构建和谐社会领导方式的转变 --论人本领导

构建和谐社会,是一项系统工程,需要我们的领导方式发生转型,向以人为本转变。人本思想古已有之,但那时却更多地烙上了工具性标记。以人为本作为人本思想的本质,是人的目的与手段的统一。从“政本”(或“邦本”)到“人本”的转变,是统治演化为领导的根本标志。人本领导在其价值观、权力观与服务观的假设上,与传统领导理论有根本性区别。人本领导是领导理论创新、积累并推动和谐社会实践变革的结果。     

Books: Political Theory and Methodology

Neal Wood, John Locke and Agrarian Capitalism (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1984)
John W. Yolton, Locke: an Introduction (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985)
N. Tarcov, Locke's Educationfor Liberty (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1984)
F. G. Whelan, Order and Artifice in Hume's Political Philosophy (Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1985)
J. Robertson, The Scottish Enlightenment and the Militia Issue (Edinburgh, John Donald, 1985)
J. R. Dinwiddy, (ed.), The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham, Volume 6, January 1798 to December 1801 (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984)
Alvin W. Gouldner, Against Fragmentation: the Origins of Marxism and the Sociology of Zntellectuals (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1985)
Bruce Mazlish, The Meaning of Karl Marx (New York, Oxford University Press, 1984)
Edmond Preteceille and Jean-Pierre Terrail, Capitalism, Consumption and Needs (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985)
F. R. Dallmayr, Polis and Praxis (Cambridge, Mass., The MIT Press, 1985)
J. L. Talmon, The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution (London, Secker and Warburg, 1980)
L. J. Macfarlane, The Theory and Practice of Human Rights (London, Temple Smith, 1985)
Jeremy Waldron (ed.), Theories of Righfs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984)
Bill Jordan, The State: Authority and Autonomy (Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1985)
Franlin I. Gamwell, Beyond Preference: Liberal Theories of Independent Associations (Chicago, University of Chicago Press)
Ted C. Lewellen, Political Anthropology: an Introduction (South Hadley, Mass., Bergin and Garvey, 1983)
Ilkka Heiskanen and Sakari Hanninen (eds), Exploring the Basis of Politics (The Finnish Political Science Association, 1983)
Christopher G. A. Bryant, Positivism in Social Theory and Research (London, Macmillan, 1985)     

乡村治理的方法论:总结与反思

学界研究乡村治理的著作、文章不胜枚举,从方法论层面来看,这类研究主要使用的是两组方法论,即宏观研究和微观研究、制度视角的研究和行为视角的研究。同时,存在两个问题:过度借助西方的学术话语,基于本土的创新不多;宏观研究和微观研究的困境。解决方案也有两点:一是加强理论的本土化建构,二是加强中观研究。     

“道德两难”现象探析

"道德两难"由哈佛大学教授科尔伯格正式提出。"道德两难"即人们在道德和法律之间、道德与人情之间、道德与现实之间的抉择,正是由于客观因素的限制与影响,导致人们在做出判断和决定时,处于一种"两难"境地。如何使道德不再两难,须从两方面着手。     

Responsibility, Luck, and the 'Equality of What?' Debate

Ronald Dworkin's recently published book, Sovereign Virtue (hereafter SV), appeals to arguments that are popular within, and ideas that are fundamental to, liberal egalitarianism. These arguments and ideas need to be distinguished and unpacked. The purpose of this paper is partly to do this and to cast doubt on the adequacy of various moves made by Dworkin. In addition, and more importantly I argue that the analysis of the 'equality of what?' debate reveals a tension at the heart of contemporary liberal egalitarianism between the Kantian aspiration to eliminate luck and the contemporary aspiration to do political philosophy without metaphysics.     

道德、性道德本质新命题及解析

近年来,国内许多学者连续调查发现,我国高校当代大学生非常需要性知识、性道德评价和性道德选择等方面的教育和引导;学术界在性道德领域也有了一系列研究成果。在这样的背景和基础上,对现实生活中人们关于道德和性道德的言说进行再度考量,得出道德尤其是性道德本质新命题,并对其做了进一步解析。     

试论《思想道德修养与法律基础》教学的三创新

为提高教学的实效性和针对性,在思想道德修养与法律基础课教学中,教师应努力做到针对大学生的思想实际调整教材讲授内容,改进教学方法,促进学生思想品德境界。     

The Moral Efficacy of Aesthetic Experience: Figures of Meaning in the Moral Field

Abstract

This paper proposes to analyse the process that makes paths of action meaningful. It argues that this process is one of "figuration". The term "figuration" intends to outline how the experience of moral meaning is one that already positively marks out a field and to identify and analyse the mechanisms used for such marking and selection. It is my contention that these mechanisms predate the persuasion to a moral path; they are the process through which this path is constructed as meaningful. This thesis is elucidated through an analysis of the tactics of meaning in Kant's moral theory. Kant turns to aesthetics as a means of corroboration for his moral theory, but he also attempts to limit the scope of the interactions between his aesthetic and moral theory. For instance, when he writes on the topic of form in aesthetic taste or outlines the technical specifications of aesthetic judgment, it is arguably the arcane peculiarities of his system that are met. For this reason, Kant insists on the merely analogical relations between beauty and morality. However, it is also possible to see how certain aspects of Kant's aesthetic theory execute wider, and potentially more important, functions for his practical philosophy, such as providing meaningful orientation for the ascetic moral attitude of his duty-ethics. In this respect, certain figures of Kant's aesthetic theory may well be viewed as complementing the dependence in his moral philosophy, in the important sections on moral pedagogy and methodology, on appeals to heroic models and stories as ways of shaping and inculcating the moral disposition. This paper considers these aspects of interaction between Kant's aesthetic and moral philosophies as both (1) a problem for the consistency of his philosophy given his avowed exclusion of aesthetic and religious elements of meaning in his duty-ethics; and (2) as a case study for the new, schematic analysis of "moral figuration" outlined in the paper.     

当代中国道德价值共识构建探究

道德价值共识根植于民族的文化传统,反映了社会的利益结构,维系着国家命脉。道德价值共识根源于特定社会的生产方式,产生于现实的交往实践中,并与人的需要紧密相关。构建道德价值共识必须立足中国国情,遵循道德发展规律,维护人民群众利益,秉承优秀传统文化,以开放的精神兼收并蓄并服务于社会的长远发展。道德价值共识的构建思路应充分考虑当前中国社会的国情,分层面构建道德价值共识体系,明确核心道德价值追求,以利益共享夯实道德价值共识根基,并形成完整的科学体系。     

寻租腐败:一种经济学分析视角

腐败现象,从经济学的角度讲,其性质是一种寻租活动。“寻租”是指人类社会中追求非生产性经济利益的活动。寻租活动的危害主要有:权力的滥用和腐化;社会资源的巨大浪费;社会成员是非价值传统观和对政府合法性认同感的丧失。寻租从本质上说是权力寻租行为。在我国正处于向市场经济过渡的转轨时期,制度“真空”的存在是权力寻租的主要根源。因此,遏制寻租腐败源头的根本措施在于制度创新。     

政治学行政学前沿:研究路径与方法论

前沿是一个学科发展的新趋势、新思潮、新分支、新主题和新方法,代表了学术研究方向性的创新思想、观念、原理和体系。研究政治学、行政学理论前沿,可以从具有重大时代意义的话题、社会广泛关注的难题、学界集中研究的论题、政府部门的治理命题中去把握,应当在创新性强的实践中去体验和阐发。研究理论前沿是为了创造前沿性思想。按照学术的成长规律、演化规律和整合规律,运用目标分析、比较研究、趋势分析、多学科交叉研究等创新研究方法论,研究政治学、行政学理论前沿,可望从中打开学术创新的“窗口”。     

The Iroquois Confederation Constitution: An Analysis

The Iroquois Confederation was not an influence on the U.S.Constitution, but it is worthy of study as an independentlydeveloped political system with the oldest surviving constitutionin North America. A systematic institutional analysis of theGreat Binding Law, the orally transmitted constitution of theConfederation, reveals, among other things: tribal inequalitydespite their formal equality under a unanimity rule; a highlevel of responsiveness despite a nondemocratic, elitist methodfor selecting leaders; many ancillary institutions for achievinga traditional form of consensus rather than simple majorityrule; two means of elevating men to the Confederation Council,each a paradoxical blend of the pre political and the post-traditional;the first use of a formal amendment process in constitutionalhistory; and an underlying "code of imperialism" that, togetherwith the second method of selecting Confederation Council members,transformed a defensive alliance into a potent actor in NorthAmerican history. Overall, the Confederation institutionallyapproximated an Aristotelian "mixed regime" which, despite itscreation under circumstances the Iroquois describe in Hobbesianterms, was quite libertarian.     

Applying the Environment Shaping Methodology: Conceptual and Practical Challenges

Abstract

Repatriation has long been the international community's preferred solution to refugee crises. This article argues that repatriation must be understood not in terms of physical return but as a process of political rapprochement between citizen, community and state. In particular, this work takes account of the need to accommodate community-based political identities. Repatriation should be conceived of as the deliberate remaking of a social compact between not only refugee-citizen and state but also refugee-nation and state. This offers a means for resolving the inherent contradiction between the notion of universal human rights and contemporary political organization which determines meaningful access to these rights on the basis of group or national identities. This is particularly important given the role of group-based conflict in causing mass refugee flight.