The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and China's Protection of the Right to Education of the Persons with Disabilities

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities effective in 2008 explicitly stipulates that Member States shall guarantee that people with disabilities enjoy the right to education free from discrimination and without prejudice to equal opportunities.The Chinese government made amendments to the Law of the People s Republic of China on the Protection of Persons with disabilities and the Regulation on the Education of the Persons with Disabilities and issued a series of rules on the Education of the Persons with Disabilities so as to actively implement the Convention. In recent years,the number and proportion of children with disabilities who receive education in China and the number of students with disabilities receiving high school and higher education have been on the rise annually.However, there is still a gap in the level of education on all stages between persons with disabilities and persons without, presenting a huge challenge for the achievement of the right to education of persons with disabilities. We should continue to actively fulfill the obligations prescribed by the Convention to protect the right to education, explore the construction of integrated education, support the maintenance system,strive to improve the quality of special education,allocate resources for the education of persons with disabilities, and emphasize the appraisal of the education of persons with disabilities.     

Revision of Regulations on Education for Persons with Disabilities: Concept Innovation and System Improvement

In January 2017, the State Council of the People's Republic of China revised and adopted the Regulations on Education for Persons with Disabilities The revision, which adapts to the new situation brought by the education reform and development in China, highlights the basic and key role of education for persons with disabilities in helping them to integrate into the society and participate in social life It updates the concept of education for persons with disabilities and improves various systems which ensure the right of persons with disabilities to education The revision and implementation of the Regulations is important for the promotion of education for persons with disabilities, the improvement of the entire education law system and the innovation of concepts of educational development.     

Guarantee of Individualized Education Right for Children with Disabilities in China: A Study on the Compulsory Education Stage

The Regulation on the Education of Persons with Disabilities, which came into effect in 2017, stipulates for the first time disabled children's right to individualized education, clarifies the subjects who determine and influence the individualized education that disabled children receive, and determines the procedures for disabled children to receive individualized education. However, compared to the subjects that determine disabled children's right to individualized education and procedural provisions as stipulated in the U.S. laws such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990, the Regulation on the Education of Persons with Disabilities in China has some problems, including inadequate participation of disabled children and their parents and incomplete relief settlement mechanism. China should further improve the legal provisions relating to disabled children's right to individualized education, and safeguard the right of participation and the right to relief of disabled children and their parents.     

Protection of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Under the Framework of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a manifesto for the rights of the disabled. It establishes the values and concepts, the guidelines for action, and the system of rules for the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities worldwide. As one of the main drafting countries and the first signatories of the Convention, China has been actively implementing the principles of the Convention and faithfully fulfilling the responsibilities of a signatory party, and has made great achievements in building up its legal system, policy and culture. However, compared with the goals of the Convention, there still exist some gaps in rights awareness, social environment and related systems. Guided by the spirit of the Convention, and taking into account China's national conditions, the country will continue to cultivate its human rights culture, upgrade its capability to provide public services for people with disabilities, improve the construction of barrier-free environments, guarantee the full realization of the survival, development and participation rights of the disabled, and establish a new mode of protecting the human rights of persons with disabilities in China.     

Challenges and New Directions of Information Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in China: From the Perspective of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Accessibility is the basis and prerequisite for persons with disabilities to enjoy and exercise all human rights and fundamental freedoms With the rapid development of the internet, providing and promoting information accessibility is considered an important obligation for the State In the process of transforming international human rights law into domestic law, how to deal with the human rights protection of persons with disabilities and the obligations of the private sector to ensure persons with disabilities receive services and products that meet the requirements and principles of information accessibility has become a development issue in the new era Against the backdrop of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and in the context of the booming development of the cause of persons with disabilities in China, legal scholars, persons with disabilities, and organizations have jointly proposed the Beijing Initiative on the Principles of Information Accessibility for Science and Technology Products It clarifies that the private sector should embrace the human rights model advocated by the Convention in terms of information accessibility, and provide equal participation for persons with disabilities in the process of designing, producing and selling scientific and technological products The Initiative also states that the private sector should keep pace with the United Nation's sustainable development goals and the basic national policy of building a well-to-do society in an all round way, ensuring persons with disabilities are included within a moderately well-off society It also provides civil opinions on the formulation and clarification of relevant laws in the future.     

Significance of Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Its Impact on Matters Related to Persons with Disabilities in China

On December 13, 2006, the 61th UN General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. This is the first legally binding international instrument dedicated to the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and the latest effort by the international community     

How China Protects the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

China prioritizes the rights to survival and to development both in abstract terms and in practical terms in its human rights efforts. As early as the United Nations began to draft the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, China maintained that the right to development should be part of human rights. In the implementation of the Convention, China focuses on the people's livelihood, passes laws and makes policies that protect disability rights, and even prioritizes the protection as part of its economic and social development initiatives, particularly poverty reduction and the effort to make China into a moderately prosperous society. In the international community, China advocates the inclusion of disability rights into international development agendas, and plays a leading role in the implementation of the United Nations' Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. China's unique way of protecting disability rights aptly demonstrates the country's efforts to realize the right to development for its people.     

The “Transcendental” Interpretation of the Concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Its Implementation in China

The concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind provides new theoretical support for the special protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is innovative in terms of its purposes and principles, logic and technology, and the actual implementation of the contracting parties, which is unique in the field of international human rights law. It is a "transcendental" interpretation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and enhances the ethical values of international human rights law. The development of the cause of persons with disabilities in China is positively influenced by the values reflected in the concept of a community of shared Future for mankind and meanwhile highlights them, which provides "Chinese experiences" for the international cause of persons with disabilities.     

The inner “I”

SUMMARY

Many community psychologists have the educational and professional backgrounds which make them potentially valuable resources for the disabilities field. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and the reauthorized Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) call for greater community inclusion, empowerment, and self-determination for persons with disabilities. Community psychologists with interests in these concepts, as well as in interdisciplinary training, collaboration, community-driven research, and political action are needed as leaders in the disabilities field. This paper explores the development of one community psychologist's career working with persons who have disabilities and the institutions that support them.     

Protection of the Rights and Interests of Persons with Disabilities in China: Ideas,System and Challenges

People under the interpretation of Chinese culture have multiple values It emphasizes not only people in the collective sense, but also individuals in the individual meaning According to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, respecting and protecting the dignity and rights of persons with disabilities is the duty of the State and the whole of society, and one of the core values of the Constitution The protection system for the rights and interests of persons with disabilities in China has basically taken shape, with positive progress in the protection of the right to rehabilitation, the right to education, and the right to employment However, there are different challenges We should continue to promote the rule of law for persons with disabilities and build a more complete system for the protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities.     

Transportation Challenges for Urban Students With Disabilities: Parent Perspectives

This qualitative study explored parent perspectives of the transportation difficulties students with disabilities experienced getting to and around school. Participants were parents of predominantly African American and Latino/a high school youth with disabilities from low income neighborhoods. Content analysis of 14 meetings with 5 to 12 parents sponsored by the school district revealed five primary themes concerning transportation: the role of aides, exclusion from school programming, scheduling problems, equipment problems, and physical safety issues. Findings are discussed in regard to students' social and emotional experiences at school. Implications for school policy include improving the integration of transportation within inclusion best practice models. Incorporating parent perspectives can help school administrators and staff enrich the quality of inclusive, socially just education for students with disabilities.     

Multidisciplinary Research on the Disability Rights——The More the Better

Studies on the rights of persons with disabilities are typical of multidisciplinary research In recent years,following the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in particular,studies of the rights of the disabled have presented the following trends and features:diverse research angles,the expanding of the depth and width of research; a focus on personal experience and cultural interpretation; a concern for the impacts of multiple identities on the realization of individual rights; and a stress on empirical,participatory and emancipatory research Multidisciplinary disability right research is now at a preliminary stage and it is worth further development so as to promote the disability cause in China     

Characteristics of “Reasonable Accommodation” and its Application in Employment in China

Both reasonable accommodation and accessibility are crucial concepts in the UN Convent ion on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Those two concepts promote each other and should develop as a whole State parties of the Convention undertake immediate obligations to ensure the provision of reasonable accommodation, which has advantages such as characteristics of subjective rights, individualization, justiciability and convenience, making it a flexible tool for the protection of rights It can serve as a supplement to insufficient accessibility and play a unique role in other areas which are irrelevant to accessibility, so as to satisfy the special needs of certain subjects to the largest extent The State Party has an ex ante and progressive obligations to the realization of the accessibility construction, which has advantages of comman design, large scale, economization and no need for individualization consideration In China, various forms of reasonable accommodation have been applied in employment, but they have disadvantages of contingency, randomness, simplicity and lack of systematic support In the process of further promoting the employment of people with disabilities in China, in addition to strengthening accessibility construction, we must fully understand and flexibly adopt reasonable accommodation.     

论高职院校和谐德育体系之构建

高职院校是我国高等教育的重要组成部分,构建和谐德育体系是高职院校人才培养目标的本质要求。在构建过程中,要牢固树立和谐德育体系理念,坚定指导思想,认真分析高职院校德育工作现状,不断创新德育工作的机制和方式方法。     

警察体育与警务技能辨析

警察体育是一种健全警察身体的基础教育活动,是发展警察体能、增进其身心健康、提高其工作效率和生活质量的体育训练活动,具有体育科学和体育教育的属性。警务技能是一种增强警察职业技术的能力的应用教育活动,是警察掌握职业技术,增强实战技能,提高战术意识,满足警务活动需求的技能训练活动,具有应用学科和应用教育的属性。前者是以身体教育为目标的基础教育,后者是以职业教育为目标的应用教育。两者既有鲜明的共性,又有各自的特征。     

The Centennial History and Significance of the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Persons with Disabilities by the Communist Party of China

The Communist Party of China has been concerned with the protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities since its founding.in the period of the new democratic Revolution and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it adopted a series of protective measures in various forms in line with local conditions.Since the reform and opening-up, the cause of persons with disabilities has developed in an all-around way under the leadership of the CPC.especially since the 18th national Congress of the Communist Party of China, the protection of human rights for persons with disabilities has been innovatively developed, and persons with disabilities have been truly participating in social affairs and share the country's development gains as equal subjects of rights.The centennial history of the Party's protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities shows that the CPC's ideas of human rights protection consecutively comprise humanitarian assistance, humanitarian protection, and people-centered human rights protection.The main identity of persons with disabilities has changed from the object of protection during the revolution to the object of medical care and social welfare, and the subject of human rights.The content of protection of rights and interests has developed from survival assistance to comprehensive protection including education, rehabilitation, employment, etc.The dignity, autonomy, equality, and social participation of persons with disabilities as the subject of human rights have become increasingly prominent.     

新时期中国女子高等教育发展问题探讨

该文指出,学习先进国家女子高校办学理念和方针,进一步加强全民基础教育,关注贫困落后地区教育设施与资源的建设配备,促进教育平等政策的贯彻落实,并在此基础上重视发展女子高等教育,在中国新时期发展规划中有着深远意义。     

浅析警察职业教育课程改革

警察职业教育课程的改革,应涵盖教学计划,教学大纲,教学材料、教辅资料,实验实训、见习、实习方案,教学评价方法等内容。警察职业教育应定位于实践导向课程模式,教学内容突出实战案例运用,教学训练方法采用实战情境和实战活动,注重隐性课程的作用和变革课程评价模式,警察职业教育课程体系应体现战、训、学三者的一体化,实现警察职业教育培养、训练应用型人才这一根本目标。     

家庭教育中“破坏性教育”的现象及对策探究

目前家庭对教育投资的比重在逐步地增加，家长也开始充分利用家庭教育的得天独厚的有利平台，不断去挖掘有利于孩子健康成长的教育资源。然而很多家长在对子女的教育过程中，因没有科学的理论方法做指导，普遍存在着“破坏性教育”的现象。这种“破坏性教育”不仅没有起到教育的目的，反而给孩子身心的健康成长带来了诸多的弊端。有效地利用好家庭教育这内在的宝贵资源，避免“破坏性教育”的发生，是家庭教育急需解决的问题、，本文根据实证研究，对“破坏性教育”的现象进行分析，并提出解决家庭教育问题的对策。     

School Problems and Solutions for Students With Disabilities: A Qualitative Examination

The inclusion of students with disabilities is a process that requires collaboration among multiple individuals, with teachers, aides, parents, students, and school systems playing important roles in resolving student problems. In the current study, we examined data from 75 teachers concerning 126 students about problems that students with disabilities had following a transition from a school primarily serving students with disabilities to more inclusive schools. Reported problems were reviewed and five major themes emerged: academic, behavioral, mobility/accessibility, social, and transportation issues. Teachers typically resolved academic problems by working directly with the student or collaborating with school staff. Social problems were resolved through student and teacher initiatives. Behavioral, transportation, and mobility/accessibility problems were resolved through collaboration among many key school figures and family members. Implications for theory, research, and inclusive school practices related to academic curricula, resources, services, and architectural accommodations for students with disabilities are discussed.