故乡的黄桷树

在重庆，黄桷树是相当常见的，在城里，在乡下，在铅色的水泥道旁，在半山的崖壁上……似乎在有人的地方就总能觅到它们的身影。我住的小区水池边也有一棵黄桷树，在炎炎夏日里，摇曳着那一片赏心的青翠，那是小孩们嬉戏玩闹的天堂。有时在午休的邻居被高呼小叫吵醒，大喊一声“是谁家的小孩在那里吵”，那群孩子顷刻间就鸟散了，但过不了多久他们必又折返回来。     

祖国美

我的祖国美 美在山 美在水 美在壮丽 美在雄伟 美在中华儿女的心内     

襄汾县公安局刑警大队涉爆案件侦查中队严打犯罪保平安

国务委员、公安部部长孟建柱同志在山西视察指导工作时强调，“山西公安工作要走在中西部地区的前列，争取一些工作指标走在全国的前列”，并提出了“在加强基层基础工作、夯实公安工作根基上走在前列，在加强信息化建设、运用科技手段打击犯罪上走在前列，在加强执法规范化建设、提高执法水平上走在前列，在加强社会管理工作、推动社会管理创新上走在前列，在加强公安队伍建设、构建和谐警民关系上走在前列”的具体要求。     

如花绽放

正设立三八节是女性权益保障之路上的里程碑,让我们看到了女性在社会上的重要作用。一百多年过去了,妇女的一切都在悄然发生着深刻的变化,女性已成为社会的主人,"男女平等"不再是一句口号。在机关单位,在农田草原,在矿山工厂,在领导岗位,在生产一线,在示范区实现经济转型的整个过程中,到处有女同胞忙碌的身影。     

石头城的传说

塔什库尔干在维吾尔语里为“石头城”的意思,因城北有古代石砌城堡而得名、在中亚有三个“塔什库尔干”,第一个在阿富汗境内,第二个在原苏联,第三个就在中国新疆的塔什库尔干县了。在塔什库尔干县城。最醒目的标志性建筑就是山上的老石头城堡了。不论我站在县城的街道上。     

一个小故事改变历史

夜不眠 那是1941年的冬天。 那一年，第二次世界大战的战火在熊熊燃烧。全世界都在流血，在遭难，在呻吟，在挣扎。     

审查审计报告重在审查鉴定人资格和鉴定结论的可靠性

对于审计机关在审计活动中形成的审计报告,其在证据法上的地位和效力在司法实务和证据理论上存在着诸多争议。在司法实务中,比较容易产生争议问题的是,审计证据在作为鉴定结论组成部分时的证据资格审查。公安机关、检察机关在依法收集审计信息后可以委托鉴定人对审计信息进行鉴定,以查明     

论复杂问语在刑事讯问中使用的合理性与条件

复杂问语在刑事侦查问话中是一种谋略手段,在刑事侦查问话中有着其明显的合理性,但必须有条件的使用。即:在掌握犯罪嫌疑人确凿证据的条件下使用;在对某件事情极端怀疑的情况下使用;在犯罪嫌疑人明显说谎的情况下使用;在犯罪嫌疑人口供矛盾的情况下使用;在根据证据和事理推断能深挖犯罪的情况下使用;在侦查线索不明朗的情况下使用。     

坚定职业理想与职业信念简

检察事业的成败，关键在干部，落实在行动；检察干警的整体素质．直接关系到检察工作的发展。新时期的青年检察干部，必须在你追我赶的进程中寻找差距、在纷繁复杂的社会中准确定位、在快速发展的大潮中实现人生的价值。     

对供应合同购买人利益的法律保护

<正> 苏联现行的法律对供应合同的购买人(或需求人、定作人)赋予了广泛的权利,以便在通常完成产品生产的下列各种情况下:1)在制定计划工作和确定供应合同的产品量时;2)在产品的生产中;3)在产品的运输、包装时;4)在产品的交接时;5)在违反供应合同的条件时,给供应人(制作人或采办人)以卓有实效的影响。这里,我们只研究在商品产品的生产阶段使用的,以及在违反供应合同的条件时适用的     

Partial program evaluation with observational data: the effect of treatment on drug addiction

A partial identification methodology is proposed in which self-selection into treatment is motivated by the expectation that treatment is beneficial. Identification is partial because it is not possible to establish empirically that treatment is effective. However, it is possible to establish that treatment is ineffective or even harmful. The evaluation methodology combines control function estimation with differences-in-differences in which the treatment effect is qualitative. The methodology is illustrated using administrative data on drug addicts in Israel in which some addicts were treated and others were not. Controlling for observed heterogeneity, we find that there is no significant difference in the change in drug use frequency between the treated and the untreated. Therefore, although it was not possible to demonstrate that treatment is beneficial, it is possible to establish that it is not beneficial. This type of negative evaluation is most probably useful in many other contexts.     

代议制与公共财政——近代西方代议制宪政模式的形成及其作用机理分析

宪政包含着责任政府原则,其核心价值之一,就在于确保国家权力的公共性,以便保证国家权力用于公共服务。透视近代西方国家宪政的发展历程,就会注意到近代西方国家的宪政模式是代议制,而代议制宪政模式的作用机理又是与国家财政的公共化建构紧密联系在一起的。代议制既是近代西方国家的宪政模式,又是近代西方国家财政公共化建构的制度之基。因为,只有确保国家财政的公共化才能确保国家权力的公共性。这也正是近代西方宪政模式与其古典和中世纪时期宪政模式的不同之处:后者主要是通过司法来规制国王所代表的行政权力,表现为司法型宪政模式;而前者主要是通过议会对国家财政的公共化组建和监管,来实施对行政权力的政治规范和约束,表现为代议制型宪政模式。     

犯罪化基准论纲

犯罪化包括刑事立法上的犯罪化和刑事司法上的犯罪化。立法上的犯罪化是解决前实定法上的实质犯罪的犯罪化问题,司法上的犯罪化是实现实定法上的形式犯罪的犯罪化问题。立法上的犯罪化基准其根据是行为具有应受刑罚处罚程度的社会危害性,其原则是刑法的谦抑原则和合理性原则;司法上的犯罪化基准其根据是刑事违法性和社会危害性,其原则是刑法的谦抑原则和合法性原则。     

Estimation of the quantity of a drug in a consignment from measurements on a sample

A consignment of individual packages is thought to contain illegal material, such as drugs, in some or all of the packages. A sample from the consignment is inspected and the quantity of drugs in each package of the sample is measured. It is desired to estimate the total quantity of drugs in the consignment. Sampling variation is present in the original measurements and it is not sufficient just to adjust the sample mean pro rata. An analysis is described which takes account of the uncertainty concerning the proportion of the packages that contain drugs and provides a probabilistic summary of the quantity of drugs in the consignment. In particular, a probabilistic lower bound for the quantity of drugs in the consignment is given, which is dependent on the required standard of proof. This is in contrast to the approach based on confidence intervals which assumes that in the long run, the interval will contain the correct quantity the appropriate proportion of the time, but gives no measure of uncertainty associated with the particular consignment under consideration.     

中国法律环境下对赌协议的法律性质及效力分析——兼评“苏州海富诉甘肃世恒”案

本文认为,从性质上讲,对赌协议是一种射幸合同,也是无名合同．其法律适用必须依照合同法总则规定。对赌协议作为私募股权投资中的一个环节、一项重要投资工具,符合社会需求．其并不必然违反法律中的效力性禁止规范,也并不一定侵犯股东的利益。     

人质危机事件战术性谈判处置模式研究

劫持人质事件中警队谈判组与攻击单位是处置的核心力量,现场规范架构中谈判小组与攻击单位的配合是处置的关键所在,在和平谈判无望或情况危机时,谈判小组通过及时转入战术性谈判来提供准确情报与引导攻击行动,在保障多方安全的同时可提高攻击效率,最大可能减少伤亡与降低事件处置成本。     

The psychodynamics of the presidential assassin and an examination of the theme/graphic variables of his threatening correspondence

A case of fatal Reye's syndrome presenting as the second sudden infant death in a family is described. The increasing interest in fatty change in the liver in cases of sudden infant death syndrome is noted and it is suggested that standardised interpretation of findings is essential if its significance is to be correctly evaluated.     

A principal-agent model of corruption

One of the new avenues in the study of political corruption is that of neo-institutional economics, of which the principal-agent theory is a part. In this article a principal-agent model of corruption is presented, in which there are two principals (one of which is corrupting), and one agent (who is corrupted). The behaviour of these principals and agent is analysed in terms of the costs and benefits associated with different actions. The model is applied to political corruption in representative democracies, showing that, contrary to common belief, the use of principal-agent models is not limited to bureaucratic corruption. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Extraction of diquat with 1-butanol from biological materials

Diquat can be extracted with 1-butanol from high pH solution in the presence of several moderate reductants. The red colored reduced compound of diquat in water turns to a purple compound in 1-butanol. The absorption of the purple compound is 0.105 at 383 nm and 0.119 at 520 nm in 1 microgram diquat/ml 1-butanol. The latter value is a little higher than that of the red compound at 495 nm in water. The purple compound is much more stable than the red compound in water. More than 80% of 10 ppm diquat added can be extracted from serum, blood, tissues, urine and some drinks. The extraction with 1-butanol is useful for concentration of diquat contained in large volume. The lower limit of detection is 0.1 microgram/ml 1-butanol. Paraquat is insoluble in 1-butanol under the same condition. Therefore, this method is applicable for the determination of diquat when paraquat is also contained in the solution.     

行政立法责任略论

行政立法责任,是法律责任体系中的“飞地”。这与现代社会有行政有法律、有法律有救济的原则格格不入,亦是造成行政立法恣意妄为的主要原因。虽然追究行政立法责任有一定的困难,但这并不能成为行政立法无责任或免责的理由。现实要求确立行政立法责任追究机制以及建立行政立法赔偿制度。