构建人权司法保障话语体系是实现人权法治保障的关键

党的十八届四中全会《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》提出要加强人权司法保障。完善的人权司法保障话语体系,是实现人权法治保障的关键。而当前中国特色的人权司法保障话语体系缺失,西方人权司法保障话语体系强势。因此,切实增强我国在国际人权领域的话语权,积极构建具有中国特色的人权司法保障话语体系,是应对西方国家利...     

罪犯人权保障的实际状况及改进人权的几点建议

罪犯人权问题是国际社会普遍关注的重大问题，也是西方敌对势力借此对我国推行西化战略的一个重要武器，我们不能回避罪犯的人权问题，应该向国际社会发出一个我国重视监狱人权保障的强烈信号。我国监狱通过各种方式和机制保障罪犯人权实现，然而罪犯的人权保障，法律还应对执法者的公权和罪犯私权有明显的界定；法律既要保障罪犯的权利又要规定罪犯的义务；在执法中既要讲理性又要讲人道；在执法机制中要平衡刑罚执行权和检察监督权；在监狱工作整体上处理好改造创新与法律制度的关系。     

实现住房权利:中国的实践与挑战

住房是人类生活的基本必需品。住房权是人权的基本构成部分,也是公民享有的一项基本社会权利。论文在总结西方住房权保障模式的基础上,梳理了在中国背景下实现住房权的发展脉络和面临的挑战,指出中国"剩余型"住房模式在保障居民住房权方面取得的成就、存在的不足和面临的挑战,并在文末提出若干政策建议。论文强调要充分保障中国公民的住房权利,政府应该扮演更为积极的角色。     

西方人文精神在中国法制建设中的重要意义

任何一种法律制度的形成发展,都有其深刻的历史文化背景和特定的社会人文环境。中国的人文主义精神虽然有别于西方,但却吸收了其中的精髓,从而具有了新的内容和特点;中国的法制建设在西方的自由、平等、人权、博爱和民主精神的基础上,应该根据本国的国情和现状,逐步完善社会主义法制建设,体现以人为本,建立社会主义和谐社会。     

中国商事仲裁制度的特征与自主创新

现代商事仲裁制度虽然源于西方国家,但是我国商事仲裁制度在移植西方先进经验的基础上,立足于本国的实际,走出了一条符合我国国情的发展道路。总结既往的经验,展望今后的发展,我国商事仲裁制度已经找到了具有自身特点的发展轨迹。这条结合中西方优势、不断发展创新和多元化发展的道路,为保障我国市场经济的健康发展提供了坚强的支持。     

论保护国家产业安全的法律对策

保护国家产业安全的基本法律对策包含两个方面:一方面是不允许或限制外资进入某些产业,保护本国幼稚工业、涉及国家安全的产业或其他重要企业;另一方面是大力培育本国企业,推动科技进步,增强自身的国际竞争能力。具体而言,当前我们应该在相关立法中明确和强调以下五个方面的法律措施;     

对外开放三十年来我国外经贸法治建设基本经验和展望

1978年以来,我国利用对外贸易成就巨大,其经验主要有:良好的投资环境是有效利用外资的关键;健全的法治建设是引进外资得以成功的有效保障。经验告诉我们,在制定利用外资的法律和政策时,要把外国经验和本国的实际相结合,在立法、执法和司法过程中既要注意保护外资的合法利益,又要有助于本国经济的发展,即,要正确把握充分利用外资与注意国家经济安全的"度"。     

浅析马尔库塞社会发展观对我国当代社会的启示

自20世纪中后期开始,"现代性问题"成为世界各国关注的焦点。现代性问题源起于发达工业化国家,其批判的矛头直指国家深入发展问题。现代性问题随着全球化的浪潮成为各国发展中必须正视与探讨的问题,并给予具有本国特色的回应。我国构建社会主义和谐社会的价值目标是构建保障人的自由全面发展的社会。在当前我国的社会主义建设中,通过对西方马克思主义的研究,进而找到克服各种有悖于人的自由全面发展方向的社会问题,在理论上吸收借鉴意义,并能够指导社会主义建设实践。     

WTO保障措施及对我国的启示

保障措施是指在GATT或WTO体制中,成员方在某些特殊情况下,可以为保障本国利益、维护国家主权背离多边贸易体制下应承担的义务,而不必承担责任的规定。在总协定保障机制中,起保障作用的条款有：针对“不公平贸易”征收反倾销反补贴税的第6条、为保障国际收支平衡而实施数量限制的第12条、发展中国家为保护本国新兴工业的第18条、保障本国公共利益、资源的第26条以及关于安全例外的第21条。但通常所说的保障措施是指1994年GATT第19条以及以其为基础而制定的《保障措施协议》(以下简称《协议》)。     

构建我国经济公益诉讼制度的法律思考

公益诉讼制度的目的是为了保障经济法的顺利实施,维护社会的经济秩序、保障社会经济利益不受侵害。由于我国尚未建立该制度,导致大量侵害国家和社会经济利益的案件没有相应的司法救济途径。因此我国应该结合本国国情,进行深入细致的理论准备和实践探索,尽快建立经济公益诉讼制度。     

Developments in criminal law and criminal justice

Conclusion It follows from what has been said above that history, principle, and authority combine to compel the conclusion that § 80's guarantee of trial by jury precludes a verdict of guilty being returned in a trial upon indictment of an offence against a law of the Commonwealth otherwise than by the agreement or consensus of all the jurors. That being so, § 57 of the Juries Act, 1927, cannot, consistently with § 80, operate to authorize the conviction of either of the appellants by a majority verdict. Their convictions were unconstitutional and must be set aside.The appeal should be allowed. The orders of the South Australian Court of Criminal Appeal should be set aside and in lieu thereof it should be ordered, in the case of each appellant, that the appeal to that court be allowed, that the conviction be quashed and a new trial ordered.B.A., Columbia University 1972; J.D., Hofstra University 1975.     

Developments in criminal law and criminal justice

Developments in criminal law and criminal justice     

Developments in criminal law and criminal justice

LL.B., Victoria University of Wellington 1969; J.S.M., Stanford University 1972.     

Identifying criminal predators, sentences, and criminal classifications

This paper speculates that due to antiquated criminal predator identification that the courts render less prison time to predators who continually commit abominable forms of crime than to first time violent offenders who were controversially convicted of the crime of murder. A sample of 89 respondents includes 61 males and 28 females incarcerated in high custody penitentiaries. The findings show that many predators are rarely charged and/or convicted of heinous predatory acts consequently their prison sentences averaged an eight year confinement as compared to nonpredators with an average of 25 years to life, often without parole. The hypothesis was supported and a criminal offender classification was created to explain various offender profiles. One implication of this finding is that methods of crime control including criminal profiles are inadequate to deal with one of America's worst problems—predatory attacks. An assumption that arises from this implication is that crime control is linked to popular myths produced by the media and therefore predators largely go unchecked. Further research should be concluded to determine efficient methods of intervention for various categories of predators.     

Extraterritorial criminal jurisdiction: Its impact on criminal justice

Public international law recognizes the right of states to protect themselves and their subjects against threats and damage from within their territory and outside. In the international sphere, the means and methods of national protection are restricted by the extraterritorial jurisdiction of courts and the laws they enforce.Criminal justice today is being confronted on an ever increasing scale by international criminal offenses that impinge on domestic concerns: drugs, securities and financial manipulations, money laundering, and terrorism, to mention only a few. This article discusses some of the issues that arise under the United States Constitution when criminal justice agencies are called upon to enforce U.S. laws beyond U.S. territorial limits. The principles of extraterritorial jurisdiction are discussed along with a number of United States court cases pointing to the importance of this new area of criminal justice.     

试论刑事政策与国际刑法的关系

刑事政策是对犯罪有组织的反应,国际刑法以研讨国际犯罪为己任,对国际犯罪的研究需要以刑事政策为视角。本文通过分析刑事政策的含义及其国际化特征与国际刑法的发展方向,在刑事政策的视野下,揭示国际刑法的发展趋势——刑事政策的国际刑法化与国际刑法的刑事政策化,进而把握刑事政策与国际刑法两者的契合性。     

Publication productivity of criminal justice faculty in criminal justice journals

An important dimension of university faculty life is publication expectation. Often the level of publication productivity is used to assess general program prestige or to evaluate individual faculty performance. The publication rates of faculty in PhD and master-level programs have been unclear. This study examined the publication rates using a general list of criminal justice journals, and a select list of the leading journals, over a five-year period. The faculty members were located in criminal justice programs that granted PhD and master degrees. Publication productivity rates were established for the two different degree level programs, and the institutions with the strongest publication rates were identified. Publication rates are only one factor used in the assessment of program quality and the relationship of publication rates to other program features is discussed.