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Research investigating women’s risk assessments for intimate partner violence (IPV) shows that women can predict future violence
with relative accuracy. Limited research has investigated factors that are associated with perceived risk and the potential
behavioral consequences of victim risk perception. Results from a survey of women in a domestic violence shelter (N = 56) indicated that women perceive lower risk of future violence if the abusive relationship were to end and higher risk
of violence if it were to continue. Certain abuse experiences were related to elevated perceptions of personal risk for future
violence. Further, perceived personal risk predicted the women’s intention to terminate their relationship upon leaving shelter.
Results are discussed as they may inform interventions preventing IPV.
相似文献
Marie Helweg-LarsenEmail: |
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Drawing on Connell’s (Gender and power: Society, the person and sexual politics. California: Stanford University Press, 1987; Masculinities. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995) model of gender relations, this paper examines patterns of intimate partner violence among women who have recently left
an abusive partner. In so doing, we attempt to better understand the social structural factors that shape the relations of
power and control in intimate violent heterosexual unions. The data come from the first wave of a longitudinal prospective
survey of 309 women who had left an abusive partner in the previous 3 years. Our data suggest that structured relations of
inequality, namely relations of production, power and cathexis, shape women’s risk of abuse and harassment after leaving,
and do so in ways that shape relations of coercive control. These results have implications for understanding the social context
within which male violence against women occurs, and how this context constrains and/or enables women’s strategies for leaving
and safety.
This research was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) New Emerging Team Grant #106054 and Institute
of Gender and Health Operating Grant #15156 (Marilyn Ford-Gilboe, Principal Investigator). The authors thank the participants
in the Women’s Health Effects Study. We also thank Julie McMullin, Kim Shuey, and the Health Effects research team for their
helpful feedback. 相似文献
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Eaton DK Davis KS Barrios L Brener ND Noonan RK 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2007,22(5):585-602
This study examined the association of victimization in a physically violent dating relationship with risk behaviors, age of risk behavior initiation, and co-occurrence of risk behaviors among students in grades 9 through 12 in the United States. Data were from the 2003 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Nearly 9% of students reported experiencing dating violence victimization. Dating violence victimization was associated with alcohol use, marijuana use, and having ever had sexual intercourse among female students and having ever had sexual intercourse among male students. Dating violence victimization also was associated with early initiation of alcohol use among female students. The odds of dating violence victimization increased as the number of risk behaviors increased and as the number of lifetime sexual partners increased. These risk behavior patterns should serve as warning signs of elevated risk for dating violence victimization and may be helpful in identifying adolescents who could benefit from targeted, preventive interventions. 相似文献
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This study explores how women’s functional limitations resulting from domestic violence lead to police involvement. Examining
functionality is a broader approach to exploring domestic violence outcomes than looking at injuries or impairments, and in
this study we look at the social participation aspects of social functioning. One hundred eleven battered women in four metropolitan
cities in the U.S. participated in anonymous telephone surveys. Approximately 80% of the battered women in the sample were
involved with the police due to their experiences of domestic violence. Women’s functionality was significantly associated
with battered women’s police involvement after controlling for socio-demographic and violence-related covariates. The current
study identifies one aspect of women’s functioning–social participation–as a critical predictor of their seeking of help from
the police, and suggests implications for practice, including the need for police and domestic violence agencies to have awareness
of the concept of functional limitations within a broader context of understanding disability. 相似文献
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Kent R. Kerley Xiaohe Xu Bangon Sirisunyaluck Joseph M. Alley 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(3):337-347
Investigators who study intimate partner violence have long recognized a relationship between exposure to violence in the
family of origin and subsequent offending and victimization in the family context. This relationship holds not only for direct
exposure (i.e., experiencing violence), but also for indirect exposure (i.e., witnessing violence against a parent or sibling).
Typically, this relationship has been attributed to a social learning process that results in the intergenerational transmission of family violence. In this study, we explore intergenerational transmission in a sample of 816 married women in Bangkok, Thailand to determine
how childhood exposure to violence in the family of origin is related to intimate partner perpetration and victimization during
adulthood. Our results show that there are indeed long-term and significant effects of childhood exposure to family violence
on the likelihood of Thai women’s psychological and physical intimate partner perpetration. However, these effects appear
to be indirect. Additionally, our results demonstrate a direct association between childhood exposure to parental intimate
partner violence and subsequent psychological and physical victimization in adulthood. 相似文献
8.
Krim K. Lacey 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(7):669-677
Based upon a subsample from the National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS) this article examines the role of socioeconomic
status, relationship investment and psychological abuse in Black and Hispanic women’s decisions to leave or stay in violent
relationships. Racial and ethnic differences and similarities were found in the factors related to staying or leaving violent
relationships. Black women stayed in violent relationships at a slightly higher rate than Hispanic women. Marital status,
presence of other adults in the household, and psychological abuse influenced Black women’s staying/leaving decision. Household
income and psychological abuse were factors in whether Hispanic women remained in or exited violent relationships. Recommendations
for possible interventions are discussed. 相似文献
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Pamela C. Alexander 《Journal of family violence》2011,26(4):255-261
This study examined the long-term effects of childhood maltreatment, intimate partner violence (IPV) and work interference
on women’s employment in a sample of 135 housed or homeless women. Work interference (defined as a partner’s interference
with or restraint of a woman’s working) was reported by 60% of women who had experienced IPV and was more common among non-Hispanic
White women. Abuse history of any type was not predictive of women’s employment or receiving job training, but child sexual
abuse history and lifetime IPV were predictive of non-Hispanic White women’s not looking for a job. Receiving job training
was negatively correlated with women’s current mental health. The study suggests different but overlapping pathways to the
outcome of underemployment for racial/ethnic minority and majority women—namely, macro level factors and individual vulnerability
factors, respectively. The need for trauma-informed services for unemployed and/or homeless women is highlighted. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to investigate the factors associated with the acceptance of wife beating among currently married
men and women living in disadvantaged Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan. The study uses data from a cross-sectional survey
of 3,100 households from 12 refugee camps, conducted in 1999, with a sub-sample of 395 married women and men selected for
this analysis. Associations between acceptance of wife beating and experience of abuse as well as other risk factors are assessed
for men and women separately, using χ
2 tests and odds ratios from binary logistic regression models. The majority of men (60.1%) and women (61.8%) believe that
wife beating is justified in at least one of the eight hypothetical marital situations presented to them. Among women, those
that had been victims of intimate partner violence are significantly more likely to report acceptance of wife beating. Among
men, acceptance of wife beating is also significantly associated with their current age, labor force participation, their
view on women’s autonomy, and their own history as perpetrators of IPV. The majority of respondents justify wife beating in
this context, with essentially no difference between men and women. Acceptance of wife beating by both men and women was strongly
associated with previous experiences of wife beating adjusting for other risk factors. 相似文献
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Katrien Symons Sabine Hellemans Mieke Van Houtte Hans Vermeersch 《Journal of family violence》2016,31(6):759-769
Young people who grow up in a violent family context are more vulnerable to become victims of sexual aggression outside the family context. The present study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms that explain this link among young women by looking at the mediating role of sexual exposure behavior and target vulnerability. Data were used from an online survey among 237 young women aged 16 to 26 (M?=?21.0 years, SD?=?2.75). Experiencing violence from (one of) the parents and to a lesser extent witnessing interparental violence were related to an elevated risk for sexual victimization. Witnessing interparental violence was related to increased target vulnerability but this factor did not mediate the link with sexual victimization. Experiencing parental violence was related to both increased sexual exposure behavior and increased target vulnerability and these factors did mediate the link with sexual victimization. 相似文献
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Rebecca Weston 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):483-493
Men’s emotional abuse and violence have a broad and pervasive impact on women that may include long-term effects on women’s
attachment and relationship quality. In this longitudinal study, women’s Wave 6 ratings of their insecure attachment were
hypothesized to mediate the relationship between partners’ Wave 5 abuse (emotional and physical) and Wave 6 relationship quality,
with differences in associations by women’s Wave 5 self-classification as secure or insecure. Mediation was tested with data
from a sample of 574 African American, Euro-American, and Mexican American community women who had completed at least three
waves of a six wave study. Differences occurred in the final structural equation models by women’s Wave 5 attachment style,
with direct paths from emotional abuse to insecure attachment and from violence to relationship quality for both groups, but
direct effects of violence on relationship quality only for insecurely attached women. 相似文献
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The objective of this study is to examine the social determinants of violent victimization, with the principal focus being directed at the significance of neighbourhood conditions. By combining data from victim surveys with information on the neighbourhoods in which the survey respondents live, we have been able to study both the individual and household characteristics, and also the factors specific to different neighbourhoods that are associated with violent victimization. What we are able to show is that the violence that occurs in the residential neighbourhood constitutes only a small fraction of the violent incidents to which people are exposed. Further, the violence that occurs within the neighbourhood takes place to a large extent within the victim's home. This suggests that exposure to violence is associated with neighbourhood conditions only to a limited extent. More detailed analyses of the violence that does occur within the neighbourhood show no effects of neighbourhood conditions when controls are included for individual and household characteristics. The conclusion, therefore, is that we are unable to find any clear neighbourhood effects in relation to violent victimization. The differences that we initially note between different types of neighbourhood in the proportions reporting exposure to violence are too a large degree the result of selection processes. These do not, however, in themselves increase the risk for violent victimization. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to identify longitudinal predictors of any (versus no) episodes of recurrent intimate partner
violence (IPV) and their severity among low-income inner-city women. A secondary analysis was conducted on data from an inception
cohort of 321 previously abused women from the Chicago Women’s Health Risk Study. In a multivariable logistic regression model,
pregnancy, frequency of IPV in the year prior to the baseline interview, and the partner’s use of power and control tactics
increased the odds of recurrent IPV during the follow-up period and leaving an abusive partner reduced the odds. In a multivariate
proportional odds logistic regression model, partner violence outside the home was associated with higher severity of recurrent
IPV, but leaving an abusive partner was not. The results suggest that, for low-income women, leaving an abusive partner may
reduce the risk of recurrent victimization without increasing severity of the recurrent attacks that do occur. 相似文献
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Judith A. Ryder 《Critical Criminology》2007,15(1):19-40
This study analyzes the role of trauma and disrupted attachments in the development of adolescent girls’ violent behavior.
A grounded theory approach was applied to the narratives of 24 young women (age 13–16 years old) who were adjudicated and
remanded to custody for an assault or robbery. Three types of loss were inductively derived from the data (death of a loved
one, physical absence, and psychological unavailability) as were two categories of violence (in the home and in the community).
Findings suggest that extensive losses and violent experiences disrupted the young women’s attachment to their caregivers,
and these experiences were disregarded or inadequately addressed. Detachment and the absence of supportive others left the
young women poised to engage in a variety of maladaptive behaviors including violence. Theoretical and programmatic implications
are discussed. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to determine the effects of violence on the reproductive health of women and utilization of reproductive
health services. The study population consisted of 250 married women aged 15 to 49, selected from patients at two different
hospitals’ obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Ankara, Turkey. A data collection form and the “Scale of Marital Violence
Against Women” were used to obtain data. According to the study, women who have lower education levels and who first experience
marriage and sexual intercourse at a younger age suffer from violence more frequently. Women experiencing violence have higher
gravida and para numbers. The majority of these women has not undergone appropriate prenatal care and delivered their babies
under the supervision of a health care professional. These women have been using traditional and ineffective contraceptive
methods. Marital violence has led to unfavorable effects on these women’s reproductive health and utilization of reproductive
health services. 相似文献
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Using National Crime Victimization Survey data (1992–2004), this study analyzed the effects of household variables, victim characteristics, and incident characteristics on three household
family violence patterns (single victimization, repeat victimization and co-occurrence). Eighty percent of family violence
households experienced one victimization; 15% experienced repeat victimization; 5% experienced co-occurrence. The total number
of people in the household was positively related to multiple violent victimization households, especially co-occurrence households.
Victims with less than a high school education (compared to victims with a high school education) had significantly higher
odds of living in a co-occurrence household versus a repeat victimization household. Victims who experienced threatened attacks
compared to completed attacks with no injury had higher odds of living in single victimization or repeat victimization households
but had lower odds of living in co-occurrence households. Respondents victimized by ex-spouses, parents/stepparents, siblings,
and other relatives had consistently higher odds of living in co-occurrence households versus repeat victimization households
compared to those victimized by spouses. 相似文献
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Cecilia Casanueva Sandra L. Martin Desmond K. Runyan Richard P. Barth Robert H. Bradley 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):413-427
Children are overrepresented in households with intimate-partner violence (IPV), and many suffer the double burden of being
the subject of maltreatment and bearing the consequences of abuse to their mothers. Despite this situation, little information
exists concerning parenting by women who have been abused by an intimate partner. We examine the relationship between women’s
experiences with IPV and the quality of maternal parenting using data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being.
The sample consisted of 1,943 female caregivers of children younger than 10 years investigated for child maltreatment. Women
who had experienced IPV in the past but were no longer victims of IPV had significantly better parenting scores than women
who were currently experiencing IPV, when other risk factors were controlled. This study adds to the evidence that IPV does
not necessarily impair maternal parenting. Women abused by an intimate partner deserve a thorough assessment of what services
they need: parenting services should be offered as warranted on a case-by-case evaluation of the particular woman’s parenting
skills. 相似文献
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Beidi Dong Christopher N. Morrison Charles C. Branas Therese S. Richmond Douglas J. Wiebe 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2020,36(1):119-152
This study clarifies three important issues regarding situational or opportunity theories of victimization: (1) whether engaging in risk activities triggers violent assault during specific, often fleeting moments, (2) how environmental settings along individuals’ daily paths affect their risk of violent assault, and (3) whether situational triggers have differential effects on violent assault during the day versus night. Using an innovative GIS-assisted interview technique, 298 young male violent assault victims in Philadelphia, PA described their activity paths over the course of the day of being assaulted. Case-crossover analyses compared each subject’s exposure status at the time of assault with his own statuses earlier in the day (stratified by daytime and nighttime). Being at an outdoor/public space, conducting unstructured activities, and absence of guardians increase the likelihood of violent victimization at a fine spatial–temporal scale at both daytime and nighttime. Yet, the presence of friends and environmental characteristics have differential effects on violent victimization at daytime versus nighttime. Moreover, individual risk activities appeared to exhibit better predictive performance than did environmental characteristics in our space–time situational analyses. This study demonstrates the value of documenting how individuals navigate their daily activity space, and ultimately advances our understanding of youth violence from a real-time, real-life standpoint. 相似文献
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This article reports a study of women victimized by intimate partner violence (IPV). We describe three interactional aspects
of IPV: (1) responses and conduct before, during, and after IPV episodes, (2) impact of alcohol and drug intoxication, and
(3) Predictors of risk for IPV victimization in more than one partnership. A representative sample of 157 help-seeking women,
recruited from family counseling offices, the police and shelters, were interviewed about physical, psychological and sexual
IPV. The nature and characteristics of the IPV interactions were complex and heterogeneous. There were significant interactional
differences between the IPV categories concerning the women’s responses and conduct before, during and after the IPV. The
impact of alcohol and drug intoxication was relatively small on the occurrence of IPV. About 75% reported that neither the
perpetrator nor the female victim had consumed alcohol or drugs before the index IPV exposure. Only 23% of the women had experienced
IPV by previous partners. Women who had been subjected to sexual abuse in their family of origin were at almost 25 times increased
risk of IPV victimization in more than one partnership. Childhood exposure to physical IPV between parents increased the risk
of IPV victimization in more than one partnership significantly more than if the woman had been subject to childhood physical
victimization. 相似文献