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1.
Actively pursuing important goals predicts positive affect and well-being (Emmons, 1986, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 51: 1058–1068; Emmons and King, 1988, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 54: 1040–1048; Salmela-Aro and Nurmi, 1997, J. Adult Dev. 4: 179–188). College-bound high school graduates (n=943) completed the ULTRA Orientation Survey prior to college. Planned alcohol use differed by gender, fraternity/sorority participation, and Honors membership. Students who appraised academic goals as more important and less difficult/stressful planned to consume less alcohol in their 1st year of college. Greater importance and lower difficulty/stressfulness of social goals predicted more planned drinking. Relationships of personal goals with drinking remained after controlling for group differences, and academic and social goal importance predicted plans to drink after controlling for alcohol use during high school senior year. The discussion focuses on the impact of goal appraisals on risk behavior, niche selection during the transition to college, and implications for the prevention of heavy drinking.
相似文献
Brittany L. RhoadesEmail: |
2.
Religiosity and Alcohol Use in Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth and Young Adults 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sharon Scales Rostosky Fred Danner Ellen D. B. Riggle 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(5):552-563
Despite interest in the role of religiosity in youth development and health behavior, few studies have examined these associations
in sexual minority youth. Participants (n = 11,699) who were adolescents (wave 1) and young adults (wave 3) in the Add Health survey were used to examine proximal
and distal religiosity by sexual identity group and to test group differences in associations between religiosity and alcohol
use. Sexual minorities were less likely than heterosexuals to report a current religious affiliation. In young adulthood,
heterosexual females reported significantly higher distal and proximal religiosity than heterosexual males and sexual minority
young adults. From adolescence to young adulthood, religiosity in all three sexual identity groups (heterosexual, bisexual,
gay/lesbian) significantly declined, with the largest effects found for the sexual minority groups. Distal and proximal religiosity
scores were significantly associated with less alcohol use and less binge drinking among heterosexuals, but not among sexual
minorities. Future studies of sexual minority youth and their religious contexts are suggested.
相似文献
Sharon Scales RostoskyEmail: |
3.
Laura M. Padilla-Walker Larry J. Nelson Stephanie D. Madsen Carolyn McNamara Barry 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(7):847-859
The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer understanding of the relation between parents’ knowledge of their emerging-adult
children and emerging adults’ risk behaviors. Participants included 200 undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and
25 (121 women, 78 men; M
age = 19.59, SD = 1.62) and both of their parents. Results revealed that knowledge of the emerging-adult child’s activities varied as a function
of parent- and child-reports, and that child outcomes associated with parental knowledge were generally positive, including
less drinking, drug use, and risky sexual behavior (although this varied as a function of reporter). The links between maternal
knowledge and lower drug and alcohol use were particularly strong in the presence of maternal closeness. Implications for
understanding the parent–child relationship during the transition to adulthood were discussed.
相似文献
Laura M. Padilla-WalkerEmail: |
4.
The purpose of the present study was to examine how peer group processes of pressure and control and individual motivations
for popularity would add to, and moderate the relationship between, childhood maltreatment and risky behavior in adolescence.
A total of 1558 youth (804 girls) from three high schools in Ontario, Canada (M age = 15.02 years, SD = .86) reported on their alcohol use, delinquent behavior, childhood experiences of physical and emotional
maltreatment and neglect, peer group processes involving control and individual popularity motivations. Regression analyses
showed that, beyond the significant contributions of childhood maltreatment, peer group control predicted risky alcohol use
and delinquent behavior. Peer group control and popularity motivations exacerbated the negative effect of physical maltreatment
on delinquent behavior. Boys’ experiences of peer group control were more strongly linked to alcohol use and delinquent behavior
than girls’. These results suggest that there is a significant window of opportunity during adolescence where the peer group
context can exacerbate or buffer childhood experiences.
相似文献
Wendy E. EllisEmail: |
5.
This study tested associations between adolescent perceptions of interparental conflict, adolescent attachment security with parents, and adolescent marital expectations and romantic experiences. Participants were 96 early adolescent females from 2 parent families. Insecurity was examined as a mediator of the association between negative perceptions of parental conflict and romantic outcomes. Results supported the mediation model in which adolescents' negative perceptions of parental conflict was associated with insecure attachment with parents, which was in turn associated with negative marital expectations and romantic experiences. Implications for understanding how parent-adolescent and interparental variables influence adolescent marital expectations and romantic experiences are discussed.
相似文献
Sara J. SteinbergEmail: |
6.
Within an ethnically diverse sample of young adults (n = 223, 26% Latin American, 14% Asian American, 32% Filipino American, 28% European American), average levels of ethnic identity
was found to vary significantly across different relational contexts. Regardless of ethnicity, young adults reported highest
levels of ethnic exploration and ethnic belonging with parents, followed by same-ethnic peers, then different-ethnic peers.
Significantly greater variation between relational contexts generally was found for ethnic exploration compared to ethnic
belonging. Greater variation in ethnic identity, particularly between same-ethnic and different-ethnic contexts was associated
with lower self-esteem, positive affect, relational competence, and higher negative affect, though these liabilities were
only found for European American youth. The discussion emphasizes the importance of examining ethnic identity as a dynamic
construct that can vary as a function of relationships, and proposes directions for future research.
相似文献
Lisa KiangEmail: |
7.
Lei Duan Chih-Ping Chou Valentina A. Andreeva Mary Ann Pentz 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(3):454-465
The present study analyzed the long-term effects of perceived friend use and perceived peer use on adolescents’ own cigarette,
alcohol and marijuana use as a series of parallel growth curves that were estimated in two developmental pieces, representing
middle and high school (N = 1,040). Data were drawn from a large drug abuse prevention trial, the Midwestern Prevention Project (MPP). Results showed
that both perceived peer and friend cigarette use predicted own cigarette use within and across the adolescent years. For
own alcohol and marijuana use, peer and friend influences were limited primarily to middle school. The findings suggest that
strategies for counteracting peer and friend influences should receive early emphasis in prevention programs that are targeted
to middle school. The findings also raise the question of whether cigarette use may represent a symbol of peer group identity
that is unlike other drug use, and once formed, may have lasting adverse effects through the adolescent years.
相似文献
Mary Ann PentzEmail: |
8.
Laurie A. Drapela 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(5):752-767
General Strain Theory (GST) argues that drug use is one way adolescents mitigate negative emotions brought on by aversive environmental stimuli. To date, many of the empirical tests of the strain-drug use relationship have neglected to include measures of negative emotion, despite its prominence in GST's etiology of deviant behavior. The following study tests the mediating effects of despair on the strain-drug use relationship, evaluating the effects of parental reactions to leaving school on post-dropout drug use. The moderating effects of recency of dropout and gender of respondent are also considered. Results show that negative parental reactions to dropout affect drug use for females only, and that despair does not mediate this relationship. This type of negative affect has direct effects on drug use for both genders, rather than the indirect effects predicted by GST. These findings affirm prior research linking depressive negative affective states to drug use, but suggests that the relationship between strain and such emotional states is more complex than the theory suggests, particularly when the moderating effects of gender are considered.
相似文献
Laurie A. Drapela (Assistant Professor)Email: |
9.
Pubertal Effects on Adjustment in Girls: Moving from Demonstrating Effects to Identifying Pathways 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Julia A. Graber Jeanne Brooks-Gunn Michelle P. Warren 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(3):391-401
The present investigation examines mediated pathways from pubertal development to changes in depressive affect and aggression. Participants were 100 white girls who were between the ages of 10 and 14 (M=12.13, SD=.80); girls were from well-educated, middle- to upper-middle class families, and attended private schools in a major northeastern urban area. Three aspects of pubertal development were examined: (a) estradiol categories tapping gonadal maturation; (b) dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels indicating adrenal maturation; and (c) pubertal timing (early vs. other). Three potential mediators were also examined: emotional arousal, attention difficulties, and negative life events. Tests of mediated models indicated that early pubertal timing predicted higher emotional arousal which subsequently predicted increased depressive affect. Negative life events, and possibly attention difficulties, mediated the associations of both estradiol category and DHEAS with aggression. These findings highlight the potential for more intensive investigation of gonadal and adrenal processes in explaining affective changes at puberty.
相似文献
Julia A. Graber (Associate Professor)Email: |
10.
Amy M. Bohnert Maryse Richards Krista Kohl Edin Randall 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(4):587-601
Using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), this cross-sectional study examined mediated and moderated associations between
different types of discretionary time activities and depressive symptoms and delinquency among a sample of 246 (107 boys,
139 girls) fifth through eighth grade urban African American adolescents. More time spent in passive unstructured activities
was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms only for adolescents residing in less dangerous neighborhoods, whereas
more time spent in active unstructured activities was associated with higher levels of delinquency only if adolescents resided
in more dangerous neighborhoods. Alienation was positively associated with depressive symptoms and delinquency, but neither
alienation nor positive affect mediated the relationship between activities and adjustment. These findings suggest the importance
of considering neighborhood environment issues when determining what types of discretionary time activities are most beneficial
for urban African American young adolescents.
相似文献
Amy M. BohnertEmail: |
11.
In this article we investigate the extent to which the relationship between extracurricular activities and youth development
depends on situational contexts. Using a national sample including 13,466 youths in grades 7–12 across 120 schools, we conduct
school-level analyses of the association between extracurricular activities, delinquency, and depression. Three main findings
are reported. First, we observe near-normal distributions across schools in the proportions of delinquent or depressed youths
involved in extracurricular activities, illustrating that extracurricular activities can be positive, neutral, or negative
settings for youth development. Second, within individual schools we fail to uncover consistent associations in the propensity
of delinquent or depressed youth to be involved with different types of extracurricular activities. Third, standard macro-level
context variables do not explain the observed variations within or between schools. The results suggest that the relationships
between extracurricular activities, delinquent conduct and depressive symptoms among youth ultimately depend more upon micro-level
contextual factors than the type or content of the activities themselves.
相似文献
Andrew M. GuestEmail: |
12.
Hyeouk Hahm Jieha Lee Lisa Zerden Al Ozonoff Maryann Amodeo Chris Adkins 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(1):74-84
Data were obtained from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine the longitudinal association between
Asian and Pacific Islander (API) adolescents’ perceptions of maternal approval of their sexual activity and contraception
use, and four sexual outcomes during young adulthood. The study includes a nationally representative sample of 1,195 API adolescents.
Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations between predictors (Wave I) and outcomes (Wave III), controlling
for covariates. API adolescents who perceived that their mothers approved of their sexual activities were more likely to have
engaged in sex before age 15, contracted HIV/Sexually Transmitted Diseases, had multiple sex partners, and paid money for
sex during young adulthood. Findings highlight the need for parent–adolescent communication and parental involvement in preventing
negative sexual health outcomes among API adolescents transitioning to young adulthood.
相似文献
Hyeouk HahmEmail: |
13.
Linda Trudeau Richard Spoth G. Kevin Randall Kari Azevedo 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(6):725-740
This study evaluated effects of the Iowa Strengthening Families Program, a family-focused universal preventive intervention, on growth patterns of adolescent internalizing (anxiety and depressive
symptoms) and monthly polysubstance use (alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, inhalants, and other illicit drugs), as well as the
association between internalizing and polysubstance growth factors. The sample consisted of rural Midwestern adolescents (N = 383), followed from sixth through twelfth grade. Compared to the control group, the intervention group adolescents showed
a slower rate of increase in internalizing symptoms and polysubstance use. Intervention effects on internalizing symptoms
were similar for boys and girls; however, girls demonstrated a higher overall level and a greater rate of increase across
time. The intervention slowed the rate of increase in polysubstance use significantly more for girls than for boys, although
overall levels of use were lower in the intervention group for both genders. Associations between internalizing and polysubstance
use growth factors were found for girls, but not for boys, suggesting gender differences in psychosocial development.
相似文献
Linda TrudeauEmail: |
14.
We investigated whether role models (individuals adolescents look up to) contributed to the resilience of adolescents who
were exposed to negative nonparental adult influences. Our sample included 659 African American, ninth-grade adolescents.
We found that adolescents’ exposure to negative adult behavior was associated with increased externalizing, internalizing,
and substance using behaviors, as well as more negative school attitudes and behavior. We found that role models had protective
effects on externalizing and internalizing behaviors and compensatory effects on school outcomes. Collectively, our findings
indicate that role models can contribute to the resilience of African American adolescents who are exposed to negative nonparental
adult behavior.
相似文献
Yange XueEmail: |
15.
Marvin D. Krohn Gina Penly Hall Alan J. Lizotte 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(3):466-480
Changes in the family structure can be very disruptive to adolescents who live in those families. This article examines the
impact of the number of family transitions on delinquent and drug-using behavior. Specifically, the effect of family transitions
is hypothesized to be mediated by problems within the family, school, and peer settings. A sample of 646 boys (73%) and girls
(27%) taken from a longitudinal panel study of high-risk adolescents are used to examine these hypotheses. For girls, little
support is found for the direct or the indirect effect of family transitions on delinquent behavior or drug use. For boys,
however, both forms of problem behavior are influenced by family transitions directly and indirectly through changes in, and
problems with, peer associations. The findings suggest that during times of family turmoil, the friendship network of adolescent
male children is also disrupted, leading to an increase in associations with delinquent others and, in turn, an increase in
problematic behaviors.
相似文献
Gina Penly HallEmail: |
16.
Megan L. Mayberry Dorothy L. Espelage Brian Koenig 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(8):1038-1049
This study tested a social-ecological model of adolescent substance use. Multilevel modeling was used to investigate how systems,
such as parents, peers, schools, and communities, directly influence and interact together to influence adolescent substance
use. Participants included 14,548 (50.3% female) middle school students who were 78.6% White, 5.4% Biracial, 4.8% Asian, 4.8%
Black, and 3.6% Hispanic. Participants completed a survey with scales assessing substance use, peer influences, parental influences,
and characteristics of their school and community. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to consider the variation of
parental and peer influences on substance use and how schools and communities relate to both substance use and the relationship
between substance use and peer and parental factors. Results indicated that a positive school climate and a positive sense
of community were associated with less adolescent substance use and that a positive sense of community moderated the relation
between peer and parental influence on adolescent substance use, thereby acting as a protective factor.
相似文献
Brian KoenigEmail: |
17.
Alexandra Loukas Ken G. Ripperger-Suhler Karissa D. Horton 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(6):804-812
This study examined (a) the associations between school connectedness and early adolescent adjustment problems over a 1 year
period and (b) the equivalence of these associations across gender. Five hundred middle school students (53.4% female), initially
in the 6th and 7th grades, participated in the two-wave study. Results from two-group cross-lagged panel analyses were consistent
across boys’ and girls’ data. After controlling for baseline levels of adjustment problems, school connectedness predicted
lower levels of early adolescent conduct problems 1 year later. Regarding the opposite direction of associations, and even
after baseline levels of school connectedness were taken into account, conduct problems predicted lower levels of subsequent
school connectedness. There were no cross-lagged associations between depressive symptoms and school connectedness, although
elevated levels of baseline depressive symptoms predicted higher levels of subsequent conduct problems. Findings elaborate
previous research by demonstrating that early adolescents actively shape the middle school environment.
相似文献
Karissa D. HortonEmail: |
18.
Niels van der Aa Geertjan Overbeek Rutger C. M. E. Engels Ron H. J. Scholte Gert-Jan Meerkerk Regina J. J. M. Van den Eijnden 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(6):765-776
This study examined the associations between adolescents’ daily Internet use and low well-being (i.e., loneliness, low self-esteem,
and depressive moods). We hypothesized that (a) linkages between high levels of daily Internet use and low well-being would
be mediated by compulsive Internet use (CIU), and (b) that adolescents with low levels of agreeableness and emotional stability,
and high levels of introversion would be more likely to develop CIU and lower well-being. Data were used from a sample of
7888 Dutch adolescents (11–21 years). Results from structural equation modeling analyses showed that daily Internet use was
indirectly related to low well-being through CIU. In addition, daily Internet use was found to be more strongly related to
CIU in introverted, low-agreeable, and emotionally less-stable adolescents. In turn, again, CIU was more strongly linked to
loneliness in introverted, emotionally less-stable, and less agreeable adolescents.
相似文献
Geertjan OverbeekEmail: |
19.
A longitudinal daily diary method was employed to examine the implications of family assistance for the academic achievement
of 563 adolescents (53% female) from Mexican (n = 217), Chinese (n = 206), and European (n = 140) backgrounds during the high school years (mean age 14.9 years in 9th grade to 17.8 years in 12th grade). Although
changes in family assistance time within individual adolescents were not associated with simultaneous changes in their Grade
Point Averages (GPAs), increases in the proportion of days spent helping the family were linked to declines in the GPAs of
students from Mexican and Chinese backgrounds. The negative implications of spending more days helping the family among these
two groups was not explained by family background factors or changes in study time or school problems. These results suggest
that the chronicity rather than the amount of family assistance may be difficult for adolescents from Mexican and Chinese
backgrounds.
相似文献
Andrew J. FuligniEmail: |
20.
This study examined dimensions of mothers’ and fathers’ involvement in adolescents’ romantic relationships when offspring
were age 17. Using cluster analysis, parents from 105 White, working and middle class families were classified as positively
involved, negatively involved, or autonomy-oriented with respect to their adolescents’ romantic relationships. Patterns of
parental involvement were generally not associated with parent–offspring relationship quality at about adolescent age 13,
but earlier parent–offspring relationship quality moderated the associations between parental involvement and adolescent romantic
experiences at about age 18. Positive parent–offspring relationship quality buffered the effects of negative parental involvement,
whereas poorer parent–offspring relationship quality was a more adaptive context for adolescents of autonomy-oriented parents.
Discussion focuses on the importance of parenting practices in adolescent romantic relationships and the emotional climate
of parent–offspring relationships as a developmental context for those practices.
相似文献
Marni L. KanEmail: |