高剂量锌及抗生素对预防断奶仔猪腹泻和促生长的影响

将 4 0头 2 8日龄断奶杂交仔猪分为 5组 ,分别饲喂基础日粮、抗生素 (硫酸黏杆菌素 10mg/kg 利高霉素 2 5mg/kg)和高剂量锌 (1、3、5 g/kg) ,观察了高剂量锌、抗生素对断奶仔猪腹泻和生长的影响。试验结果表明 ,抗生素和高剂量锌均能提高仔猪的日采食量和日增重 ,并能大幅度降低仔猪腹泻率 ,从饲料转化率和预防腹泻效果来看 ,以添加 3g/kg氧化锌的效果较好。     

和美酵素对肉用仔鸡生产性能及金霉素组织残留的影响

选用 4 32只 1日龄商品艾维茵健康肉用仔鸡 ,分别饲喂 4种不同组成的日粮 ,即高能日粮添加金霉素 5 0mg/kg(HE +CTC)组 ,低能日粮 (LE)组 ,低能日粮添加和美酵素 5 0 0mg/kg(LE+HC)组 ,低能日粮添加和美酵素 5 0 0mg/kg、金霉素 5 0mg/kg(LE +HC +CTC)组 ,比较饲喂不同日粮鸡的生产性能。结果表明 ,前期 (0～ 2 1d)添加和美酵素组和金霉素组鸡的平均日增重 (ADG)和平均日采食量 (ADFI)均无显著差异 ,但与LE组相比均有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,HE +CTC组鸡生长略快 ,但与LE +HC组和LE +HC +CTC组相比无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。后期 (2 1d后 )各组间ADG、ADFI、增重耗料比 (F/G)差异不如前期显著。从全期饲喂效果看 ,添加和美酵素或金霉素对肉用仔鸡ADG无显著差异 ,但HE +CTC组和LE +HC +CTC组的ADG显著高于LE组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;在同等低能条件下 ,添加和美酵素可提高饲料转化率。LE +HC组的鸡群体重均匀度比HE+CTC组有明显提高。HE +CTC组肉用鸡肝、肾均有金霉素残留 ,以肝中残留量最多 ;而添加和美酵素组金霉素组织残留明显降低 ,肾中未检出     

甘草多糖对肉鸡免疫功能的影响

研究在日粮中添加不同水平甘草多糖（GCP）对肉鸡免疫功能的影响。选用320只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复16只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其他4组分别饲喂添加甘草多糖 200、500、1 000和1 500 mg/kg的试验日粮。在21和42日龄时,从每个重复随机抽取4只接近平均体质量的肉鸡,空腹称重,翅静脉采血制备血清,测定血清IgM、IgG、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-6的质量浓度和新城疫抗体水平;然后处死,摘取免疫器官脾、胸腺、法氏囊并称重,测定免疫器官指数;最后剪取小块脾,用来测定IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-1β mRNA相对表达量。结果显示：500 mg/kg组和1 000 mg/kg组的GCP可以显著提高21日龄时肉鸡脾、胸腺和法氏囊指数（P0.05）,1 000 mg/kg组和1500 mg/kg组均能显著提高42日龄时肉鸡脾指数（P0.05）;添加GCP能显著提高21日龄时肉鸡血清中IgM、IL-6、IFN-γ的质量浓度和新城疫抗体水平（P0.05）,并能显著提高42日龄时肉鸡血清中IgM、IL-6和IL-2的质量浓度（P0.05）,其中500 mg/kg组和1 000 mg/kg组GCP血清免疫球蛋白和细胞因子质量浓度较高;GCP能显著提高脾IL-2基因mRNA表达水平和21日龄时脾IFN-γ 基因mRNA表达水平（P0.05）。结论：在日粮中添加GCP可在一定程度上提高肉鸡的免疫器官指数、新城疫抗体水平、免疫球蛋白、细胞因子和脾相关细胞因子的基因表达水平,提高机体免疫功能。     

甘草多糖对肉鸡免疫功能的影响

研究在日粮中添加不同水平甘草多糖(GCP)对肉鸡免疫功能的影响。选用320只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复16只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其他4组分别饲喂添加甘草多糖200、500、1 000和1 500 mg/kg的试验日粮。在21和42日龄时,从每个重复随机抽取4只接近平均体质量的肉鸡,空腹称重,翅静脉采血制备血清,测定血清IgM、IgG、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-6的质量浓度和新城疫抗体水平;然后处死,摘取免疫器官脾、胸腺、法氏囊并称重,测定免疫器官指数;最后剪取小块脾,用来测定IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-1β mRNA相对表达量。结果显示:500 mg/kg组和1 000 mg/kg组的GCP可以显著提高21日龄时肉鸡脾、胸腺和法氏囊指数(P0.05),1 000 mg/kg组和1 500 mg/kg组均能显著提高42日龄时肉鸡脾指数(P0.05);添加GCP能显著提高21日龄时肉鸡血清中Ig M、IL-6、IFN-γ的质量浓度和新城疫抗体水平(P0.05),并能显著提高42日龄时肉鸡血清中IgM、IL-6和IL-2的质量浓度(P0.05),其中500 mg/kg组和1 000 mg/kg组GCP血清免疫球蛋白和细胞因子质量浓度较高;GCP能显著提高脾IL-2基因mRNA表达水平和21日龄时脾IFN-γ基因mRNA表达水平(P0.05)。结果表明:在日粮中添加GCP可在一定程度上提高肉鸡的免疫器官指数、新城疫抗体水平及免疫球蛋白质量浓度、细胞因子质量浓度和脾相关细胞因子的基因表达水平,提高机体免疫功能。     

药物饲料添加剂喹胺醇对仔猪的增重效果试验

对2月龄仔猪在饲料中添加不同剂量喹胺醇和喹乙醇,饲喂32 d,证明喹胺醇具有促进仔猪增重的作用,其中150 mg/kg添加量增重效果最佳,并有预防仔猪腹泻的作用;喹胺醇促进仔猪增重和预防腹泻的效果均优于喹乙醇.     

高剂量铜对生长猪血清铜锌铁水平和含铜酶活性及其生产性能的影响

将 60头军牧 1号生长猪 (体重为 19.2 6kg± 1.2 0kg) ,随机分成对照组和试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组 ,共 6组 ,每组 10头 ,公母各半。使用硫酸铜作为铜源 ,对照组生长猪日粮中不添加铜 ,各试验组生长猪日粮中分别添加 10 0、15 0、2 0 0、2 5 0和 3 0 0mg/kg铜 ,试验期为 80d。结果表明 ,日粮中添加不同水平的铜可显著降低血清锌水平 ,而对血清铁含量影响不大 ;试验组血清铜蓝蛋白和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性均有明显的增加 ;在日粮中添加不同水平的铜 (15 0～ 3 0 0mg/kg)可明显提高生长猪日增重 ,降低料重比 ,但前期 (0～ 60d)效果优于后期 (60～ 10 0d)。     

温肾益精散对肾阳虚模型大鼠生长性能的影响

为评价温肾益精散在动物生长性能方面的作用,以氢化可的松注射液25 mg/(kg·d)双侧后肢股四头肌交替注射15 d建立肾阳虚大鼠模型。将大鼠随机分为空白对照组,模型组,金匮肾气丸组和温肾益精散高、中、低剂量组。空白对照组和模型组大鼠连续30 d灌服0.9%氯化钠溶液,其余各组大鼠连续30 d灌服相应质量浓度的金匮肾气丸和温肾益精散。检测大鼠30 d平均日增重、平均日采食量,计算其饲料转化率;记录大鼠体质量的变化;用ELISA方法检测血清中生长激素(GH)、生长抑素(SST)和胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)含量,RT-PCR方法检测肝中GHR、JAK2、STAT5b和IGF-1 m RNA表达量。结果显示,与模型组相比,温肾益精散高剂量组大鼠平均日采食量显著降低(P0.05),饲料转化率提高,体质量升高;温肾益精散中剂量组大鼠平均日增重显著升高(P0.05),饲料转化率提高,体质量显著升高(P0.05),血清中GH和IGF-1质量浓度显著升高(P0.05),SST质量浓度显著降低(P0.05),肝中JAK2和IGF-1 m RNA表达量显著升高(P0.05);温肾益精散低剂量组大鼠平均日增重和体质量均显著升高(P0.05),饲料转化率提高。结果表明,适宜质量浓度的温肾益精散可以改善肾阳虚模型大鼠的生长性能,且这种功能的发挥可能是通过JAK-STAT信号通路完成的。     

硒和锌相互作用及对肉用鸡胰腺抗氧化功能的影响

选用健康1日龄AA肉鸡288只,随机分成9组,每组32只,试验观察期为60 d;定期剖杀检测,动态观察试验鸡日粮中不同剂量硒与锌对胰腺组织主要抗氧化酶(SOD、GSH-Px及CAT)活性及脂质过氧化终末代谢产物丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响,并探讨了日粮中硒与锌相互作用对胰腺组织结构的影响.结果表明日粮中低硒(0.08 mg/kg)、低锌(34 mg/kg)、高硒(5.00 mg/kg)、高锌(1000 mg/kg)均不同程度地使胰腺抗氧化酶活性下降,组织清除自由基能力减弱,MDA含量增高胰腺的组织结构受到损伤;日粮中添加硒0.15 mg/kg、锌50 mg/kg能协同提高胰腺SOD、GSH-Px、CAT的活性和胰腺组织抗氧化功能,降低胰腺组织中MDA含量能保护胰腺正常组织结构免受过氧化损伤;胰腺MDA含量与SOD、GSH-Px及CAT活性均呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.7046、-0.4200、-0.4263(P＜0.01).结果显示,胰腺依赖于SOD、GSH-Px及CAT的协同作用以抑制脂质过氧化的进行.     

中草药饲料添加剂对三黄鸡组织器官发育的影响

将 1日龄三黄鸡分为对照组、试验A组和B组 ,每组公母各 2 0只。对照组仅饲喂基础日粮 ;试验A组除供给基础日粮外 ,添加 4 g/kg的中草药饲料添加剂 ;试验B组除供给同样的基础日粮外 ,添加 8g/kg的中草药饲料添加剂。试验结果表明 ,添加 8g/kg水平的中草药饲料添加剂能明显促进热应激下肉鸡肝、肾和胃的生长发育 ;添加 4 g/kg水平的中草药饲料添加剂对热应激下肉鸡组织器官的促生长作用不明显 ;在组织水平上 ,中草药添加剂可在一定程度上减缓热应激对肺和肝的损伤     

高铜对雏鸭肝羟自由基和一氧化氮产生的影响

为观察日粮铜水平对雏鸭肝羟自由基和一氧化氮(NO)产生的影响,360只1日龄天府肉鸭被随机分为6组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 8 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Cu 100 mg/kg,高铜Ⅰ组;Cu 200 mg/kg,高铜Ⅱ组;Cu 400 mg/kg,高铜Ⅲ组;Cu 600 mg/kg,高铜Ⅳ组;Cu 800 mg/kg,高铜V组)6周.与对照组比较,高铜Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和V组肝羟自由基含量和NO含量显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),同时肝铜锌超氧化物歧化酶和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性降低(P<0.05或P<0.01).结果表明,日粮铜水平达400～800 mg/kg时肝羟自由基和N0产生增加,抗氧化功能降低,肝功能受损.     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

中国需要构建怎样的周边(英文)

正The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China’s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development.1China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,focusing on global-level relations and staying committed to relations     

中巴关系的发展及其认识误区（英文）

China and Brazil established a strategic partnership in 1993. The bilateral ties have seen rapid development in almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations. These myths are the result of a lack of mutual understanding as well as the misconceptions result misconceptions of the western observers and media. These misunderstandings have of have jeopardized images of the China-Brazil relations and also hindered further development of their bilateral relationship.     

中国的“主场外交”:机遇、挑战与任务（英文）

The successful hosting of the CICA summit has drawn great attention The attention to China's "host diplomacy". Analyzing new features of China's "host to "host diplomacy" during this new period, this paper will look at the opportunities and challenges facing China's "host diplomacy" and discuss the problems that China should address in order to do a better job in this regard and bring its "host diplomatic advantages" into full play.     

亚洲整体性崛起及其效应(英文)

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the overall rise of the Asian geographic plate has been particularly prominently. The overall rise of Asia reflects the improvement of a large number of developing countries in Asia. The long-occupied aggressive status of the United States and Europe is weakening, and the overall rise of Asia appears more highlighted, and its impact upon the world seems more intense.     

CAFIU Convenes the 11~(th) Council Meeting in Beijing

正On the morning of April 2,2014,CAFIU held the 11th Executive Council Meeting in Beijing.Present at the Meeting were Member of the Politburo of the 17th CPC Central Committee and Vice-Chairman of the 11th CPPCC National Committee Mr.Wang Gang,ViceChairman of the 11th NPC Standing Committee and President of CAFIU Mr.Zhou Tienong,ViceChairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee Mme     

Speech by Honorary President Zhou Tienong at the 11~(th) Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU (Excerpt)

正I am very pleased to attend the 11th Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU,and would like to express my hearty congratulations to President Yan Junqi,the new leadership and the newly-elected Executive Council.I also want to express my sincere thanks for choosing me to be the Honorary President of CAFIU!     

Name-list of Members of the Standing Committee of the (11)~th Executive Council (in alphabetical order of the surname's first letter)

正I.Political Parties and Government Sector Lu Yan Director,Beijing Municipal Commission of Commerce Tong Guili Member,Standing Committee of the CPC Municipal Committee of Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province Secretary,CPC Working Committee,Administrative Commission for the Sci-Tech and Innovation Industrial Park in west Hangzhou City     

FES Head of Department for International Development Cooperation Visits China

正At the invitation of CAFIU,Mme.Christiane Kesper,Director of the Department for International Development Cooperation of Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung of Germany(FES)visited China from Oct.9 to 14.During the stay in Beijing,Mr.Li Jinjun,Vice-Minister of IDCPC and Executive Vice-President of CAFIU met with     

Neighboring NGO Delegation Visiting China

正At the invitation of CAFIU,a 13-member neighboring NGO delegation composed of representatives from media and think tanks from Nepal and the Philippines visited China from October 25 to November 5.During its stay in China,CAFIU Vice-President Ai Ping met with the delegation.CAFIU Secretary-General Ni Jian,Deputy SecretaryGeneral Liu Kaiyang had working talks