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在侦查讯问中,累犯、惯犯的讯问始终是侦查人员讯问的重点和难点,也是提高办案质量的一个重要的切入点。因此,研究累犯、惯犯的特点,制定相应的讯问策略和方法是十分必要和重要的。 相似文献
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Abstract Deception detection has largely failed to investigate guilty and innocent suspects’ strategies. In this study, mock suspects (n=82) were interrogated by police trainees (n=82) who either were or were not trained in the technique to strategically use the evidence (the SUE technique). Analyses revealed that guilty suspects to a higher degree than innocent suspects applied strategies in order to appear truthful. Guilty suspects reported diverse strategies, while innocent suspects reported the strategy to tell the truth like it had happened, indicating a belief in the visibility of innocence. The realism in the suspects’ expectation about how their veracity was judged was largely dependent on the way in which they had been interrogated. The truth-telling suspects who were interrogated according to the SUE technique were optimistic about being judged as truthful; this optimism was warranted as the vast majority of them were classified as truthful. The SUE technique seems to help (a) spotting guilty suspects without them being aware of it and (b) spotting innocent suspects, and they become aware of it. That innocent (but not guilty) suspects can read how the interrogator views them is advantageous for the investigative process. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe study examines the counter-interrogation strategies applied by mock suspects (N?=?94), who are innocent of a mock crime under investigation but who were present at the scene, for different reasons, at around the time the crime occurred. Half were present at the crime scene to carry out a lawful act, the other half to carry out an unlawful act. Furthermore, this study examines the effect of the Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique as a strategic interviewing technique (vs. a non-strategic technique), on suspects’ statement-evidence inconsistencies. Participants were randomly assigned to the two interview conditions (strategic vs. non-strategic) and were interviewed as suspects of a crime, which none of them had committed. The results show that the most commonly used counter-interrogation strategy in both groups was to be honest. However, 26.1% of the innocent suspects, performing an unlawful act, reported the strategy to be deceptive. In addition, the statements of suspects executing an unlawful act were significantly more inconsistent with the evidence in the strategic than the non-strategic interview condition. The increased statement-evidence inconsistency rates potentially put these suspects at risk of being assessed as guilty of a crime they did not commit. 相似文献
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证据作为证明的根据丧失了其客观性基础,异化的证据以主观性的形态出现。造成这种异化的原因是证据与证据运用概念的混淆。通过证据与证据运用的区分对证据重释,使证据回归其本来面目,主观性不再是证据的属性。证据的回归可以合理解释司法证明过程中的一些难题。 相似文献
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既往的研究太多从非法证据排除规则粗疏这一制度层面解释非法证据难以有效排除的原因,但这并不充分。从结果层面而言,非法证据没有被排除在很大程度上意味着被采纳。对非法证据难以有效排除的研究必须深入解析法官采纳非法证据的内在原因。法官证据运用的形式主义化、刑法的主观主义倾向以及司法实务部门对证明力规则的过度追求等因素,是诱发法官采纳非法证据的重要原因,并由此造成了非法证据难以有效排除。在非法证据排除的问题上,我们不能仅限于非法证据排除规则的完善,还需将证据信息的供给、刑事实体法的调整、证明方法的转换以及证据能力规则的建设等均纳入视野。 相似文献
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杨玲 《西南政法大学学报》2002,4(3):102-105
本文通过对狭义瑕疵证据及其证明力的辨析,反驳了在此问题上的许多片面观点和认识,强调了现代社会刑事诉讼中的证据对人权保护的重要意义,并指出:在刑事诉讼中对瑕疵证据一律不得采信,瑕疵证据不能成为定案的根据。 相似文献
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本文探讨了证据科学的要素。本文认为,证据科学必须是多学科的,或者整合性的。如果我们分享彼此基于证据的推理方面的思想和经验,我们都会受益于稳固确立的证据科学。 相似文献
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The strategic use of evidence in interviews with suspects has been shown to increase the ability of interviewers to accurately and consistently distinguish truthful from deceptive accounts. The present study considers the effect of early and gradual revelation of evidence by the interviewer, and the effect of shorter and longer delay on the verbal quality of truth-teller and liar statements within a mock crime paradigm. It was hypothesised that gradual disclosure of evidence (1) in terms of inconsistencies (a) within statements and (b) between statements and such evidence and (2) of the criteria of Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) and of Reality Monitoring (RM) would emphasise differences in the verbal quality of truth-teller and liar statements. Forty-two high school students took part in the study. The use of statement-evidence and within-statement inconsistency appears to be a robust cue to deception across interview style and delay. This indicates that gradual disclosure in interviews may increase interviewer accuracy in veracity decisions by eliciting statement inconsistencies. However, gradual revelation and delay affected the ability of CBCA and RM criteria to distinguish the veracity of suspect statements. 相似文献
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聂昭伟 《西南政法大学学报》2007,9(2):33-41
证据规则立法演变呈现出如下规律:首先,在证明力问题上,法官的判断经历了从不自由到自由的过程,证据证明力日渐脱离法律的规定,而进入法官自由裁量的范围;其次,证据能力属于法律问题,应当成为各国证据立法的重心所在。我国当前证据立法与上述规律背道而驰,其中,证据能力规则不仅数量稀疏,而且质量不高;相反,证明力规则却显得相当庞杂,占据了证据规则体系的主干地位。为此,在将证据立法重心由证明力转向证据能力的同时,又要防止矫枉过正。一方面,我国尚未形成自由心证约束机制,仍然需要一定的证明力规则来制约法官的心证;另一方面,我国当前证据资源有限,证据能力排除规则又不宜规定过多,以避免对案件事实真相认定产生障碍。 相似文献
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本文探讨了证据科学的要素。本文认为,证据科学必须是多学科的,或者整合性的。如果我们分享彼此基于证据的推理方面的思想和经验,我们都会受益于稳固确立的证据科学。 相似文献
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证据的适格性是判断诉讼中的某项证据是否具备法定资格的依据,其判断标准是合法性和关联性,其作用是确定证据调查的范围,并为进一步对进行证据证明力的评价和判断提供必要前提.证据适格性虽与英美法中的证据可采性属于同一范畴的概念,但实质内容并不完全等同. 相似文献
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论我国民事诉讼中“新的证据” 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
“新的证据”的规则是证据规则中的必要组成部分。依据《民事诉讼法》和《民事诉讼证据规则》,可以界定新的证据的含义及其特点。新的证据的排除和认同要根据不同的审理程序和情形来进行。一方当事人提出新的证据,对方当事人可以通过不同的途径,在合理期限内提出抗辩。此外,由于提交新的证据而产生的合理费用,要根据公平原则,在符合一定条件时,由当事人分担。 相似文献
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证据能力是证据制度要解决的核心问题之一,其主要关注的是证据在刑事诉讼过程中的准入问题。大陆法系和英美法系国家在证据资格问题上都注重防止不符合法定条件的证据材料进入到诉讼过程中,以避免法官因此形成不恰当的心证。不同的是,大陆法系国家要求法官在严格证明程序的规制下行使自由裁量权,立法上对证据能力问题较少具有普适性的规定;而英美法系国家则设立专门的程序来解决证据的可采性.并根据大量的证据规则来约束法官的自由裁量权。我国现行的证据能力制度存在诸多缺陷。在构建我国能力制度的时候.可以吸取国外的先进经验,一方面建立相应的证据能力规则,另一方面完善相关的程序,使证据能力制度真正发挥其制度功能,保障法官在审判过程免受不当因素的影响。 相似文献
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行政程序中的证据规则及其立法问题,在理论上和实践中一直未得到应有的重视,究其症结在于学术界和实务界对行政证据规则和诉讼证据规则的关系缺乏科学的认识.寻求两者之间科学合理的划分标准,发现其中的多样化联系,以及建构完善的行政证据规则体系,具有重大的理论价值和实践意义. 相似文献
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电子数据的获取程序是否规范直接影响电子数据真实性的认定。电子数据提取笔录由于能够客观反映电子数据获取的过程而成为对电子数据进行鉴真的重要依据,它既能够连接电子数据与案件事实,又反映了取证过程的合法性和保管链条的完整性。从属性上看,电子数据提取笔录具有独立的证据属性,它不仅有别于物证、书证和证人证言,而且有别于其他笔录类证据。对电子数据提取笔录的证据资格和证明力的判断也具有特殊性。当前,可通过同步录音录像、引入外部监督、明确制作人员义务等方式规范电子数据提取笔录的适用。 相似文献
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调控政策、承诺可置信性与信赖利益保护——动态不一致性理论下的宏观调控法治建构进路 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着国家发改委关于制定宏观调控基本法之立法动议的提出,宏观调控的“规则之治”再度引起法学界的关注。然而,对于调控措施在时间序列上的一致性,即调控承诺的可置信性之法理考察仍暂付阙如。依循动态不一致性理论,有必要围绕信息费用约束下的归责原则、责任构造以及立基于知识分工的实施机制确立信赖利益保护,以之作为在调控主体与受体间重新分配违背调控承诺所致损失的分割器,为稳定调控受体预期、提高调控绩效奠定制度基础。 相似文献