Illuminating the health and safety of luminol

Luminol is a reagent that is used to enhance areas of non-visible bloodstaining and it is one of the most sensitive of such reagents available to the forensic scientist. However, its use, particularly within the UK and some other European countries, has been limited, predominantly due to concerns about the health and safety of the reagent. This paper reviews the literature currently available regarding the health and safety of luminol, and in the authors' view demonstrates that there are no significant health and safety concerns with the preparation of luminol solution and its application at the crime scene or in the laboratory, providing suitable precautions are taken.     

Improving health care safety and quality: reluctant regulators

The Penal Code is the main of source of criminal law and criminal offences in Malawi. Unfortunately, as the results of a survey show, many people in Malawi do not understand the provisions of the Penal Code. This article examines aspects of the language of the Penal Code which impede people’s understanding of the provisions. The article recommends that the Penal Code be amended and redrafted in a language which the audience can understand.     

Labor union involvement in occupational safety and health, 1957-1987

Right-to-know policies and related market-oriented occupational health policies require an institutionalized means through which workers can interpret and act on information about quality differences among jobs. In principle, labor unions could play this role. However, union coverage has been declining since the 1950s, and the decline has accelerated in recent years. This paper documents the growth in occupational health and safety activities in unionized workplaces from 1957 to 1987 and the decline in union representation in hazardous workplaces from 1971 to 1986. It also analyzes the relationship between right-to-know and right-to-refuse-hazardous-work guarantees under industrial relations and occupational health law.     

The determinants of health policy, a case study: regulating safety and health at the workplace in Sweden

This article analyzes and criticizes the " technocratic " view of occupational health and safety policies, which sees the values of the personnel in "post-industrial" regulatory agencies as the most important determinant of those policies. It takes an alternate position, which explains occupational health and safety policies as primarily resulting from the different degrees of political power of the two major classes (capital and labor), and from the set of influences exerted on the regulatory agencies by the instruments (e.g., parties, unions, trade organizations) of those classes. It shows how an analysis of the historical evolution of those classes in Sweden and their conflict in both civil and political societies explains Swedish occupational health and safety policies better than a mere analysis of the regulators' views. And it concludes that the occupational health and safety policies in Sweden are not identical to those in the U.S.--as the " technocratic " theorists assume--but rather offer more protection to the workers than U.S. policies do. This situation is a result of labor having more power in Sweden than it has in the U.S. The different class formations and class behavior in the two societies are compared, and the implications of this comparison for occupational health and safety policies are discussed.     

Comparing Justice and Labor Department lawyers: ten years of occupational safety and health litigation

Federal regulatory programs are strongly influenced by the outcome of litigation seeking to challenge or to enforce those programs. Competition exists between the Department of Justice and numerous federal agencies for control of that litigation. This article proposes several measures for comparing litigation conducted by the Justice Department with that done by the agency whose program is being-litigated. It then uses case data to compare the Justice Department's and the Labor Department's handling of litigation under the Occupational Safety and Health Act from 1972 through 1980. The findings show relatively little difference attributable to the identity of the litigator in the types or numbers of cases brought, the appeal rates, or the success rates. This suggests that further research, including other measures of difference, are needed to discern whether who controls the litigation matters as much as theory predicts it might and the lawyers involved believe it does.     

Chronic beryllium disease prevention program; worker safety and health program. Final rule

The Department of Energy (DOE) is today publishing a final rule to implement the statutory mandate of section 3173 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2003 to establish worker safety and health regulations to govern contractor activities at DOE sites. This program codifies and enhances the worker protection program in operation when the NDAA was enacted.     

Medicare and Medicaid programs; fire safety requirements for certain health care facilities. Final rule

This final rule amends the fire safety standards for hospitals, long-term care facilities, intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded, ambulatory surgery centers, hospices that provide inpatient services, religious nonmedical health care institutions, critical access hospitals, and Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly facilities. Further, this final rule adopts the 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code and eliminates references in our regulations to all earlier editions.     

Managing in the contemporary world: rape victims' and supporters' experiences of barriers within the police and the health care system in Tanzania

Grounded theory guided the analysis of 30 in-depth interviews with raped women and community members who had supported raped women in their contact with the police and health care services in Tanzania. The aim of this study was to understand and conceptualize the experiences of the informants by creating a theoretical model focusing on barriers, strategies, and responses during the help seeking process. The results illustrate a process of managing in the contemporary world characterized as walking a path of anger and humiliation. The barriers are illustrated by painful experiences of realizing it's all about money, meeting unprofessionalism and irresponsibility, subjected to unreliable services, and by being caught in a messed-up system. Negotiating truths and knowing what to do capture the informants' coping strategies. The study indicates an urgent need for improvement in the formal procedures of handling rape cases, improved collaboration between the police and the health care system, as well as specific training for professionals to improve their communication and caring skills.     

Managing and Sustaining Your Juvenile Drug Court

Since the introduction and subsequent growth of the juvenile drug court movement in the mid‐1990s, practitioners have struggled to fully implement the Juvenile Drug Courts: Strategies in Practice. This struggle may lead to weaker outcomes for youth and a dysfunctional team atmosphere. Originally written as a two‐part technical assistance brief, this article will guide readers through the Juvenile Drug Court Development Cycle in order to help re‐direct practitioners to a more “back‐to‐basics” approach that focuses on collaboration, team dynamics, and decision making.