和谐语境下的死刑适用

党的十七大明确提出,构建社会主义和谐社会是贯穿中国特色社会主义事业全过程的长期历史任务。为构建和谐社会提供司法保障是人民法院的重大历史使命。在这样的大背景下,如何正确适用死刑,需要认真思考,不断探讨。构建和谐社会,必须建立稳定有序的社会环境,因     

法律语境下的合作社

按照国际劳工组织《合作社立法指南》的观点,"合作社通过其社员的努力,日益被作为一种实现公司认为无利可图及政府不能或不愿意实现的目标的一种手段"。合作社的上述价值使得各学科都关注对合作社的研究,法学也不例外。无论在经济学领域,还是在社会学领域,合作社都有其特定的含义。本文着重从法律主体的角度研究合作社,这也是合作社在法律语境下应有的意义,合作社属于民商事法律主体体系的一部分,对其准确定位有助于促进合作社立法的科学性和体系性。在此基础上,对合作社法律体系存在的问题及目前我国唯一的有关合作社的立法——《农民专业合作社法》进行评析,并提出完善我国合作社法律制度的建议。     

死刑存废的文化语境

死刑的存废,只有立足于本民族的文化语境之中,不割断历史,不因片面强调人文关怀而伤害更多的受害者,那么,死刑就应该长期存在。     

死刑刑事政策视野下的集资诈骗罪死刑适用正当性质疑

正在经济犯罪的死刑立法废止之前,最大限度地限制并争取事实上停止死刑的适用,应当成为经济犯罪刑事政策的基本目标与当然内容。近年来,死刑判决标准,尤其是死刑立即执行的司法判决标准,已经呈现出一种明显的不平衡现象。在确立基本的死刑刑事政策的前提下,确立死刑明确性操作规则并实现经济犯罪死刑认定的制度化标准,成为迫切的理论需求与现实的实践需要。     

和谐社会语境下的法律信仰

党的十六届四中全会明确提出了构建社会主义和谐社会的任务。而和谐社会的构建从根本上说离不开法治社会的构筑,在这样的一种语境下,对法律的信仰就是对和谐社会的向往,法律的内在精神价值铸就着法律信仰共同体的形成,凝聚着和谐社会的潜在的力量。     

和谐社会语境下的法律监督

2007年11月，河南省人民检察院举办的“和谐社会建设与法律监督”研讨会在信阳市召开。与会人员就法治与和谐社会建设的关系、法律监督的价值和作用、加强检察机关法律监督能力建设等问题展开深入探讨。现将研讨情况综述如下：     

《刑法》中死刑的基本政策与法律适用

1997年《刑法》规定了68个适用死刑的罪名。之后,2011年《刑法修正案(八)》减少了13个死刑适用罪名,2015年《刑法修正案(九)》又减少了9个死刑适用罪名。至今,《刑法》共有46个死刑适用罪名目前,我国的基本死刑政策总体上是保留死刑但严格限制其适用之所以现阶段要保留死刑,一方面是由于现实中还存在极其严重的犯罪;另一方面是死刑制度的存在既有利于预防犯罪目的的实现,也符合我国现阶段的社会价值观念,能够为广大群众所接受和支持,具有满足人民群众安全心理需要的功能。严格限制死刑的适用是指坚持少杀、防止错杀。     

新的刑事政策下中国死刑制度的走向

死刑作为一种古老的刑罚制度已经存在了几千年。然而,随着现代文明的进步和民主的发展,废除死刑是从刑罚人道主义出发所得出的必然结论。欲在我国实现废止死刑,分析死刑制度走向,应当从严格限制死刑的适用开始,这也是通往废止死刑的现实之路。     

宽严相济刑事政策下的死刑赦免制度研究

新中国成立六十周年之际,与国家庆典活动相关的死刑赦免制度值得关注与深刻反思。我国死刑赦免制度的诸多缺陷,严重影响其刑事政策功能的正常发挥,而和谐社会呼唤宽严相济刑事政策与死刑赦免制度在中国的践行。为了坚持与贯彻宽严相济刑事政策,我国应当从立法模式、实体法和程序法等方面,加强我国死刑赦免制度的立法完善。     

论中国语境下的法律信仰

本文以伯尔曼《法律与宗教》中“法律被信仰,否则它将形同虚设”为基础,认为法律信仰是一种误解。文中通过伯尔曼的写作背景和语言转化,说明了被误读的两点原因,从逻辑上分析了宗教与法律本质的不同及法律信仰在中国语境下的不可能。     

LIFE AFTER DEATH: THE NEED TO ADDRESS THE LEGAL STATUS OF POSTHUMOUSLY CONCEIVED CHILDREN

The advance of reproductive technology, coupled with a legal system that cannot keep up, has had a detrimental effect on posthumously conceived children. There is controversy over whether a child conceived after the death of one parent, by way of reproductive technology, is considered a child of that parent for inheritance purposes. An overwhelming majority of state legislatures have not given consideration to the unique question that posthumously conceived children pose. Legislative inaction has forced state courts to apply antiquated laws in the midst of a technological revolution. The result: children are being denied inheritance rights to their deceased parent's estate solely because of the way they were conceived. This Note advocates that all children should be given the same rights and benefits regardless of how they are conceived. To accomplish that goal, this Note proposes a model state statute to be adopted in all states. The model statute deems a posthumously conceived child to be the child of his or her deceased parent, and thus entitled to inheritance rights, if 1) the posthumously conceived child was provided for by will, or 2) the deceased parent intended to be a parent; there is a genetic relationship between parent and child; the child is born within three years from the death of his or her deceased parent; and the child's best interest, balanced against the state's interests, exceeds the state's interest. The desired effect of the statute is to put posthumously conceived children on equal footing with naturally conceived children.     

RACE,HOMICIDE SEVERITY,AND APPLICATION OF THE DEATH PENALTY: A CONSIDERATION OF THE BARNETT SCALE*

This study uses the Barnett scale of homicide severity to analyze the capital sentencing process in Kentucky. In his analysis of Georgia cases, Barnett found that whites were disproportionately the victims of homicides that the scale considered as most serious. This conclusion was cited as an explanation for racial disparity in capital sentencing. When the scale is applied to Kentucky data and the level of seriousness of the murder is controlled, however, we Jind that prosecutors were more likely to seek the death penalty in cases in which blacks killed whites and that juries were more likely to sentence to death blacks who killed whites.