人质危机谈判功能与实现路经

人质危机谈判的功能从危机处理的理念看谈判功能尽可能避免或减少生命的损伤谈判是一种攻心的谋略,是通过谈判员与劫持者之间建立良好的沟通关系,从而尽量改变劫持者的心情、态度和行为,以尽可能小的代价解决危机。危机谈判可以使危机事件中的人质、警察、劫持者的生命损伤降至最低。     

警务危机谈判员的选拔模式初探

随着谈判理念的深入,培训工作的铺开,谈判组工作机制的建立,谈判事业要从一个经验型的时代走向科学型的时代,选拔工作需要规范化和专业化。应从谈判功能应该分区域、岗位角色应该具体化和岗位职责应该轮换的角度去阐述危机谈判员选拔的指导思想。综合国内外实践情况,阐述了一个"四步走"的基本选拔模式。     

人质危机谈判的阶段性策略

人质危机谈判通常分为谈判初始阶段，实质性谈判阶段和结束谈判阶段。在谈判的不同阶段，劫持者的心理状态有所不同，谈判使用的策略与方法也有所差异。谈判初始阶段的主要策略是稳定情绪，建立互信，会同攻击单位共同制订运送、接收、投降和攻击方案。实质性谈判阶段的重，最是策略性地处理要求与期限。谈判结束阶段应做好和平结束与武力结束两种可能的准备。谈判人员要根据各阶段形势发展，采用相应的有效谈判策略，有序地处理人质危机。     

专注刑辩创优秀潜心磨剑铸品牌 访全国优秀律师、北京德和衡律师事务所副主任毛洪涛

在过去的十几年当中，律师同仁们不仅对自身专业化发展愈加认同，而且积极有为地拓展了许多新的服务领域，但潜心致力于刑事业务的律师人数却有减无增。现任北京德和衡律师事务所副主任的毛洪涛如是说。而他本人则是“有减无增”数据中的一员．他自执业伊始，16年来倾心专注于刑事业务，如此专注成就了他的专业，卓越的专业水准使他很快成为山东律师界刑事业务领域的领跑者。今年初，毛洪涛将工作重心转移到北京，领军德衡律师集团全国各分支机构的刑事业务团队并担任德衡律师集团法律人涉诉911公益服务中心主任。之于事务所，这是规模化、专业化战略发展的需要；之于毛洪涛．此次进京既是机遇，又有挑战。他深有感慨：“在路上的感觉更强烈了。”     

反劫持谈判语言策略的运用

反劫持谈判实质上是我方谈判人员与劫持分子运用语言传达观点、交流意见，本着“生命至上、以人为本，和平解决劫持人质危机”等明确的谈判理念，并以此当作一种最高的行动准则，来指导一个具体而系列化的谈判过程。反劫持谈判是语言的交锋，在谈判中要准确、正确地运用语言，注意语言的表达技巧，关注谈判中的行为语言和行为交流，要紧紧抓住谈判过程，注意语言策略和技巧的运用。     

工业和信息化部电子知识产权中心

工亚和信息化部电子知识产权中心(以下简称"中心")成立于1985年,是工业行业从事知识产权研究、咨询及服务的专业化机构。中心在长期从事行业知识产权工作过程中,积累了丰富的专业及实务工作经验,掌握了人量国内外产业及知识产权信息,形成了广泛的政府、企业及专家渠道,培育了具有较高综合能力和素质的专业团队。     

公共危机事件中政策认同的构建研究——基于陕西省的实证分析北大核心

政策认同是政策执行的重要基础,公共危机事件中的政策认同往往更加重要。论文结合陕西省2021年底暴发的重大突发公共卫生事件,设计了公共危机事件中政策认同构建的理论模型,并进行网络问卷调研,运用结构方程模型对构建的理论模型进行检验。结果发现,包括公众满意度、政府信任、感知政府能力在内的一系列因素都会对公共危机事件中的政策认同产生正向影响,公众对政府负面舆情处理的及时性感知和满意度也会对公共危机事件中的政策认同产生正向影响。基于研究结果,论文提出应重视日常工作中公众满意度、政府信任和感知政府能力对于危机管理的作用,同时要特别注意提升公众的主观感知,当负面舆情发生时,政府应积极回应并处理。     

创新教育教育人才培养模式 推进教师教育学科建设

南京师范大学教师教育学院以教师教育学科建设为基础，加强教学科研机构和教师教育专业团队建设．基本形成了一支稳定的专兼职相结合的专业教师队伍．制订了南京师范大学专业化教师教育本科和研究生人才培养方案．启动了本科教师教育新课程建设项目计划．积极推进“十一五”江苏省研究生教育创新课题重点项目研究．构筑符合专业化要求的本科和研究生教师教育人才培养新模式．着力提升专业化教师教育的层次和水平。不断拓展南京师范大学在教师教育领域的影响和示范作用。     

浙江越人律师事务所

浙江越人律师事务所是具有专业化分工的综合性律师事务所,是由温州律师界知名资深律师童洪锡、戴北平(均为国家一级律师)带领精良专业的法律团队创办。越人所禀承"卓越事业,以人为本"的办所理念,将深厚的法学功底和丰富的办案经验相结合,以"专业化分工,团队合作,优质高效"的服务特色,以学者型的严谨态度、团队型的服务方式、专家型的服务水平,为客户提供个性化、专业化的法律方案。     

论我国监狱民警专业化评判标准

监狱民警专业化是提高民警社会地位和改造质量的重要条件。针对民警专业化现状中存在的一些问题，本文从专业评判标准出发，认为当前的监狱一线民警职业亟须专业化。若要实现监狱一线民警的专业化，就必须要求监狱民警职业具有自己独特的职业要求和职业条件。为此本文提出了9个专业发展指标供监狱一线民警专业成长实践中参考。     

危机谈判的训练设计与方法选择

危机谈判训练是一种以谈判沟通技巧为基础技能,针对不同案件类型展开的警务技能训练,也是一种基于危机现场警务运作模式展开的工作机制训练,因此,危机谈判训练方法也分为技能训练方法和工作机制的训练方法,其中后者可以类推到以工作机制为训练目标的警务指挥、应急指挥训练中。     

The Interpersonal Style and Complementarity Between Crisis Negotiators and Forensic Inpatients

Previous negotiation research has explored the interaction and communication between crisis negotiators and perpetrators. A crisis negotiator attempts to resolve a critical incident through negotiation with an individual, or group of persons in crisis. The purpose of this study was to establish the interpersonal style of crisis negotiators and complementarity of the interpersonal interaction between them and forensic inpatients. Crisis negotiators, clinical workers and students (n = 90) used the Check List of Interpersonal Transactions-Revised (CLOIT-R) to identify interpersonal style, along with eight vignettes detailing interpersonal styles. Crisis negotiators were most likely to have a friendly interpersonal style compared to the other non-trained groups. Complementarity theory was not exclusively supported as submissive individuals did not show optimistic judgments in working with dominant forensic inpatients and vice versa. Exploratory analysis revealed that dominant crisis negotiators were optimistic in working with forensic inpatients with a dominant interpersonal style. This study provides insight into the area of interpersonal complementarity of crisis negotiators and forensic inpatients. Whilst further research is required, a potential new finding was established, with significant ‘similarity’ found when dominant crisis negotiators are asked to work with dominant forensic inpatients.     

‘An error is feedback’: the experience of communication error management in crisis negotiations

A range of studies have examined what should be said and done in crisis negotiations. Yet, no study to date has considered what happens when an error is made, how to respond to an error, and what the consequences of errors and responses might be on the negotiation process itself. To develop our understanding of errors, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with police crisis negotiators in the Netherlands. Negotiators reported making errors of three types: factual, judgment, or contextual. They also reported making use of four types of response strategy: accept, apologize, attribute, and contradict. Critically, the negotiators did not perceive errors as solely detrimental, but as an opportunity for feedback. They advocated for an error management approach, which focused on what could be learned from another person’s errors when looking back at them. Suggestions for improvement of the communication error management experience in crisis negotiations are discussed.     

人质危机事件战术性谈判处置模式研究

劫持人质事件中警队谈判组与攻击单位是处置的核心力量,现场规范架构中谈判小组与攻击单位的配合是处置的关键所在,在和平谈判无望或情况危机时,谈判小组通过及时转入战术性谈判来提供准确情报与引导攻击行动,在保障多方安全的同时可提高攻击效率,最大可能减少伤亡与降低事件处置成本。     

Crisis (hostage) negotiators weigh in: the skills,behaviors, and qualities that characterize an expert crisis negotiator

This research identified what skills, behaviors, and qualities experienced crisis (hostage) negotiators believe enhance or harm their success during negotiation. 188 negotiators from various countries (primarily United States) voluntarily completed an online survey in which they listed the aforementioned characteristics and reported on various aspects of their own background and behaviors. Open-response questions were coded and quantitative methods revealed what qualities were listed most frequently by negotiators. Active listening, displays of empathy, effective communication, and remaining calm and collected appear at the top of their to-do lists. Conversely, being confrontational, arguing, yelling, and interrupting were reported as behaviors to be avoided. Most negotiators attend trainings multiple times a year and read on the topic of crisis negotiation. About half follow a model during negotiations, typically the FBI’s Behavioral Change Stairway Model. Findings are discussed with relevance to future research directions and improvement of negotiator trainings.     

Regulatory Reform: Creating Gaps and Making Markets

This article argues that dispute processing reform, such as regulatory negotiation, plays a role in constructing a "crisis" in regulatory litigation and defining a new partnership between regulated interests and the state. Unlike traditional studies of regulatory reform, which tend to evaluate the behavioral impact of legal reform on policy, I argue that reforms themselves play a constitutive role in politics. The article examines the ideology of regulatory negotiation and presents empirical data on federal regulatory litigation in the U.S. Courts of Appeals (1940–1985), to demonstrate that this legal reform is part of a general drive toward a minimalist state.     

A critique of the Global Pact for the environment: a stillborn initiative or the foundation for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lex Anthropocenae</Emphasis>?

In May 2018, the process which may ultimately lead to the negotiation of a legally binding Global Pact for the environment formally commenced under the auspices of the United Nations General Assembly. Expectations for the Pact are high, evidenced in particular by its multiple and overlapping objectives: to serve as a generic binding instrument of international environmental law (IEL) principles; to integrate, consolidate, unify and ultimately entrench many of the fragmented principles of IEL; and to constitute the first global environmental human rights instrument. In the wake of the impending intergovernmental process, the paper offers a thorough critique of the draft Pact in its present iteration. We do so with the aim of evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the present draft Pact by interrogating: (a) its diplomatic and symbolic relevance and possible unique contribution at the policy level to global environmental law and governance, and (b) its potential at the operational level of IEL and global environmental governance, focusing on the extent to which the draft Pact accommodates both existing and more recent rules and principles for environmental protection. As the Pact’s primary ambition is to become a universally binding global treaty, it would be churlish not to recognise its potential for innovation, as well as the considerable opportunity that the negotiation of the Pact will have to generate broad-sweeping and positive impacts. However, our central thesis is that only if the Global Pact were to incorporate ambitious normative provisions to strengthen those public and private global governance efforts that aim to halt the deterioration of Earth system integrity, as well as to maintain and improve integrity, will it be able to offer a firm foundation of the type of Anthropocene Law, termed here as the Lex Anthropocenae, required to confront head-on the deep socio-ecological crisis of the Anthropocene.     

Online Dispute Resolution and Bargaining

The automated negotiation process seems to be a powerful mechanism to resolve disputes arising from Internet-based transactions. Automated negotiation is an online blind-bidding process in which an automated algorithm evaluates bids from the parties and settles the case if the offers are within a prescribed range. Following the arguments of the dispute resolution professionals, the main advantage of this procedure is to promote natural agreements by restoring the parties' right to negotiate on their own, without the presence of a third party in the shadow of negotiations. Our purpose is to investigate this issue by modelling the automated negotiation process as a two-person bargaining game under incomplete information. A first result states that, given incomplete information, not all mutually beneficial agreements can be attained via the procedure. Furthermore, the settlement rule has a drastic effect on the players' strategies, which induces that the automated negotiation process does not significantly increase the likelihood of a settlement. The ability of the procedure to generate efficiency is only due to the costs imposed on parties if a disagreement occurs, that is the combination of players' risk aversion and uncertainty.