自主创新:面向未来的科技强国之路

“以自主创新提升产业技术水平”,“科学技术发展,要坚持自主创新、重点跨越、支撑发展、引领未来,不断增强企业创新能力,加快建设国家创新体系”。在日前闭幕的十六届五中全会上。自主创新成为提及频率极高的关键词,而必须提高自主创新能力更是被提高到“六个必须”的原则高度。实际上,胡锦涛总书记、温家宝总理很早就在众多场合大力提倡自主创新,这让我们清晰地看到,科技自主创薪已成为决定未来中国发展走向的重要国策。     

2006年信息技术领域专利态势分析报告

信息产业作为国民经济的基础产业、先导产业和支柱产业,在国家现代化建设中正发挥着举足轻重的作用。党的十六届五中全会以来,党中央国务院做出了“建设创新型国家”的重大战略决策,并明确提出要“把掌握信息产业核心技术的自主知识产权作为提高我国产业竞争力的突破口”。这使得技术创新和知识产权保护成为信息产业发展中的关键要素。“十一五”期间,如何建立以企业为主体、以市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系,不断提高企业创新能力、正确处理自主创新与技术引进的关系等问题将是产业发展中亟待研究的课题。前不久,全国信息产业科技…     

财税法视角下促进科技自主创新之比较研究

在知识经济的今天,科技自主创新已经成为支撑各国经济增长的主要动力,市场经济发达国家纷纷采用各种政策尤其是财税法以促进本国科技自主创新。目前,我国科技自主创新还处于发展的初期,多种因素制约着我国科技创新能力的提高。本文从财税法视野通过对科技自主创新的国际比较,结合我国实际,提出促进我国科技自主创新的具体建议。     

以“三个代表”重要思想为指针推动监狱工作跨越式发展

实践“三个代表”重要思想，促进监狱工作跨越式发展，必须牢固树立“三个代表”重要思想在监狱工作中的指导地位，自觉运用“三个代表”重要思想统领监狱各项工作；必须坚持以提高改造质量的中心，切实履行刑罚执行功能；必须进一步增强责任感和使命感，坚定不移地推进监狱体制改革试点；必须切实加强班子和队伍建设，打造政治坚定、作风顽强、素质过硬、纪律严明的民警队伍。     

法制宣传服务“核心区”发展的实践与思考

作为中关村国家自主创新示范区核心区的北京市海淀区，云集万余家高新科技企业，领跑中关村科技园，已经成为环渤海地区京津唐科技新干线发展的“龙头”和创新型国家建设的强大“引擎”。为适应核心区创新发展的新要求，海淀区坚持以构建“大普法”工作格局为引领，以“法律六进”活动为载体，不断提升工作理念、创新工作模式，通过充分调动各种社会力量、整合各种社会资源，     

言论广场

“十一五”时期经济社会发展的主要目标坚持发展是硬道理,坚持抓好发展这个党执政兴国的第一要务,坚持以经济建设为中心,坚持用发展和改革的办法解决前进中的问题。“十一五”时期,必须保持经济平稳较快发展,必须加快经济增长方式,必须提高自主创新能力,必须促进城乡区域协调发     

企业自主创新能力探析

党的十一届三中全会明确要求把自主创新作为制定"十一五"规划的着力点。提高自主创新能力己经成为调整经济结构、转变增长方式、提高国家和区域竞争力的中心环节。本文阐述了自主创新的内涵,并从自主创新给企业带来的利益及我国企业自主创新中存在的问题等角度进行了分析,并提出了提升企业自主创新能力的对策。     

探求中国安防创新之路——中国安防企业技术专家访谈录

从现在起的15-20年时间里，我国将变“中国制造”为“中国创造”，自主创新将成为国家发展的源动力。对于成长中的中国安防企业而言，达到一定规模之后．如何强健自己与本国企业竞争？在国际知名安防企业本土化策略的步步包围之下，如何突破重围获得长成的机会？治国齐家平天下，其理相通。     

以质量建设推进教育改造工作的发展

在提高罪犯改造质量的系统工程中，教育改造无疑起着至关重要的作用，必须大力推进教育改造工作的创新和发展。要坚持以科学发展观为指导，牢固树立“以人为本”、“教育为本”、“质量为本”的理念。要努力构建教育改造工作的管理机制、责任机制、保障机制、人才培养机制和工作创新机制。要紧紧围绕“三化”建设目标，着力打造教育改造的“法治”品牌、“特色”品牌、“科学”品牌、“文化”品牌和“形象”品牌，努力提升教育改造工作水平。     

义乌中小企业可持续发展浅析

改革开放以来义乌坚持“兴商建市”的战略，走以商贸业为龙头推动区域经济发展的路子。社会经济事业发展很快，从原来的传统农业小县一跃成为经济强市。但是随着市场竞争的激烈，义乌的中小企业要在竞争中立足，不能一味地只拼价格，拼劳力。要突破发展瓶颈，不断提高管理及技术水平，力求自主创新，走持续发展的道路。     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

Drugs in injured drivers in Denmark

As part of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL) under the European Commission's Transport RTD Programme of the 5th Framework Programme [I.M. Bernhoft, Drugs in accidents involved drivers in Denmark, D-R4.3 of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods Of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL), www.immortal.or.at, 2005], a study regarding drugs in accident-involved drivers was carried out in Denmark. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to collect and analyse samples from injured drivers for the presence of drugs; (2) to give an indication whether drugs may have contributed to traffic accidents; and (3) to get information on the drug-positive drivers and their drug use. This paper focuses on objective 1. Injured drivers who were treated in hospital were asked to give a saliva sample, a blood sample or both. The samples were screened for the following substances: opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, incl. MDMA (ecstasy), cannabinoids and metabolites, cocaine and metabolites and benzodiazepines. Screenings were carried out by means of Cozart Microplate EIA kit. Positive screenings were confirmation analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In total, 26 out of 330 patients were confirmed positive for one or more of the six drug groups. However, three patients were excluded from the survey for various reasons. Of the remaining 23 drug-positive patients 15 were found positive for one drug group, and in five of these cases alcohol was present in a concentration over the legal limit in Denmark (0.05%). The other eight patients were found positive for two drug groups, and in four of these cases, alcohol was also present in a concentration over the legal limit. Alcohol was found both in combinations with medicinal drugs, with illegal drugs and with both. Based on the saliva or blood concentrations, we estimate that there is a strong suspicion of impairment in 9 out of 23 cases, and in another six cases it was likely that the drivers were impaired.     

Competence in caring in legal practice

This article is concerned with the stories of female solicitors working in Queensland, Australia, and their account of ethics in practice. These narratives were sought and made in the context of our project investigating complaints received against practitioners in this jurisdiction. Our interviews with female lawyers were intended to provide more insight into complaints matters. Yet this discussion revealed broader insights into ethical questions about the nature of lawyer–client relationships and legal professionalism. This article considers these accounts by reflecting on the concept of ‘care’ and its fit with legal practice requirements today. In doing so, we consider the difficult gendered question of the relationship between caring and ‘women's’ practice. We do not assert a true woman's working style; we seek to contextualise our empirical research by tracing the complex effect of gender on lawyering roles. Finally, we suggest that the adoption of caring practice is a valid approach to lawyering and call for a caring approach to be re-valued in the legal professional context as an ethical proposition.     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.