牛乳中氯霉素残留的聚乙烯亚胺-纳米金修饰电极测定

用聚乙烯亚胺一纳米金修饰玻碳电极,建立了检测牛乳样品中氯霉素残留量的高灵敏度的电化学新方法,并研究了氯霉素在该修饰电极上的伏安行为及测定方法.与裸电极相比,以导数循环伏安法(DCV)利用AU-colloid-PEI修饰电极进行氯霉素的电化学检测时,在-0.41 V处氯霉素的还原峰电流值极显著提高.运用这种修饰电极检测氯霉素的线性范围为0.017～12 mg/L,检测限达到1.15μg/L.详细讨论了其他条件对Au-colloid-PEI修饰电极测试氯霉素残留的影响.在优化条件下对牛乳样品的检测表明,该方法检测氯霉素的回收率达96.82%,准确率达99%以上,平均每份样品的检测时间为4 min.     

山羊组织中硝唑尼特代谢产物的液相色谱-串联质谱检测

以替唑尼特为检测对象,建立了一种检测山羊组织中替唑尼特残留的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品经正己烷脱脂、乙腈提取,收集提取液于60℃水浴氮气吹干,乙腈溶解,经0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤后,采用多反应监测模式进行分析。结果显示,对于肝样品,替唑尼特在0.25～25μg/kg范围内线性关系良好(r20.99),检测限和定量限分别为0.1μg/kg和0.25μg/kg;对于肾、肌肉、脂肪样品,替唑尼特在0.1～25μg/kg范围内线性关系良好(r20.99),检测限和定量限依次为0.05μg/kg,0.1μg/kg;0.025μg/kg,0.05μg/kg;0.025μg/kg,0.05μg/kg。结果表明,该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,适用于山羊组织中替唑尼特残留量的检测。     

广西黄鸡β-防御素Gal-4基因的克隆和体内诱导表达

采用RT-PCR方法从广西黄鸡骨髓中扩增了β-防御素Gal-4基因的cDNA片段。序列分析结果表明,获得的广西黄鸡Gal-4基因大小为321 bp,推导的Gal-4由63个氨基酸组成,其中N端20个氨基酸为信号肽,C端38个氨基酸组成Gal-4的成熟肽。另外,分析了Gal-4基因在正常广西黄鸡(对照组)和H9N2禽流感病毒感染的广西黄鸡(感染组)的肺、肝、腔上囊、十二指肠、肾、气管组织中的表达情况。分析结果表明,在检测的6个组织中,肺、十二指肠、肾组织Gal-4基因的表达在感染组和对照组之间没有明显的差别,而在肝、气管和腔上囊组织中的表达有明显差异,感染组比对照组的Gal-4阳性样品数多。在肝组织中,对照组的30个样品检测到26个阳性样品,而感染组的30个样品全都是阳性；在气管组织中,对照组30个样品检测到19个阳性样品,而感染组的30个样品检测到24个阳性样品；在腔上囊组织中,Gal-4基因的诱导表达情况非常明显,对照组30个样品中仅有9个阳性,而感染组的30个样品中有21个阳性。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒三种核酸检测方法的比较

利用针对牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)的常规RT-PCR、实时荧光定量RT-PCR(real-time RT-PCR)和RT-环介导等温扩增技术(RT-LAMP)3种核酸检测方法对不同质粒浓度的样品和417份临床疑似样品进行了检测,以比较3种核酸检测方法的优越性。结果显示,3种核酸检测方法中,real-time RT-PCR和RT-LAMP一样敏感,均能检测到10拷贝/μL,常规RT-PCR只能检测到1×104拷贝/μL,但临床样品检测表明,常规RT-PCR方法敏感度低,会造成一部分漏检,RT-LAMP灵敏度高又会造成错检。综合比较3种方法后,推荐用RT-LAMP结合real-time RT-PCR,不仅节约成本,且结果更为准确可靠,可提高牛病毒性腹泻的检出率。     

用反转录-聚合酶链反应快速鉴别新城疫病毒

根据新城疫病毒基因结构特点及强、弱毒株F0裂解位点的序列差异设计2对引物,建立了快速诊断新城疫并能鉴别诊断新城疫强、弱毒株的反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术.试验表明,该方法具有快速特异和操作简便等特点,不仅适用于对鸡胚毒的检测,也适用于对病鸡组织匀浆液的检测,是新城疫鉴别诊断和流行病学调查的颇具潜力的分子诊断方法.     

鸽蛋中氯霉素甲砜霉素氟苯尼考及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺同时检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法的建立

为建立同时检测鸽蛋中氯霉素(CAP)、甲砜霉素(TAP)、氟苯尼考(FF)及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺(FFA)多残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法,将样品经过液-液萃取(LLE)或者加速溶剂萃取(ASE)提取、净化,采用电喷雾离子源(ESI)模式和多反应监测模式(MRM),通过UPLC-MS/MS检测和确证分析。结果显示,CAP、TAP、FF和FFA添加水平分别为定量限(LOQ),0.5、1.0和2.0倍的最低要求执行限量(MRPL)或最高残留限量(MRL)时,平均回收率在91.55%～105.47%范围内,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于3.04%,日内RSD为1.83%～3.70%,日间RSD为2.72%～4.62%。CAP、TAP、FF和FFA在鸽蛋中的检测限(LODs)为0.03～0.4ug/kg(S/N≥3),LOQs为0.08～1.2ug/kg(S/N≥10),其显著低于最大残留限量(MRL)。结果表明,此方法快速、准确、灵敏度高,定性、定量准确,适用于鸽蛋中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟苯尼考及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺多残留的检测。     

应用离子交换捕捉电镜技术观察动物类冠病毒

(一)材料和方法 1.样品处理:把采自腹泻牛、猪及貉子的粪便,制成10～20％悬液,低速离心,将其上清液直接滴附在碳-福尔马(Formvar)膜或取其上清液1ml,加4滴磷酸氢钙饱和液吸附,低速离心,弃上清,取沉淀,加1μl乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)饱和液,使磷酸氢钙溶解,将其溶解液滴附在碳-福尔马膜上,用2％磷钨酸(PTA)负染,电镜观察。     

南京市初生犊牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病血清学调查

应用血清中和试验,检测南京市部分奶牛场初生犊牛血清中牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病病毒(BVDV)抗体.共检测血清3 070头份,其中阳性797头份,占25.96%;检测混合血清274批,其中阳性172批,占62.77%;同时随机测定459头份阳性血清的抗体效价,多数为18～164,最高的达到1128.     

鉴定小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌及其毒力基因的多重PCR检测方法的建立

针对小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的高度保守基因foxA以及3种毒力基因ail、ystA、ystB设计并合成引物,建立一种多重PCR方法,该方法能够鉴定小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌,同时检测其位于染色体上的毒力基因。用单重PCR方法和所建立的多重PCR方法对145份牛粪可疑样品进行检测并加以分析。结果显示,建立的多重PCR方法重复性良好,特异性强,灵敏度高,对ystA、ail、ystB以及foxA基因的最低检测限依次为3×10~(-3)ng/μL、3×10~(-3)ng/μL、1.8×10~(-3)ng/μL和3.2×10~(-3) ng/μL。对145份牛粪可疑样品的检测结果显示,其中38份样品只含有foxA基因,71份样品含有foxA和ystB基因,未检出含有ail和ystA基因的样品,与单重PCR结果一致。该方法可一次性检测4种基因,较单重PCR方法更省时省力,对于含有不同毒力基因的小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的快速检测具有重大意义。     

鸡IFN-α和IFN-β及IFN-γ基因实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank上鸡α-、β-、γ-干扰素(ChIFN-α、-β、-γ)基因的序列,在保守区设计并合成各自特异引物,并以鸡3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(GAPDH)基因为内参,采用SYBR Green Ⅰ染料以建立实时荧光定量PCR检测方法.将IFN-α、-β、-γ基因克隆至pGEM-T载体上,以各阳性质粒作为标准品,构建标准曲线,并进行了熔解曲线分析.结果表明,鸡IFN-α、-β、-γ和GAPDH基因的Ct值与标准品稀释度在1×102～1×108copies/μL范围分别呈良好的线性关系,r2均大于0.990.熔解曲线分析表明,产物为特异的单峰,检测周期从RNA提取到荧光定量PCR结束只需4 h.建立的鸡IFN～α、-β、-γ基因实时荧光定量PCR灵敏度高、特异性强、检测周期短,为在mRNA水平对鸡IFN的定量分析奠定了基础.     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

中国需要构建怎样的周边(英文)

正The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China’s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development.1China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,focusing on global-level relations and staying committed to relations     

中巴关系的发展及其认识误区（英文）

China and Brazil established a strategic partnership in 1993. The bilateral ties have seen rapid development in almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations. These myths are the result of a lack of mutual understanding as well as the misconceptions result misconceptions of the western observers and media. These misunderstandings have of have jeopardized images of the China-Brazil relations and also hindered further development of their bilateral relationship.     

中国的“主场外交”:机遇、挑战与任务（英文）

The successful hosting of the CICA summit has drawn great attention The attention to China's "host diplomacy". Analyzing new features of China's "host to "host diplomacy" during this new period, this paper will look at the opportunities and challenges facing China's "host diplomacy" and discuss the problems that China should address in order to do a better job in this regard and bring its "host diplomatic advantages" into full play.     

亚洲整体性崛起及其效应(英文)

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the overall rise of the Asian geographic plate has been particularly prominently. The overall rise of Asia reflects the improvement of a large number of developing countries in Asia. The long-occupied aggressive status of the United States and Europe is weakening, and the overall rise of Asia appears more highlighted, and its impact upon the world seems more intense.     

CAFIU Convenes the 11~(th) Council Meeting in Beijing

正On the morning of April 2,2014,CAFIU held the 11th Executive Council Meeting in Beijing.Present at the Meeting were Member of the Politburo of the 17th CPC Central Committee and Vice-Chairman of the 11th CPPCC National Committee Mr.Wang Gang,ViceChairman of the 11th NPC Standing Committee and President of CAFIU Mr.Zhou Tienong,ViceChairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee Mme     

Speech by Honorary President Zhou Tienong at the 11~(th) Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU (Excerpt)

正I am very pleased to attend the 11th Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU,and would like to express my hearty congratulations to President Yan Junqi,the new leadership and the newly-elected Executive Council.I also want to express my sincere thanks for choosing me to be the Honorary President of CAFIU!     

Name-list of Members of the Standing Committee of the (11)~th Executive Council (in alphabetical order of the surname's first letter)

正I.Political Parties and Government Sector Lu Yan Director,Beijing Municipal Commission of Commerce Tong Guili Member,Standing Committee of the CPC Municipal Committee of Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province Secretary,CPC Working Committee,Administrative Commission for the Sci-Tech and Innovation Industrial Park in west Hangzhou City     

FES Head of Department for International Development Cooperation Visits China

正At the invitation of CAFIU,Mme.Christiane Kesper,Director of the Department for International Development Cooperation of Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung of Germany(FES)visited China from Oct.9 to 14.During the stay in Beijing,Mr.Li Jinjun,Vice-Minister of IDCPC and Executive Vice-President of CAFIU met with     

Neighboring NGO Delegation Visiting China

正At the invitation of CAFIU,a 13-member neighboring NGO delegation composed of representatives from media and think tanks from Nepal and the Philippines visited China from October 25 to November 5.During its stay in China,CAFIU Vice-President Ai Ping met with the delegation.CAFIU Secretary-General Ni Jian,Deputy SecretaryGeneral Liu Kaiyang had working talks