The Making of a Party System: Minor Parties in the Australian Senate

The Making of a Party System: Minor Parties in the Australian Senate. By Zareh Ghazarian (Clayton, Victoria: Monash University Publishing, 2015), pp.233, AU$49.99 (pb).     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Javier Santiso, Latin America's Political Economy of the Possible: Beyond Good Revolutionaries and Free-Marketeers.
Donna Lee Van Cott, From Movements to Parties in Latin America: The Evolution of Ethnic Politics.
Steven Levitsky and Maria Victoria Murillo, eds., Argentine Democracy: The Politics of Institutional Weakness.
Harold A. Trinkunas, Crafting Civilian Control of the Military in Venezuela: A Comparative Perspective.     

Soviet works on Middle Eastern political parties

Myedzhdunarodnoye kommunistichyeskoye dvidzhyeniye, The International Communist Movement (Moscow: MisP Press for the Academy of Social Sciences of the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee, 1983; 334 pp.)

XIX s'yezd Kommunistichyeskoy partii Izrailya, The 19^th Congress of Israel's Communist Party (Moscow: Political Literature Press, 1982; 184 pp.)

Partii nauchnogo sotsializma v Azii i Afriki, The Parties of Scientific Socialism in Asia and Africa (Prague: Peace and Socialism International Publishing House, 1983; 192 pp.)

Partii v ryevolutsionniy protsyess v stranakh Azii i Afriki, Parties in the Revolutionary Process in the Countries of Asia and Africa (Moscow: Nauka Press, 1983; 254 pp.)

E. V. Pavlutskaya's Rabochiy klass i rabochyeye dvidzhyeniye v nyezavisimom Marokko, The Worker Class and Workers’ Movement in Independent Morocco (Moscow: Nauka Press for the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, 1987; 208 pp.)

D. I. Vdovichyenko's Bor'ba politichyeskikh partly v Turtsii (1944–1965 gg.), The Struggle of the Political Parties in Turkey, 1944–65 (Moscow: Nauka Press for the Institute of Oriental Languages at Moscow University, 1967; 308 pp.).

V. I. Maksimyenko's Politichyeskiye partii v pyeryekhodnom obshchyestve: Marokko, Aldzhir, Tunis 20–80ye godi XX v., Political Parties in A Transitional Society: Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, the 1920s to the 1980s (Moscow: Nauka Press for the Institute of Oriental Studies in the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, 1985; 232 pp.).

Burdzhuazniye partii i politichyeskaya bor'ba v stranakh Vostoka, Bourgeois Parties and Political Struggle in the Lands of the East (Moscow: Nauka Press for the Institute of Oriental Studies in the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, 1987; 245 pp.).     

Members of the international commission for the history of representative and parliamentary institutions as at 31 march 1984

F.L. Carsten: The First Austrian Republic 1918–1938: A Study Based on British and Austrian Documents. (Gower Publishing 1986, pp. 309; ISBN 0 566 05162 1; £22.50.)

A.R. Peters: Anthony Eden at the Foreign Office 1931–1938. (Aldershot: Gower Publishing and New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986; pp. viii, 402; ISBN 0 5660 5117 6; £25.00.)

Brian Girvin and Roland Sturm (eds.): Politics and Society in Contemporary Ireland. (Aldershot: Gower Publishing, 1986; pp. ix, 199; ISBN 0 566 05135 4; £18.50.)

Klaus von Beyme: Political Parties in Western Democracies (Aldershot: Gower Publishing, 1985; pp. xiii, 444; ISBN 0 566 00570 0 £25.00.)

Gordon Smith: Democracy in Western Germany: Parties and Politics in the Federal Republic (3rd edition, Gower, 1986; pp. xi, 243: ISBN 0 566 05267 9 (pb); £6.95.)

George C. Malcher: Poland's Politicized Army: Communists in Uniform (New York, Praeger Publishers, 1984: pp. xvi, 287; ISBN 0 275 91221 3; £34.95.)

I. Crewe and M. Harrop (eds): Political Communications: The General Election Campaign of 1983 (Cambridge University Press, 1986; pp. vii, 335; ISBN 0 521 30425 3; £25.00.)     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this issue: Burning Issues: Understanding and Misunderstanding the Middle East, A 40‐Year Chronicle , by John Mahoney, Jane Adas and Robert Norberg, editors. Journey into Islam: The Crisis of Globalization , by Akbar Ahmed. The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World , by Mohammed Ayoob. Faith in Moderation: Islamist Parties in Jordan and Yemen , by Jillian Schwedler. Blood and Belief: The PKK and the Kurdish Fight for Independence , by Aliza Marcus. The Armenian Massacres in Ottoman Turkey: A Disputed Genocide , by Guenter Lewy. The Armenian Rebellion at Van , by Justin McCarthy, Esat Arslan, Cemalettin Taskiran, Ömer Turan.     

南海问题分析与预测(2010—2011)

2010年南海问题的发展轨迹已经限定了2011年南海问题的发展趋势。2011年,美国与东盟轮值主席国印度尼西亚将有力地影响南海问题的走势。由于矛盾错综复杂,各方期待的《南海地区行为准则》相对于《南海各方行为宣言》行动指南更加难以落实。南海问题除了对相关各国的传统影响仍将继续存在之外,对区域国际关系和地缘政治的影响将有所增加。     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Eduardo Posada-Carbó and Carlos Malamud, eds., The Financing of Politics: Latin American and European Perspectives.
Kurt Weyland, ed., Learning from Foreign Models: Latin American Policy Reform.
Kathleen O'Neill, Decentralizing the State: Elections, Parties, and Local Power in the Andes.
Charles D. Kenney, Fujimori's Coup and the Breakdown of Democracy in Latin America.     

NGOs and Political Change: A History of the Australian Council for International Development

NGOs and Political Change: A History of the Australian Council for International Development. By Patrick Kilby (Canberra: Australian National University Press, 2015), pp.xvii + 289. AUD$40.00 (pb). Katrina     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Campbell, Tim. The Quiet Revolution: Decentralization and the Rise of Political Participation in Latin American Cities.
Carpenter, Ted Galen. Bad Neighbor Policy: Washington's Futile War on Drugs in Latin America.
Levitsky, Steven. Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America: Argentine Peronism in Comparative Perspective.
Middlebrook, Kevin J., and Eduardo Zepeda, eds. Confronting Development: Assessing Mexico's Economic and Social Policy Challenges.
McClintock, Cynthia, and Fabian Vallas. The United States and Peru: Cooperation at a Cost.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Omar Encarnación, The Myth of Civil Society: Social Capital and Democratic Consolidation in Spain and Brazil.
Maria Guadalupe Moog Rodrigues, Global Environmentalism and Local Politics: Transnational Advocacy Networks in Brazil, Ecuador, and India.
Todd Eisenstadt, Courting Democracy in Mexico: Party Strategies and Electoral Institutions.
Luis Rubio and Susan Kaufman Purcell, eds., Mexico Under Fox.
Kevin J. Middlebrook, ed., Dilemmas of Political Change in Mexico.
Katrina Burgess, Parties and Unions in the New Global Economy.     

Reviews

Gary W, Cox: The Efficient Secret; The Cabinet and the Development of Political Parties in England (Cambridge University Press, 1987; pp. xiv, 187; ISBN 0 521 32779 2; £25.00) W. C. Lubenow: Parliamentary Politics and the Home Rule Crisis; The British House of Commons in 1886 (Oxford University Press, 1988; pp. vii, 389; ISBN 0 19 822966 6; £37.50.)

W. R. McKay: Clerks in the House of Commons 1363–1989: A Biographical List [House of Lords Record Office Occasional Publications No. 3] (H. M. S. O., 1989, pp. 172; n.p)     

Conservatives Divided: Defending Rhodesia Against Malcolm Fraser 1976-1978

Understanding the conflict between pro- and anti-Rhodesian government parliamentarians is the only way to understand how and why Australia struggled to formulate a coherent Rhodesia policy. It reveals the extent to which Malcolm Fraser had to struggle against his own party in this matter and adds needed nuance to this period. Fraser's opinion that Rhodesia was a racist and immoral project caused a schism in the Coalition parties. Despite Fraser's open antipathy towards Rhodesia, Rhodesia's interests in Australia were largely safeguarded. This reflects the reality that the Liberal and National Country Parties contained sizeable blocs of parliamentarians who openly and publicly saw Rhodesia as a fraternal country, not a dangerous pariah. They did not hold these beliefs passively and actively sought to resist any moves made by Fraser to damage Rhodesia and its interests. By following the development of Fraser's Rhodesia policy in the late 1970s the power of Rhodesia's allies in the Australian parliament becomes clear. Opposing Rhodesia was touted by Fraser as one of the greatest achievements of his government, yet the issue was divisive and caused bitter infighting.     

Book Reviews

Sonderfall Schweiz : Eberle, Thomas und Kurt Imhof (Hrsg.) Die Schweiz als Sonderfall : Widmer, Paul A Global Dialogue on Federalism: A Series (the first four volumes) Constitutional Origins, structure, and change in Federal Countries : Kincaid, John and G. Alan Tarr (Hrsg.) Distribution of Powers and Responsibilities in Federal Countries : Majeed, Akhtar, Ronald L. Watts and Douglas M. Brown (Hrsg.) Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Governance in Federal Countries : Le Roy, Katy and Cheryl Saunders (Hrsg.) The Practice of Fiscal Federalism: Comparative Perspectives : Shah, Anwar (Hrsg.) Komparative Forschung oder Inspirationsquelle für Praktiker? Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe : Mudde, Cas Mit dem Fremden politisieren. Rechtspopulismus und Migrationspolitik in der Schweiz seit den 1960er Jahren : Skenderovic, Damir and Gianni d'Amato International Relations in Europe: Traditions, Perspectives and Destinations. Jørgensen, K.and Knudsen, T.(eds.) Relations internationales: Une perspective européenne Telò, M .     

The Menzies Government,the American Alliance and the Cuban Missile Crisis

This paper questions the traditional view of the Australian‐American relationship: that Australian dependency entailed unequivocal support for American foreign policy. It uses a particular Cold War event — the Cuban Missile Crisis — to examine the extent to which the reaction of the Australian government conformed to the general perception of immediate and absolute endorsement of the Kennedy administration's position. The paper will argue that the actual response of the Menzies government, as distinct from its public pronouncements, was constrained rather than unconditional, considered rather than reflexive, and shaped by strategic calculations of Australian interests.     

Australian Citizenship and the Two World Wars

This article surveys Australian citizenship: its distinctive characteristics in the first half of the twentieth century, and how these were changed by the experience of the two world wars. It argues that Australian citizenship, at the time of Federation, was racially exclusive, imperial, masculine and deeply anchored in the traditional view of the military obligation of the individual to the state. The world wars, especially the war of 1939‐45, encouraged some adjustment to these ideas, particularly in terms of the imperial link, women's status and the social rights of Australians. However, these conflicts were fought within a context of imperial loyalty and the intensity of their demands reinforced military service in defence of the nation as the primary civic virtue. The centrality of Anzac to Australian nationalism also perpetuated a gendered dimension to Australian citizenship. The world wars therefore, for all their dramatic impact on the lives of Australian families and the national political culture, did not force a major reconceptualisation of Australian citizenship.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: POLITICAL DISCOURSE: Explorations in Indian and Western Political Thought. Women And Peace Through The Polls. Australian Public Opinion On National Security Issues. Why Oppose Racism. Public Enterpiuse And National Development. Selected Essays. Public Power And Public Administration. The Italians In Australia. Capital Labour On The Kimberley Diamond Fields 1871–1890. Culture, Identity, And Politics. The French Reconnaissance. Baudin In Australia 1801–1803. Gordon Chalk: A Political Life. A Very Small Insurance Policy: The Politics of Australian Involvement in Vietnam, 1954–1967. All The Way: Australia's road to Vietnam. A Documentary History Of Queensland. The Archibald Paradox: A Strange Case Of Authorship. Rail Transport And Australian Federalism. The War Despatches Of Kenneth Slessor, Official Australian Correspondent 1940–1944. Between Two Nations: The Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border and West Papua Nationalism. Highlanders And Foreigners In The Upper Ramu. The Kainantu area 1919–1942. Politics And Power In The Usa. Politics And Culture In Early Modern Europe: Essays in Honour of H.G. Koenigsberger. AN Edwardian Meed-Doubles: The Bosanquets versus the Webbs: Study in British Social Policy 189&1929. Feminism And Democracy. Women's Suffrage And Reform Politics in Britain. 1900–1918. Perestroika: New Thinking For Our Country and the World. Revisionmsm And Emplre: Socialist Imperialism in Germany 1897–1914. Bernstein To Brandt. A Short History of German Social Democracy. Population, Labour And Century Germany. Migration In 19Th And 20Th Century Germany. Einfeuhrung In Fragen An Die Geschichtswissenschaet In Deutschland Nach Hitler 1945–1950. Deutschlands Eneuerung 1945–1950. Der Krieg Und Die Schriiwsteller. Der Kriegsroman Der Weimarer Republik. Exil Und Engagement. Deutsche Schriftsteller Im Frankreich Der Dreissiger Jahre. The Ideological Origins Of Nazi Imperialism. Three Faces Of Imperialism; British And American Approaches To Asia and Africa 1870–1970. Saladm And The Fall Of Jerusalem.     

Book Reviews

Encountering Terra Australis: The Australian Voyages of Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders. By Jean Fornasiero, Peter Monteath and John West‐Sooby Hill End: An Historic Australian Goldfields Landscape. By Alan Mayne Professional Savages: Captive Lives and Western Spectacle. By Roslyn Poignant So Monstrous a Travesty: Chris Watson and the World's First National Labour Government. By Ross McMullin On The War Path: An Anthology of Australian Military Travel. Edited by Robin Gerster and Peter Pierce Radical Brisbane: an Unruly History. Edited by Raymond Evans and Carole Ferrier Jessie Street: A Revised Autobiography. Edited by Lenore Coltheart Kisch in Australia: The Untold Story. By Heidi Zogbaum Freedom Ride: a Freedom Rider Remembers. By Ann Curthoys The Power of Speech: Australian Prime Ministers Defining the National Image. By James Curran Latham and Abbott. By Michael Duffy From Camp to Queer: Remaking the Australian Homosexual. By Robert Reynolds The West New Guinea Debacle: Dutch Decolonisation and Indonesia, 1945‐1962. By C.L.M. Penders The Western Front: Battle Ground and Home Front in the First World War. By Hunt Tooley The Justicing Notebook (1750‐64) of Edmund Tew (Publications of the Surtees Society, vol. 205.) Edited by Gwenda Morgan and Peter Rushton British Clubs and Societies, 1580‐1800: The Origins of an Associational World. By Peter Clark Soldier and Peasant in French Popular Culture, 1766‐1870. By David M. Hopkin Napoleon and the Transformation of Europe. By Alexander Grab Hitler's Last Chief of Foreign Intelligence. Allied Interrogations of Walter Schellenberg. Edited by Reinhard R. Doerries War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. By Edwin Black A History of Modern Palestine: One Land, Two Peoples. By Ilan Pappe Subverting Colonial Authority: Challenges to Spanish Rule in Eighteenth‐Century Southern Andes. By Sergio Serulnikov Honour Among Nations? Treaties and Agreements with Indigenous People. By Marcia Langton, Maureen Tehan, Lisa Palmer and Kathryn Shain     

Violent Uprooting and Forced Migration: A Demographic Analysis of the Greek Populations of AsiaMinor,Pontus and Eastern Thrace

This article systematically examines the historical demography of Greek refugees from Asia Minor, Pontus and Eastern Thrace from the beginning of the 1910s until the aftermath of the signing of the Convention of Lausanne and even later until 1928 when the first general census after the Asia Minor Disaster of 1922 took place in Greece. In this context, the article focuses firstly on a comparative examination of the available sources concerning the number of Greeks living in Asia Minor, Pontus and Eastern Thrace before the outbreak of the First World War, and secondly on the number of refugees pouring into Greece before and after the Asia Minor Disaster of 1922. It is argued that the Greeks of Asia Minor and Pontus suffered numerous losses because of the persecution by the Turkish authorities and because of their violent uprooting from their homelands. On the other hand, it is argued that the Greek population of Eastern Thrace was in general much less affected by the Turkish atrocities despite the fact that even this population was obliged to seek refuge in Greece after 1922.     

Risk vs Reward Strategies in Indirect Presidential Elections: Political Parties and the Selection of Presidential Electors in Germany, 1949–2017

Parties across parliamentary republics compete fiercely over capturing the presidential office. However, they are often torn between seeing their preferred candidate elected and exploiting the election for publicity purposes. The German case, specifically parties’ ability to nominate extra-parliamentarian electors (EPEs) as part of the electoral college, offers a particularly interesting perspective on how parties balance these competing goals. While EPEs allow parties to boost their profile and strengthen ties with selected groups, they also present a risk factor as their voting behaviour is more difficult to predict. Based on a novel data set on party delegations in German presidential elections, 1949–2017, the analysis shows that – contrary to traditional assumptions – competition in the electoral college did not play a role in EPE nominations. Rather, party strategies were influenced by the varying signalling power of the elections. Parties were more risk-averse and nominated fewer EPEs during grand coalitions, when they were part of the federal government, or when federal elections approached, yet nominated more EPEs when they had a larger support base to reward. The results call for further comparative research on indirect elections and different types of EPEs in Germany.     

The Conscientious Communist. Ernie Lane and the Rise of Australian Socialism

The Conscientious Communist. Ernie Lane and the Rise of Australian Socialism. By Jeff Rickertt (North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2016), pp.xii + 322, black and white illustrations. AU$39.95 (pb).