共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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目的 筛选血痕中与其形成时间(time since deposition,TSD)具有相关性的RNA生物标志物并构建血痕形成时间推断模型。方法 从文献筛选12个候选RNA生物标志物(ALAS2、B2M、HBA、HBB、PPIA、ACTB、GAPDH、SPTB、SNORD24、SNORD38B、5S rRNA、18S rRNA),以let-7g-5p为内参基因,利用实时荧光定量PCR(Quantitative Real-time PCR,RT-qRCR)技术检测10名健康无关个体在7个时间节点的70份血痕样本,候选RNA生物标志物在0~180 d范围内的相对表达丰度,筛选与形成时间相关性高的RNA生物标志物,以此构建用于血痕形成时间推断的多元线性回归模型并验证。结果 通过GraphPad Prism和SPSS Statistic 22软件对候选RNA生物标志物的?Cq值(?Cq=Cq生物标志物–Cq let-7g-5p)进行正态分布分析和相关性分析,确认PPIA、ACTB、GAPDH、ALAS2、B2M、HBA、18S rRNA和HBB这8个R... 相似文献
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目的检测血痕中β-actin mRNA和18S rRNA在人体死后8~15d期间的表达残留,为推断血痕形成时间寻找新的客观依据。方法在上述时段内每天抽提血痕总RNA,利用实时定量RT-PCR技术监测18S rRNA和β-actin mRNA的扩增状况并对产物进行定量分析,通过检测18S rRNA与β-actin mRNA含量在各个时间点的变化趋势来推测血痕形成时间。结果死后8~15 d时段内18S rRNA与β-actinmRNA量的比值呈明显升高趋势,显示出两种不同类型RNA降解的时间差异性。结论一定时段内18SrRNA与β-actin mRNA量的相对变化,可作为推测血痕形成时间的参考指标。 相似文献
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在法医学鉴定中经常需要对骨折形成时间进行鉴定,因此,研究和探讨骨折形成时间的评定方法有着重要的临床及法医学意义.本文综述了超声测量、脉冲测定、数字影像学技术和骨密度检测技术等在评估骨折愈合程度中的应用及其价值.认为综合利用多种评定手段,能为骨折形成时间的法医学鉴定提供科学依据. 相似文献
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目的开发可用于法医病理学损伤时间推断临案的金标Fn-EIIIA单克隆抗体试纸条。方法选取两种敏感、特异的片段特异性Fn-EIIIA单克隆抗体,ELISA方法进行效价观察,标记胶体金后分别采用渗滤法及层析法检测其效果,抽提阳性对照中目标蛋白进行初步测评,并以大鼠皮肤损伤模型进行验证。结果两种单克隆抗体均可用于Fn-EIIIA肽段的金标法检测,以IST9搭配Fn多抗效果最佳;正常皮肤组织样本中试纸条检测线不显色,损伤3h后显色,随损伤时间延长,染色逐渐加深。结论该试纸条可靠性、可重复性以及可操作性均佳,可望在法医学损伤时间推断有广阔的应用。 相似文献
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根据胃排空的情况进行死亡时间的推断是法医学常用方法,但有时会出现一定的误差,本文对5例胃排空显著延缓的案例进行分析,探讨提高其准确性的方法。 相似文献
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《Science & justice》2020,60(3):263-272
Recent advances in forensic science, especially the use of DNA technology, have revealed that faulty forensic analyses may have contributed to miscarriages of justice. In this study we build on recent research on the general public’s perceptions of the accuracy of 10 forensic science techniques and of each stage in the investigation process. We find that individuals in the United States hold a pessimistic view of the forensic science investigation process, believing that an error can occur about half of the time at each stage of the process. We find that respondents believe that forensics are far from perfect, with accuracy rates ranging from a low of 55% for voice analysis to a high of 83% for DNA analysis, with most techniques being considered between 65% and 75% accurate. Nevertheless, respondents still believe that forensic evidence is a key part of a criminal case, with nearly 30% of respondents believing that the absence of forensic evidence is sufficient for a prosecutor to drop the case and nearly 40% believing that the presence of forensic evidence – even if other forms of evidence suggest that the defendant is not guilty – is enough to convict the defendant. 相似文献
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司法精神病学是法学的一个分支学科,其诞生和演变与法学的主旋律始终保持一致。精神障碍者刑事责任能力问题是司法精神病学的主要构成部分,英国1843年的麦克·纳顿条例是专门就精神障碍者刑事责任能力问题的法律规定,它对英美法系和大陆法系国家的相关立法都产生了巨大深远的影响。美国最近20多年处理违法精神病人的法律改革对现代诸国的司法精神病学完善具有相当大的影响力,所以研究英美两个国家这一方面的司法精神病学的历史和现状对推动我国司法精神病学的进步意义重大。 相似文献
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Lee J. Curley Ph.D. James Munro Ph.D. Martin Lages Ph.D. Rory MacLean Ph.D. Jennifer Murray Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(2):354-360
In recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated that forensic examiners can be biased by task-irrelevant contextual information. However, concerns relating to methodological flaws and ecological validity attenuate how much the current body of knowledge can be applied to real-life operational settings. The current review takes a narrative approach to synthesizing the literature across forensic science. Further, the review considers three main issues: (i) primary research on contextual bias within forensic science; (ii) methodological criticisms of this research; (iii) an alternative perspective that task-irrelevant contextual information does not always lead to error. One suggestion for future research is outlined, which is that studies on contextual bias in forensic decisions should be conducted in collaboration between forensic scientists and cognitive psychologists. Only then can rigorous and ecological valid experiments be created that will be able to assess how task-irrelevant contextual information influences forensic analysis and judgments in operationally valid settings. 相似文献