BOOK REVIEWS

Abstract

LATINO HOMICIDE: IMMIGRATION, VIOLENCEAND COMMUNITY. Martinez, Jr., Ramiro. New York: Routledge, 2002, 204 pp., 9 chapters, ISBN: 0-415-93403-6. Reviewed by Ed Mu1ńoz

A LAW FOR THE LION: A TALE OF CRIME AND INJUSTICE IN THE BORDERLANDS. de la Garza, Beatriz. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2003, 142 pp., 5 chapters, ISBN: 0-292-70189-6. Reviewed by Ed Muńoz

UNDERSTANDING LATINO DELINQUENCY. Perez McCluskey, Cynthia. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC, 2002. Reviewed by Ed Muńoz     

Multicountry Studies of Latin American Legislatures: A Review Article

Electoral Laws and the Survival of Presidential Democracies. By Mark P. Jones. (South Bend, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995. Pp. 246). Legislative Politics in Latin America. Edited by Scott Morgenstern and Benito Nacif. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. 503). Partidos Políticos de América Latina: Centroamérica, Mexico, y República Dominicana. By Manuel Alcántara Sáez and Flavia Friedenberg. (Salamanca, Spain: Biblioteca de América, 2001. Pp. 776). Partidos Políticos de América Latina: Cono Sur. By Manuel Alcántara Sáez and Flavia Friedenberg. (Salamanca, Spain: Biblioteca de América, 2001. Pp. 628). Partidos Políticos de América Latina: Paises Andinos. By Manuel Alcántara Sáez and Flavia Friedenberg. (Salamanca, Spain: Biblioteca de América, 2001. Pp. 680). Patterns of Legislative Politics: Roll Call Voting in Latin America and the U.S. By Scott Morgenstern. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. 224).¹ Politicians and Economic Reform in New Democracies. By Kent Eaton. (University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002. Pp. 351).¹ Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America. Edited by Scott Mainwaring and Matthew Soberg Shugart. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Pp. 493). Term Limits and Legislative Representation. By John M. Carey. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp. 216).     

Book reviews

Status of pinnipeds relevant to the European Union. By P.J. H. Reijnders, G. Verriopoulos and S. M.J. M. Brasseur (eds.). DLO Institute for Forestry and Nature Research (IBN‐DLO), Wageningen. 195 pp. 1997.

Metapopulatlons and Wildlife Conservation. By D. R. McCullough (ed.). Island Press, Washington, DC. $29.95. 429 pp. 1996.

Biodiversity in the Seas: Implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity In Marine and Coastal Habitats. By A. C de Fontaubert, D. R. Downes, and T. S. Agardy. IUCN, Cambridge. $17.50. 92 pp. 1996.

The Marine Mammal Commission Compendium of Selected Treaties, International Agreements, and Other Relevant Documents on Marine Resources, Wildlife, and the Environment: First Update. Compiled by R L. Wallace. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1017 pp. 1997.

The Biology of Sea Turtles By Peter Lutz and John Musick (eds.). CRC Press. 432 pp. 1996.     

REVIEWS

Constitutional Law . By S. A. de Smith . Constitutional Theory . By G. Marshall . Magna Carta . By Anne Palliser Sale and Hire Purchase . By J. K. Macleod . Williams and Mortimer on Executors , Administrators and Probate . Being the: 15th edition of Williams on Executors and the 3rd edition of Mortimer on Probate. By J. H. G. Sunnucks . Suspended Sentence . By Marc Ancel . The Future of the International Legal Order . Vol. 2: Wealth and Resources . Edited by Richard A. Falk and Cyril E. Black . Economic World Order ? By Georg Schwarzenberger .     

BOOK REVIEWS

Abstract

VIOLENT CRIME: ASSESSING RACE AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES. Hawkins, Darnell F. (ed.). Cambridge University Press, 2003, 432 pp., 17 chapters, ISBN: 0-521-62297-2. Reviewed By Shaun L. Gabbidon.

POLICING AND MINORITY COMMUNITIES: BRIDGING THE GAP. Jones-Brown, Delores D., and Karen J. Terry (Eds.). Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2004, 209 pp., ISBN: 0-13-027017-2. Reviewed By Shawn Riva Donaldson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books review in this article:
CRIME AND THE ELDERLY. Edited by Jack Goldsmith and Sharon S. Goldsmith
CRIMES AGAINST THE ELDERLY: A STUDY IN VICTIM-OLOGY. By Paul H. Hahn
SOVIET CRIMINOLOGISTS AND CRIMINAL POLICY. By Peter H. Soloman. Jr.     

The British Police Experience

[Editor's note] The following is the text Sir Eric St. Johnston delivered before the members of the Wichita Crime Commission at their 24th Annual dinner meeting on October 19, 1977. Sir Eric St. Johnston is formerly of the Chief of Scotland Yard and Chief Inspector of Constabulary for England and Wales. Among others, he is a Knight of the Order of the Thistle, holder of the Commander Order of the British Empire, the Queen's Police Medal and the French Legion of Honour and Croix de Guerre. In his text, Sir Eric mentions various similarities and and dissimilarities regarding the police practices of two countries. He is of the opinion that there are a great deal of advantages in a centralized police system as contrasted to the American counterpart. This statement is similar to the Editor's assertion made some ten years ago. [Re: “Police Reorganization As A Deterrent to Crime,” Police, Vol. 12, No. 14, March-April, 1978, pp. 73–79. See also Crime and Delinquency Abstracts, Vol. 16, National Clearinghouse for Mental Health Information of the U.S. Department of HEW, Public Service, 1969, p. 589] Readers will find Sir Eric's text not only timely, stimulating and provocative, but also insightful through his comparison of his long career in English police with that of the United States' police. Certainly his remarks provide police planners and policy makers with what should be most pressing needs for combating the ever-increasing crime in England, the United States, and the world as a whole. The permission to reprint was obtained from Sir Eric by the Editor personally. The Editor wishes to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Maurice W. Corcoran, Managing Director, and his colleagues Mr. Will G. Price, Jr., President; Mr. Jay W. Swanson, Chairman of the Board; Mr. J. A. Mull, Jr., Past President; and Mr. William L. Connelly, Chairman, Annual Dinner Committee; all of the Wichita Crime Commission for their efforts and cooperation.     

REVIEWS

The Discipline of the Law . By Lord Denning . [London: Butterworths. 1979. xxii and 330 pp. £4·50.] Selected Writings . By Otto Kahn -Freund . [London: Stevens and Sons under the auspices of the Modern Law Review. 1978. xv and 381 incl. bibliography (no index). Price £10·00.] Textbook of Criminal Law . By Glanville Williams . [Stevens. 1978. Pp. xl and 973. Hardback: £16·00; Paperback: £10·00.] Denial of Justice ; Criminal Process in the United States . By Lloyd L. Weinreb . [The Free Press, Macmillan, New York. 1977, pp. xi and 177 Hardback $12.95.] Legal Services Plans —Approaches to Regulation . By W. Pfennigstorf and S. L. Kimball (editors). [1977. Chicago. American Bar Foundation. xxiv and 662 (including appendices). No price stated.] Consumer Credit . Edited by R. M. Goode . [London: The United Kingdom National Committee of Comparative Law. 1978. xx + 488 pp. £30·41.] The Private International Law of Matrimonial Causes in the British Isles and the Republic of Ireland . By P. M. North . [Amsterdam, New York and Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Co. 1977. xxiii and 465 pp. (with appendices, tables and index). Dfl. 110 00/U.S. $47.95/£27·00.] The Matrimonial Property Act 1976. By R. L. Fisher . [(Butterworths: Wellington N.Z. 1977. pp. xvii + 187 including index, N.Z. $15.00.)] Canadian Family Law : Cases and Materials . Edited by Simon Fodden . [Toronto: Butterworths. 1977. xiv + 889 pp. incl. index, $42.25.] The Law of Weights and Measures . Second Edition. By J. O'Keefe . [Butterworths. 1977. £55·00.] The Patents Act 1977. Queen Mary College Patent Conference Papers . Edited by Mary Vitoria . [Published for the Faculty of Laws, Queen Mary College, University of London by Sweet & Maxwell. 1978. xv and 95 pp. £7·25.] American Conveyancing Patterns . By D. Barlow Burkb Jr . [Lexington Books. 1978. D. C. Heath & Company, Lexington, Mass. p. xiii and 224. Hardback $18.95.] Harmonisation of Private International Law by the EEC. Edited by K. Lipstein . [Published by Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (University of London), 1978. pp. vii, 195. £8·50 paperback.] Sociological Inquiry and Legal Phenomena . By Clive Grace and Philip Wilkinson . [Collier Macmillan. 1978. pp. x + 292 (References and Recommended Reading). £8·50.]     

Book Review Department

Book Reviewed in this Article.
ADVERSE POSSESS ION By Charles C. Callahan
Society and the Law (New Meanings for an Old Profession). By F. James Davis, Henry H. Foster, Jr., C. Ray Jeffery, and E. Eugene Davis.
The Pyramid Climbers By Vance Packard
Conceptual Foundations of Business By Richard Eells and Clarence Walton Homewood, Illinois Richard D. Irwin
Principles of Business Law By Dillavou, Howard, Roberts, Robert and Corley Englewood Cliffs     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books review in this article:
SISTERS IN CRIME: THE RISE OF THE NEW FEMALE CRIMINAL. By Freda Adler
SEXIST JUSTICE. By Karen De Crow
THE FEMALE OFFENDER. Edited by Annette M. Brodsky
WOMEN AND CRIME. By Rita James Simon
CRIME AND CRIMINOLOGY. By Sue Titus Reid
RAPE IN PRISON. By Anthony M. Scacco, Jr.
TERROR IN THE PRISONS: HOMOSEXUAL RAPE AND WHY SOCIETY CONDONES IT. By Carl Weiss and David J. Friar     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: English Justice between the Norman Conquest and the Great Charter 1066–1215. By Doris M. Stenton . International Law , Chiefly as Interpreted and Applied in Canada . By J. G. Castel . Space Law . By C. Wilfred Jenks . The International Position of Communist China . Edited by Lyman M. Tondel , Jr . Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. Deb räumliche Anwendungsbereich der Verwaltungsrechtsnorm . By Klaus Vogel . Die Anerkennung Ausländischer Verwaltungsakte . By Klaus König . Abortion and the Law . By Bernard M. Dickens , LL.M. (Lond.), of the Inner Temple, Barrister-at-Law. How to Get Industrial Injuries Benefits . By J. Bell . A Modern View of the Law of Torts . By J. S. Colyer , M.A., Barrister-at-Law.     

Mortgaging the future

STUDENT WORKBOOK AS LAW: SOURCES OF LAW AND LAW MAKING By Chris Turner and Leon Riley [Philip Allan, 2006, 52 pp., £3.50 (paperback)]

A LEVEL LAW REVIEW [Philip Allan, Vol. 1, Nos. 1–3, 2005–6, £19.95 for 3 issues]

THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM By Jacqueline Martin [Key Facts series, Hodder Arnold, 2005, 2nd edn., 132 pp., £5.99 (paperback)]

TORT By Chris Turner [Key Facts series, Hodder Arnold, 2005, 2nd edn., 140 pp., £5.99 (paperback)]

CONTRACT LAW By Chris Turner [Key Facts series, Hodder Arnold, 2005, 2nd edn., 131 pp., £5.99 (paperback)]

CONTRACT LAW By Robert Duxbury [Nutshells, Sweet &; Maxwell, 2006, 7th edn., 162 pp., £7.00 (paperback)]

AS LAW By Catherine Elliott and Frances Quinn [Pearson, 2006, 3rd edn., xxviii + 642 pp., £21.99 (paperback)]

CHILDREN: THE MODERN LAW By Andrew Bainham [Jordan Publishing Ltd, 2005, 3rd edn., 811 pp., £30.00 (paperback)]

HUMAN RIGHTS LAW By Merris Amos [Hart Publishing, 2006, 1st edn., 503 pp., £22.00 (paperback)]

CRIME AND JUSTICE: 1750–1950 By Barry Godfrey and Paul Lawrence [Willan Publishing, 2005, xi + 208 pp., £40.00 (hardback) £17.99 (paperback)]

CRIMINAL JUSTICE: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN ENGLAND AND WALES By M. Davies, H Croall and J. Tyrer [Pearson Education Ltd, 2005, 3rd edn., 477 pp., £25.99 (paperback)]

A FAIR HEARING? ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE CRIMINAL COURTS By Stephen Shute, Roger Hood and Florence Seemungal (eds.) [Willan Publishing, 2005, 160 pp., £35.00 (hardback)]

PRISON READINGS: A CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO PRISONS AND IMPRISONMENT By Yvonne Jewkes and Helen Johnston [Willan Publishing, 2006, xi + 305 pp., £50 (hardback); £24 (paperback)]

CAPTURED BY THE MEDIA: PRISON DISCOURSE IN POPULAR CULTURE EDITED By Paul Mason [Willan Publishing, 2006, 240 pp., £40.00 (hardback) £18.99 (paperback)]

TRANSFORMING INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE, RETRIBUTIVE AND RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN THE TRIAL PROCESS By Mark Findlay and Ralph Henham [Willan Publishing, 2005, 391 pp., £40.00 (hardback)]

WARRANTIES IN MARINE INSURANCE By Baris Soyer [Cavendish Publishing Limited, 2nd edn., 2005, 312 pp., £90.00 (hardback)]

A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO CIVIL LITIGATION By Robert Hill, Helen Wood and Suzanne Fine [Jordans, 2005, 2nd edn., 591 pp., £45 (paperback)]

TRUSTS AND EQUITY By Gary Watt [Oxford University Press, 2006, 2nd edn., 559 pp., £27.99 (paperback)]

TRUSTS TEXTBOOK By Gary Watt [Oxford University Press, 2006, 2nd edn., 459 pp., £26.99 (paperback)]

PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE INSOLVENCY LAW By Roy Goode [Sweet &; Maxwell, 2005, 3rd edn., 673 pp., £40.00 (paperback)]

LAND LAW By Diane Chappelle [Pearson Longman, 2006, 7th edn., 505 pp., £30.99 (paperback)]

MODERN LAND LAW By Martin Dixon [Cavendish Publishing, 2005, 5th edn., 456 pp., £27.95 (paperback)]

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW By S. Bell &; D. McGillivray [Oxford University Press, 2006, 6th edn., 978 pp., £27.99 (paperback)]

SPORTS LAW By Simon Gardiner et al. [Cavendish Publishing, 2006, 3rd edn., 724 pp., £39.00 (paperback)]     

Differential social organization, collective action, and crime

This article elaborates and extends Sutherland’s [Principles of criminology (4th ed.), Lippincott, Philadelphia, Sutherland (1947)] concept of differential social organization, the sociological counterpart to his social psychological theory of differential association. Differential social organization contains a static structural component, which explains crime rates across groups, as well as a dynamic collective action component, which explains changes in crime rates over time. I argue that by drawing on George Herbert Mead’s [Mind, self, and society. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Mead (1934)] theories of symbolic interaction and social control, we can conceptualize organization in favor of, and against, crime as collective behavior. We can then integrate theoretical mechanisms of models of collective behavior, including social network ties, collective action frames, and threshold models of collective action. I illustrate the integrated theory using examples of social movements against crime, neighborhood collective efficacy, and the code of the street. A portion of this chapter was presented at the Annual Meetings of the American Society of Criminology, Toronto, Canada, November 16–19. The research upon which this paper was based was supported in part by grants from the National Science Foundation (SES-0004323) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA18148). The funding agencies bear no responsibility for the analyses and interpretations drawn here. James F. Short, Jr. and Joachim Savelsberg generously provided comments on an earlier draft.     

Bringing Back the States: A Congressional Perspective on the Fall of Slavery in America

In the aftermath of America's Civil War, national lawmakers who chronicled the fall of slavery described the North as a terrain of states whose representatives assembled in Congress, as evidenced in Henry Wilson's The Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America (1872–77) and Alexander Stephens’s A Constitutional View of the Late War Between the States (1868–70). Beginning in the early 1900s, scholars who helped establish the field of American constitutional history redescribed the national government as the voice of the Northern people and the foe of the states, as evidenced in Henry Wilson's The Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America (1872–1877) and Alexander Stephens's A Constitutional View of the Late War Between the States (1868–1870), a first generation of scholars writing during the Progressive Era redescribed the national government as the voice of the Northern people and the foe of the states, as evidenced in William A. Dunning's Essays on the Civil War and Reconstruction (1898), John W. Burgess's The Civil War and the Constitution (1901–1906), and James G. Randall's Constitutional Problems Under Lincoln (1926). Although a second generation of scholars uncovered traces of the lawmakers' perspective of states, new efforts in the wake of the civil rights movement to understand the internal workings of political parties and the contributions of ordinary Americans kept the study of national lawmakers and their states on the margins of inquiry, as evidenced in leading revisionist histories of Reconstruction, including Harold Hyman's A More Perfect Union: The Impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the Constitution (1973), Michael Les Benedict's A Compromise of Principle: Congressional Republicans and Reconstruction, 1863–1869 (1974a), and Eric Foner's Reconstruction: An Unfinished Revolution (1988). Today, the terrain of Northern states remains in the backdrop, as illustrated in recent studies featuring the wartime national government, including James Oakes's Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861–1865 (2012) and Mark E. Neely, Jr.'s Lincoln and the Triumph of the Nation: Constitutional Conflict in the American Civil War (2011), as well as studies of the mechanisms of constitutional change during Reconstruction, including relevant sections of Bruce Ackerman's We the People II: Transformations (1998) and Akhil Reed Amar's America's Constitution: A Biography (2005). This review essay argues that incorporating the states back into this century‐old framework will open new lines of inquiry and provide a more complete account of federalism's role in the fall of slavery. In particular, a return to the archives suggests that in the uncertain context of mid‐nineteenth‐century America, slavery's leading opponents in Congress saw the Constitution's federal logic not simply as an obstacle, but as a crucial tool with which to mobilize collective action and accommodate wartime opposition at a time when no one could say for sure what would remain of the United States.     

Reply to Critics

This article responds to the four contributors to the book symposium on Conscience and Conviction: The Case for Civil Disobedience. Those four contributors are Thomas Hill Jr, David Lefkowitz, William Smith, and Daniel Weinstock. Hill examines the concepts of conviction and conscience (Chapters 1 and 2); Smith discusses conviction and then analyses the right to civil disobedience and my humanistic arguments for it (Chapter 4); Weinstock explores democratic challenges for civil disobedience (Chapter 5); and Lefkowitz assesses the merits of a legal demands-of-conviction excuse for civil disobedience (Chapter 5). This ‘Reply to Critics’ addresses them in turn.     

Book Reviews

Book review in this Article
Represestisg Health Care Facili, Ties. Edited by Matthew M. Strickler and Frederic L. Ballard
Representing Health Care Facilities. Edited by Matthew M. Strickler and Frederic L. Ballard, Jr.
Health Policy and the Bureaucracy: Politics and Implementation. By Frank J. Thompson     

Deconstructing Diplomacy: Derridean Political Theory and U.N. Deal-Making

This paper engages in a reading of several Derrideantexts, particularly Spectres of Marx, Politics of Friendship, and The Post Card, inan attempt to divine a coherent Derridean social andpolitical philosophy. It is submitted that such acoherent theory of civil society can be made out, onewhich situates civil relations in national borders andshared history. Such a situation, however, isproblematic for international relations theory andinternational law, which depend a priori onlocating the foundations of civil society in somethingwhich transcends nationalism and shared experience. By engaging in a reading of the Declaration ofFriendly Relations Between States, this paperdemonstrates the apparent incompatibility of Derrideanpolitical philosophy and international law. In theprocess, it explores Derrida's strategy fortransforming the nature of international relations andlaw and, in so doing, identifies the relationshipbetween Derridean theory and the international legaltheory of Arangio-Ruiz.     

Surface Modification for the Collection and Identification of Fingerprints and Colorimetric Detection of Urea Nitrate

Glass surfaces were modified with a combination of dyes and reagents to allow for the potential simultaneous recording of a detailed fingerprint and the detection of the explosive urea nitrate (UN), as a proof of principle of surface modification for simultaneous linking of identity to manipulation of explosives. By coating microscope slides with 9,10‐diphenylanthracene (DPA), p‐dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (p‐DMAB) and p‐dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (p‐DMAC), a colorimetric change was observed in the presence of UN, while revealing a fingerprint with enough resolution to isolate at least 10 minutiae. This is the first step in creating point‐of‐care devices capable of detecting low concentrations of explosives and drug metabolites and connecting them to a fingerprint.     

Taking Abortion Rights Seriously: Whole Woman's Health v Hellerstedt

In Whole Woman's Health v Hellerstedt the Supreme Court of the United States passed down its most important decision on abortion for just under a decade. By a majority of 5‐3, the Court ruled that two provisions in a Texas law regulating abortion on grounds of women's health were constitutionally invalid, placing a ‘substantial obstacle’ in the way of women seeking to exercise their right to abortion. This comment delineates the key ways in which the Court's application of the standard of constitutional review under Planned Parenthood v Casey (1992) to the Texas provisions marks a landmark development for the protection of the constitutional right to abortion established in Roe v Wade, not the least by making clear that state abortion regulations which cite ‘women's health’ justifications should not pass constitutional review where those justifications lack a credible factual basis.     

Real Interrogation: What Actually Happens When Cops Question Kids

Although the Supreme Court repeatedly cautioned that youthfulness adversely affects juveniles' ability to exercise Miranda rights or make voluntary statements, it endorsed the adult waiver standard—knowing, intelligent, and voluntary—to gauge juveniles' Miranda waivers. By contrast, developmental psychologists question whether young people understand or possess the competence necessary to exercise Miranda rights. This article analyzes quantitative and qualitative data of interrogations of three hundred and seven (307) sixteen‐ and seventeen‐year old youths charged with felony offenses. It reports how police secure Miranda waivers, the tactics they use to elicit information, and the evidence youths provide. The findings bear on three policy issues—procedural safeguards for youths, time limits for interrogations, and mandatory recording of interrogations.