的程度、社会成员之间收入的差距、“两抢”犯罪主体特点、社会成员的防范意识以及公安机关的防控机制等。预防“两抢”犯罪需要整个社会尤其是公安机关的共同努力。     

Earnings and ethnicity in Trinidad and Tobago

This study employs 1993 Continuous Sample Survey of the Population (CSSP) data for Trinidad and Tobago to investigate the determinants of earnings by ethnicity. The data, organised into three ethnic groupings, reveal lower levels of remuneration in the labour market for Africans and Indians than for individuals of other ethnicities taken as a whole. While the larger portion of the earnings differentials generally appears to be explained by ethnic differences in characteristics valued by the labour market, Africans and Indians would benefit substantially if they were to receive the same rates of remuneration for their educational endowments as workers of other ethnicities in the Trinidad and Tobago labour market. Notwithstanding Indians’ lowest average earnings, Africans appear more likely to be discriminated against.     

现代化与未成年人犯罪

未成人犯罪随着现代化的发展而发展，这可以说是一种国际现象。在现代化进程中，我国未成年人犯罪大量增多的原因在于：未成年人生理、心理发展不平衡，家庭教育存在缺失，学校教育存在不足，社会上存在着很多消极因素。在现代化进程中，必须采取有效对策，控制未成年人犯罪增多，才能保障未成年人健康成长。