百家姓之任(Rèn)姓

正任姓起源任姓来源有六:1.出自黄帝的后代,为天子赐姓。2.出自黄帝少子禹阳后裔。据《唐书·宰相世系表》及《左传正义》所载,相传黄帝少子禹(禺)阳被封在任国(今山东省济宁市),其后裔以国为氏。周朝时,谢、章、薛、舒、吕、祝、终、泉、毕、过十国都是任姓后裔的封国。3.由远古妊姓衍传。与女性妊娠有关,可认为是母系氏族社会产生的古姓之一。4.出自风姓。5.其他改姓而来。如元代王信之子宣,为避难改姓任,其后代亦称任氏。     

R村新型农村合作医疗制度实施现状与思考

本文以R村新型农村合作医疗制度实施现状为切入点,通过对其现行的新型农村合作医疗制度的研究,指出其存在的不足,提出改善的措施,充分实现新农合的惠民功能,促使R村新型农村合作医疗制度更加完善,提高村民的社会保障水平。     

基于R50国际建议的皮带秤检定技术

本文介绍了基于OIMLR50国际建议的皮带秤检定技术,内容包括计量性能试验、物料试验、模拟试验。采用R50国际建议对我国皮带秤的产品质量和技术性能的提高、增强国际竞争力会起到积极的作用。     

The Régulation School,the employment relation and financialization

This article examines recent developments in the published work of prominent members of the French Regulation School. It is argued that major revisions are taking place in the school's assessment of contemporary capitalist systems. In particular, the primacy attached to employment relationships is under question, as is the emphasis on distinct national trajectories. In spite of these significant changes in interpretation, it is argued that the work of the school, which continues to insist that market economies can function effectively only in a well-defined institutional context, is still of great interest from a methodological point of view.     

城市基层民主动力分析——以上海市R社区居委会换届选举为例

城市基层民主的实际运行情况在某一事件的关键点上是清晰可见的,而居委会的换届选举以选举为基点将城市基层民主的状况凸现出来。其核心问题就是民主的动力问题,进一步说就是有关民主与选举的关联。因此,解读基层政治实际运转中民主的现实,需要探究基层民主,特别是在民主选举中的人、制度与利益等种种因素体现出来的动力问题。     

Comment on James R. Cohen's “abandoned housing: Exploring lessons from Baltimore”

Abstract

For most cities, the possibility of transforming unused property into community and city assets is as yet hypothetical. Fiscal constraints limit the amount of land acquisition, relocation, and demolition that cities can undertake. Private investors, unsure of which neighborhoods have a chance of becoming self‐sustaining, are reluctant to take risks in untested markets.

Cities need to create citywide planning strategies for land aggregation and neighborhood stabilization and to develop analyses of the risks and opportunities associated with redevelopment opportunities in specific markets. Research seems sorely needed. Although the policy world cannot and will not stand still waiting for academics to design the perfect study or to collect all the data to model the potential effects of various policy options and investments, analysis that can play a more immediately supportive role can and should be done now.     

资料之二：研究与发展（R＆D）人员的国际对比

资料之二：研究与发展（Ｒ＆Ｄ）人员的国际对比研究与发展（Ｒ＆Ｄ）人员数是了解研究与发展活动动向和国家科技实力不可缺少的指标，其总数和素质是衡量一个国家科技人力投入的主要指标，也是推动国家科技进步与社会发展的重要因素。１９９３年中国共有全时Ｒ＆Ｄ人员６...     

“邻避冲突”中的议程设置——基于R市的实证研究

从公共政策过程的角度,立足于现实的"邻避冲突"案例,使用历时性的分析方法阐释了议程设置的过程与机制,研究发现,在中国大陆与核能开发有关的"邻避冲突"大多源自原有核能政策的垄断。民间群体想要打破政府对议程设置的垄断局面,必须经历核能政策垄断与"混合式"议程设置,公众议程的发起与新议程形象的建立,议程议定场所的选择与管辖权的争夺,议程的扩张与政策垄断的破坏,及"机会之窗"与"焦点触发",最终将自己面临的困境清晰地呈现给政策的制定者。案例表明,现实中自下而上的议程设置还存在诸多障碍:即来自政府方面的阻碍主要表现在体制和机制方面,来自公众方面的阻碍主要是其在参与和主导议程设置的能力上存在缺憾,来自大众媒体方面的阻碍主要是他们对议程话语权的操作和过度的风险放大。优化议程设置的可能性路径是:加强议程开启和沟通的制度化机制建设,建立和完善议程设定场所之间的统筹与协调机制,培育公众在政策参与方面的能力。     

试论政府绩效评估的“四E”与“三R”评估标准

随着新的科学发展观和正确政绩观理念的提出，政府绩效评估成为社会关注的焦点。但到目前为止，中国还没有形成一套适合于自己国情的、具有可操作性的政府绩效评估体系。摒弃“唯GDP论”后，面对建立新的中国政府绩效评估这一极其复杂的问题，政府、学者、民众、企业等都发出了自己不同的声音。因此，重构新的评估体系具有十分重要意义，造就要做到客观公正，方法得当，实现法制化、制度化，一定不能变成新的“数字游戏”，同时还要借鉴发达国家的成熟做法。     

记刘帅 (三)四川人(续)

五 他在汉西书院读了两年多,一九○七年,开县办起了一所高等小学堂。入学考试中,他的作文考了个第一。那时他已经念过八年书,从《三字经》、《幼学琼林》开始,还读了《四书》、《古文观止》、《东莱博议》,涉猎过《史记》、《汉书》、《纲鉴》等等。他课外还看了《三国演义》、《水浒传》之类许多小说,已经以善于讲故事受到家乡小朋友们甚至大人们的欢迎。他作文好,是有基础的。 他在那所高等小学堂读了一年,又入夔府中学一     

百家姓之吕(L(U))姓

姓氏起源 1.出自姜姓,以国为氏,其始祖为吕侯即吕尚,又称姜子牙.相传上古部族首领神农氏炎帝,因居姜水流域,便以之为姓,称姜姓.后来姜姓羌人发展出四支胞族即"四岳",吕部族就是其中一支.该部落的首领在夏时被封为吕侯,建姜姓诸侯国吕国(在今河南南阳).春秋时,吕国被楚国所灭,其后子孙以国为氏,称吕氏,史称吕姓正宗.古时,在今河南新蔡,又有一吕国,史称东吕,实为南阳吕国分出的一支.着秋时,东吕为宋所灭,其后裔也以国为氏,称吕氏.     

记刘帅(二)守门员(续)

四上党打胜了,好不容易拔掉了插在背上的那把刀子。刘邓这才将守卫同蒲那边的任务交给陈赓将军和太岳部队,腾出手来回师东指,到平汉线去把守大门。刘师长说: “不能让敌人把邯郸夺去,打通平汉线,运兵到东北去。”十月中旬,蒋介石的攻势已经咄咄逼人。如刘师长所描述的:“向华北进攻的敌人沿四条铁路,像四只爪子一齐伸出来,齐头并进。”北面,胡宗南的先头部队两个军经同蒲路、正太路开到了石家庄。再北面,沿平绥东犯的傅作义部队已迫近张家口。东面,沿津浦路北犯的先头部队一个军已从徐     

Netzwerkstruktur, Handlungslogik und politische Räume: Institutionenwandel in europäischen und nordamerikanischen Grenzregionen

This paper is a contribution to the debate on political order and governance in a “debordered world” beyond the “Westphalian system”. It is based on empirical information about the development and change of political institutions in cross-border regions in Europe and North America in the 20th century. First, it is shown that the nation state is loosing its gate keeper role at the end of the century and that various sub-national actors institutionalise independent cross-border links or participate on an equal footing. Therefore, the pattern of interaction is changing from formal hierarchies to networks. Nevertheless, if we define hierarchies and networks as modes of governance, we cannot conform such a change since the mode of interaction has not changed over the years. There does not exist and never has existed any other mode of interaction as “negotiated agreement”. What has changed is the institutional logic for finding such a cross-border agreement. Whereas older institutions were designed to find a common solution by using a technocratic-deductive logic, younger institutions use a symbolic-inductive logic (mainly in Europe). In North America they are based either on a rationalistic-evolutionary logic (at the US-Mexican border) or on a discursive-constructivist logic (in the Pacific Northwest). Also in respect to the much proposed tendency towards “deterritorialization” of political orders we find strong differences between the continents: Whereas in Europe even the younger institutions are based on “spaces of place”, in North America the more recent institutions are much more oriented towards “spaces of flows”.     

寻找组织建构过程中的行动者——以Y市组建R局为例的研究

组织是行动者构成的组织,行动者的集体行动构成了组织本身。有别于"将组织看成既定存在"的传统主流组织理论,组织行动学派认为人是具有自主性的行动者,而组织是由行动者参与的一种"人为建构"。通过对Y市R局的设立及初步运行的考察发现,中国政府组织虽有官僚制的典型结构形式,但其真正的生命力来自于组织内外的行动者。以建构组织观分析考察当代中国政府组织,有利于我们深化对当前政府改革的理解,并为建构适应复杂性治理要求的政府组织提供启示。     

Digitizing Peircean semiotics to analyze students’ peer-review comments: classroom use of an application in open-source R

ABSTRACT

Statistical software applications are increasingly used to measure student engagement in the classroom. However, more work remains to be done to clarify how meaning is created and measured in classroom settings. With the growing use of technology in the classroom, students’ peer review has become a standard practice to improve students’ writing skills. This article examines the use of an open-source R software application based on Peirce’s sign theory to analyze students’ peer-review comments. Peer review is the assessment of student or professional work by others. The importance of open-source R as a platform lies in the fact that users can extend its code without having to ask permission. The results suggest a new approach, based on computational and social semiotics, to the assessment of students’ peer-review comments in higher education.     

马克思剥削概念的道德内容——R.G.佩弗对马克思剥削概念的重构

马克思用来批判资本主义的剥削概念究竟是否蕴含着关于道德谴责的规范性内容,当代西方学者在这一问题上争论不一。R.G.佩弗承袭了分析马克思主义的研究方法来重构马克思的剥削概念,阐明了马克思剥削概念的道德内容,有效地驳斥了认为马克思剥削概念由于缺乏道德力量而无法完成对资本主义的道德批判的观点。但由于抛弃了马克思研究剥削问题的现实基础,他所恢复的这种道德批判力量又略显苍白。     

记刘帅(续)——(五)、失去的和得到的(上)

刘帅早年在川军中的威名,一九八五年我在四川听到许多故事。其中有一个和解放后四川省政协常委中两位过去川军的高级将领有关。其中有一位曾率一旅之众和率一个团的另一位对阵。省政协有一次开会的时候,他对那另一位说:“那次我上了你的当。你打着瞎哥的旗号,我以为真的是瞎哥来了,只得赶快撤走。” 这位“瞎哥”,就是刘帅。西方记者称他为“独眼将军”。他在川军中多次负伤。二十四岁打掉一只