Hermeneutic Thinking on the Subject of Human Rights: Four Perspectives

from the view of human rights hermeneutics, the interpretation of the human rights subject can be understood as the philosophical foundation of human rights.as the rights of "ego" and "another", human rights will be rid of the supreme power of the "God" and "nation", while it dooms the dilemma of solipsism and hegemony.as the right of "the Other", human rights will correspond to the reality of political pluralism, however that theory appears to be too deconstructive and may lead to human rights nihilism.By accepting the continuity between individuality and community, a more feasible and non-exclusive approach is to adopt the idea of "Self" to better understand the nature of human rights, thus avoiding extreme human rights universality and relativism.     

Human Rights as Unique Rights——an analysis of Raz's Political Concept of human Rights

The practice of international human rights has led to the development of the political notion of human rights in contemporary times and triggered the theoretical reflection on "what are human rights " The natural rights view, which is based on human nature, regards human rights as universal moral rights owned by everyone against all others.holding a different perspective from the natural rights view, Raz, the representative of the political notion of human rights, bases his view on the political function of human rights in restricting national sovereignty in international practice and defines human rights as the legal rights enjoyed by everyone against the country since the end of the World War ii, which should be enforced by fair and reliable international institutions.Unavoidably, Raz's concept of human rights has been subject to questioning and criticism by natural right theorists.The controversy around Raz's concept of human rights shows that: on one hand, the Western academic circle has not readied a basic consensus on the understanding of human rights based on international human rights practice; on the other hand, it deeply reveals the theoretical need for the international community to reach a basic consensus on international human rights practice in the historical context of the changing international legal order.     

A “People-centered” Approach: The Chinese Deciphering of the Human Rights Theory

The contemporary Chinese human rights theory can be deciphered based on the "people-centered" concept. "Putting people in the center " is an approach to deve lopment,a concept of governance and a ruling orientation,and it is the idea shaping of the governing party,the ideological guideline for administrative organs and the principle of action for relevant personnel.The human rights system is thoughts,theories,systems and practice proposed by social groups and individuals to the social authority,especially the resource provider,around the basic demands for subsistence and development.Fundamentally speaking,the "people-centered" approach and the human rights system,though belonging to different political ethics and political philosophy fields,share many common points or similarities in their specific way of existence and operation process.Therefore,there is coherence between the "people-centered" approach and human rights,and there is systematic compatibility between the human rightsbased way of thinking and the people-centered governing concept.The two approaches share many commonalities in the implementation measures and actions,both requiring the integration of concepts,norms,systems and actions.The deciphering helps China to provide wisdom and marke contributions in enriching world human rights theories.     

Human Rights Connotations and Contemporary Values of Traditional Chinese People-Based Thinking

The time-honored traditional Chinese minben(people-based) thinking has rich implications for human rights. The concepts of min and minben are much in line with their contemporary counterparts of "human" and "people orientation". Upholding the belief of "people as the foundation of states", minben advocates the fundamental political status of the people, and requires leaders to implement "people-oriented" policies. Its encapsulation of the theoretical foundation and basic requirements for the protection of human rights enabled it to promote the protection of people's livelihoods and civil rights in ancient China. Its sublimation in contemporary China has had, and will continue to have, a far-reaching impact on the development of human rights in China.     

The Counterterrorism Mechanism Integrated into Human Rights

Through investigation and analysis of the counterterrorism operations carried out both at home and abroad, we can draw some initial conclusions on their effectiveness.By its very nature, counterterrorism should be recognized as an integral part of human rights rather than a legal or political mechanism apart from human rights.The serious conflict between the counterterrorism measures and other human rights protection measures results from the scarcity of resources, to which different countries and international community should pay serious attention.Counterterrorism measures should both advance with the times and fully leverage modern technological means.The development idea of a community with a shared future for human beings helps us identify the development direction and fundamental principles of the counterterrorism system .     

On the Positioning,Contents, and Methodology of Human Rights Law Study

The ideal model of human rights law studies shall be one that is open and comprehensive. On the basis of normative legal studies, it shall pay more attention to and respond to political, economic, and social development in a wide range of human rights issues. These studies should attempt to find practical solutions to concrete problems. Human rights law should be a relatively independent legal discipline, and it should be a problem-oriented object of study. Regarding the research methodologies, human rights law could encompass all aspects of legal studies, and go beyond legal them to some extent to encompass the influence of other disciplines.     

Historical Conditions and Experiences Summary of China's Human Rights Development Path Since the Founding of the PRC

Since the founding of the People's republic of china, the path of human rights development in china has been based on national liberation and state sovereignty.The practice of human rights protection in the 30 years before the launch of reform and opening-up accumulated the conditions for the practice after the launch of reform and opening-up.reform and opening-up have provided the great motivation and opportunity for the development of human rights in china.against the background of international practice, china's human rights development path, since the founding of the People's republic of china, has been developed in the fight against human rights diplomacy that interferes in china's internal affairs with human rights used as a political tool.it has gone through the process from evasion to passive counterattacks, and then actively participating and playing a leading role.The 70 years' development of human rights in china shows that human rights progress is highly dependent on the country's construction of the rule of law, and the coordinated and comprehensive promotion of human rights protection policies promotes the overall progress of the human rights.in order to promote human rights with development, the transition from the top-down path to the combination of top-down and down-top path is suggested.     

China and the International Human Rights System: From Passive Participation to Value Practice

China's participation in the international human rights system is mainly attributed to China's reform and opening-up since1978.The most important influence of the international human rights system on China is the change of the Chinese government's governing philosophy,the awakening of domestic people 's rights awareness,the popularization and deepening of human rights concept and human rights awareness.However,China's participation in the international human rights system is not completely passive.China's participation in the international human rights system is both a strategic issue and an inevitable result of domestic political choice.It reflects China's understanding of human rights from a formal recognition to a major change in value recognition.There is a process of mutual influence,interaction and mutual recognition between China and the international human rights system.While learning and internalizing existing international human rights norms,and adjusting its behaviors with existing international human rights norms,China is also affecting the evolution of the international human rights system with its human rights stance,human rights views and its capabilities of continuous growth.     

史中“人道”推市场建议重申人道主义和人权史

人道主义和人权是适应和保护市场经济的意识形态和政治理念,具有克服"异化"现象,促使市场经济健康发展、人类全面进步的功能。但我们在这个问题上仍存在错误或过时的认识。因此,我们应从推进中国社会市场经济体制的深化和完善出发,从保障人权及人的全面发展出发,立基于"人权条款"入宪的新态势,把中外人道主义和人权思想史列为重点项目,深入研究。     

Interpretation of the Concept of the Right to Internet Access from the Perspective of International Law

The advent of the internet era breeds a new concept, namely, the right to internet access. Many countries and international organizations, as well as individuals, are advocating or have already embodied it as a basic human right, thus enhancing the issues of whether it should be incorporated into the macro system of international human rights. By analyzing the facts, this article points out that the international concept of the right to internet access should be distinguished from its domestic concept, for there are no legal sources about the right to internet access for guidance as with some treaties in the current international law, despite its close relationship with some existing rights such as the freedom of speech, press and assembly, or the right of equality, or the right to development. And there is still a long time before the legal value and related responsibilities as well as the boundaries about the right to internet access becomes a consensus in the international society. Even though there is quite a possibility, this right hasn't been embodied as part of international human rights, and thus hasn't made a legal concept in international human right law.     

新型政党制度的政治功能及其治理优势——基于中国民主政治内在规定性的分析

国家权力来自人民是现代民主政治的核心理念。如何实现人民的选择,保障人民权利成为民主政治发展的重大关切。中国民主政治类属于人民民主,其价值理念与历史实践内在赋予了执政党以领导核心地位,并要求以民主集中制为组织原则,实现广泛、真实的民主。中国新型政党制度作为中国民主政治的一项基本制度安排,在利益代表、政治参与和民主监督等政治功能方面与民主政治的规定性要素相契合,并在实践过程中体现出政治平衡、政治稳定、政治整合的显著治理优势,为社会主义民主政治发展与国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设奠定稳固基础。     

马克思劳动权利思想的内涵及其启示——基于《资本论》的文本分析

作为马克思主义政治哲学的核心范畴,权利在《资本论》中被核心表征为了劳动权利。马克思通过对劳动所有权的权能分离、劳动权利与资本权力的冲突展开对劳动权利的阐释,完成了对劳动权利的核心内涵的事实判断。也正是基于这一指认,马克思在《资本论》中以劳动权利的未来图景为启示,搭建了以保障劳动权利的劳工权益为手段,以劳动权利的价值评价为目的的框架,以期使劳动权利获得自由的价值从而实现人的自由全面发展。     

Tibet in My Eyes——Foreign Scholars' Take on Tibet's Social Development and Human Rights Protection

TIBET'S human rights issues always draw global attention and Western anti-China forces often use this topic as an excuse to stigmatize China.Nevertheless,misinforma-tion for the purpose of political interference can never be construed as facts.Through their field in-spections and long-term in-depth research,experts and scholars worldwide,who truly care about Tibet's development and respect Tibetan culture,have more objective evaluations of the status quo of Tibet's so-cial development and human rights protection,than politicians.     

试析社会稳定的范畴

维持社会稳定与经济发展、人权保障一样,是政治的重要目标之一.在当代社会,社会稳定与宪法自由、经济发展及社会共识密切相关.社会稳定同时是一种深刻的文化要求或政治思维方式,在某一文化中被认为是有助于社会稳定的行为,在另一文化中可能被视为对稳定的巨大威胁.     

中国共产党对推进中国人权事业的伟大贡献

人权的根本问题 ,是人在自然界和人类社会的生存权和发展权 ,亦即人类真正掌握自己命运的权利。人类对自己命运的掌握是同人类自身的生存、发展和完善紧密相连的 ,这包括政治、经济、文化、教育等诸多方面。中国共产党领导人民从自己的历史和国情出发 ,根据长期的实践经验 ,形成了具有广泛、公平、真实特性的人权理论 ,并在革命和建设过程中付之实践 ,从而极大地推进了中国的人权建设事业。     

略论努力推进政治建设和政治体制改革

社会主义社会是物质文明、政治文明和精神文明全面进步的社会。发展社会主义民主政治 ,建设社会主义政治文明 ,使社会主义民主更加完善 ,社会主义法制更加完备 ,依法治国基本方略得到全面落实 ,人民的政治、经济和文化权益得到切实尊重和保障     

人民主权：政治制度文明的本质体现

人民主权是人们一直追求着的社会政治文明的准则,体现了社会政治制度的本质。然而,实现真正意义上的人民主权,只有在社会主义制度建立以后,人民代表大会制度的确立,才在人类历史上第一次得到真正的体现。人民当家作主确立了人民是国家的主人,表明人民享有广泛的权利和自由,体现了社会主义政治文明。完善人民代表大会制度,是人民当家作主的可靠保证。     

侦查制度结构分析及其改革要略

中国司法改革的话语背景中,侦查制度虽然是一个被边缘化的话语对象,却也是一个不应回避的话语领域。在结构主义理论视野中,侦查制度的基本关系是事实与规范、权力与权利、犯罪控制与自由保障、集中侦查与分散侦查、一般化侦查与专门化侦查、政治手段与法律程序等要素的矛盾对立。中国侦查制度存在侦查权力根本主导程序进程、犯罪控制目标过于优先、职业化程度相对不足等问题。结合我国当前政治任务和经济发展等社会条件背景,改革我国侦查制度的根本方向在于侦查活动的法律程序化制度设计和侦查职业化制度建设。     

我国农村劳动力流动中的人力资本趋势分析

在市场经济条件下,农村劳动力的流动已逐步显示出其资本化的趋势。这集中表现在农村劳动力流动的广泛化,形成的多样化,使用的社会化及管理的法制化,适应农村劳动力流动中的人力资本趋势需要加强竞争中的平等权,流动的合法权,权益的保护权,社会保障中的享受权,政治的参与权的研究,增强农民工的维权意识、法制意识、信用意识和社保意识。     

婚内强奸:从客观事实到法律事实的演进

古代西方在传统夫制社会下的男强女弱、男主女从的模式之下,刑法理论中的婚内强奸难以占得一席之地,主要缘于以“妻子承诺论”和“促使女方报复论”为理论支撑的“丈夫豁免”。20世纪中后期以来,在工业革命的背景下,西方各国开始了一场规模空前、势不可挡的以追求政治、经济、性权利平等为目标的女权运动,人们开始逐步反思检讨“丈夫豁免”的正当性,摒弃了强奸罪中的“丈夫除外”原则。婚内强奸在中国作为一个客观事实的存在显而易见,而其从客观事实到法律事实的演进,反映了当代中国在权利规范从社会本位走向权利本位之后,人权保障和提供社会公正将是任何一项法律制度所不可或缺的功能。