The Good Case: Decisions to Litigate at the World Trade Organization

This article draws upon the law-in-action, repeat players, and motive to understand how legal actors construct the "good case" in dispute settlement systems. The construction of "good cases" is examined at the World Trade Organization (WTO), a relatively new and unexplored site for the study of dispute settlement. Findings show that the good case encompasses flexible sets of motives including economic, political, and symbolic characteristics of trade grievances to mobilize WTO law. The flexibility is due to uncertainties associated with litigation, which are manifestations of four features of the WTO: the newness of the system, the organizational and legal structure of the dispute system, the context of the WTO as an intergovernmental agreement, and the persistence of inequality between states. Six variations of the good case are identified.     

Good Governance at the World Trade Organization: Building a Foundation of Administrative Law

Good governance lies at the heart of both the effectivenessand legitimacy of collective decision-making. In this essay,Professor Esty argues that, if the World Trade Organization(WTO) is to be successful in its designated role of promotingtrade liberalization and helping to manage international economicinterdependence, it needs a deeper commitment to good governance,advanced through a more refined structure of administrativerules and procedures. He identifies 14 core elements of goodgovernance and traces how administrative law might promote eachone in the WTO context. While acknowledging the difficulty ofbringing administrative law to the supranational level, Estyconcludes that there exists an emerging consensus around manyof the underpinnings of good governance—and thereforeplaces value in trying to build these elements in to the WTOpolicy-making process.     

发展区域贸易安排是我国外贸发展的急迫和必然战略选择

区域贸易安排本是为WTO允许,但发达国家发展的过多的区域贸易安排,已经影响了WTO本身的发展,尤其多哈回合谈判中止后,区域贸易安排发展更加迅猛,已经有将WTO边缘化的危险,我国应当尽快制定区域贸易安排战略,并且通过大力发展区域贸易安排,保持我国对外贸易的健康发展.     

Learning to Dispute: Repeat Participation,Expertise, and Reputation at the World Trade Organization

This mixed-method analysis examines the effects of repeat participation on disputing at the World Trade Organization (WTO). Differences between disputants in terms of their experience with WTO disputing processes affect the likelihood of a dispute transitioning to a panel review in distinct ways, depending upon the configuration of the parties. More experienced complainants tend to achieve settlements, while more experienced respondents tend to refuse conciliation. Strategies of experienced respondents are derived from the expertise generated from repeated direct participation and the normalcy of disputing for repeat players as well as the benefits accruing from a reputation for being unlikely to settle. Repeat players also seek to avoid disputes expected to produce unfavorable jurisprudence but do not actively try to create new case law through the selection of disputes. This research demonstrates a dynamic learning process in how parties use international legal forums and thus extends sociolegal scholarship beyond the nation-state.     

The Notion of Free Trade and the First Ten Years of the World Trade Organization: How Level is the ‘Level Playing Field’?

Netherlands International Law Review -     

宪法在中国实施何以艰难

一部完整的宪法典至少必须解决两项攸关宪政实现的根本问题：一是谁来判断政府机关的行为是否违宪以及违宪之后的责任承担;二是公民的基本权利遭受政府行为的侵害后如何得到宪法救济。如果以此作为衡量现行宪法是否得以充分实施的标尺的话,现行宪法在当下中国的实施仍然存在着诸多问题。一部良宪之实施何以如此艰难？概括起来,其原因主要在于“宪法不是法”的认知观念尚未被打破;法官发现法律之方法机械与教条化;最高法院司法批复客观上阻碍了宪法的可诉性;社会成员普遍缺乏宪法思维以及缺乏宪法实施的制度机制。     

我国国际贸易纠纷中的技术性因素：中国国际经济贸易仲裁案件研究

本文通过对我国国际经济贸易纠纷仲裁案件的案例研究,多角度分析了国际贸易磨擦中技术性因素的作用特征及作用机制,指出在国际贸易纠纷中技术性因素已占一半,仅靠司法调节可能赢了官司丢了市场.高度重视技术标准的作用,建立技术性贸易措施体系,不仅可以相对减少国际贸易纠纷,还有利于保护和扩大我国出口产品的国际市场,实现国际贸易中的双赢.     

以台北世贸展览场为例探讨避难标示设置概念

1 缘起与目的 台湾在展览资源的大量需求下，为能收容更多的人数，建筑物已朝向大面积、大规模且大跨距发展，使用机能亦趋复合化，尤其各类供公众使用之特殊用途建筑物如：展览场、大型卖场等等，为确保其内部使用人员生命之安全，避难标示之设置尤为重要，又各类型展览因其配置与平面分割规划需求的差异，其内部所配置的避难标示亦会产生不同的辨识状况，所以在规划不同的大型展览之际，须对避难标示之使用配置进行个案评估与检测，进而才能有效的达到避难标示设置的根本立义。     

美国商业秘密保护最新立法阐释及其对中国的启示

随着信息时代的发展,商业秘密在市场竞争中的作用愈发重要,美国2016年5月11日正式通过了《2016商业秘密保护法案》(Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016,简称DTSA),进行商业秘密的统一立法与制度创新,提高商业秘密保护的力度.本文拟通过对美国最新立法的介绍与阐释,探究其对我国商业秘密保护路径及规则完善的借鉴作用,建议我国现阶段在《反不正当竞争法》框架下引入禁令救济、惩罚性赔偿等制度强化对商业秘密的保护.     

国外好撒玛利亚人法及对我国的立法启示

近年来,救人被讹的事件屡屡发生.此类事件凸显出的不仅仅是社会道德的滑坡,更多的是法律规制的缺失.西方国家的"好撒玛利亚人法"已运行多年,并且取得了良好的社会效果,值得我国借鉴.在完善社会保障体系的同时,我国应制定一部包含救助者的范围界定、救助作为公民的一般义务、救助者的责任豁免、侵犯救助者合法权益的法律责任、举证责任等内容的全国性的保护救助者权益的"好人法",以解决目前我国社会"救不救"这一问题,维护社会和谐.     

我国入世后环境与贸易问题的法律审视

一、环境与贸易关系问题的提出 环境与贸易的关系问题，自1992年联合国环境与发展会议在《里约宣言》和《21世纪议程》中作为重要议题被正式提出后，10年来一直为国际社会及世界各国特别关注的热点，这是缘于经济全球化与环境时代革命的必然结果。……     

国际碳排放权交易及其对我国的启示

全球气候变化对各国产生了一系列的影响,碳排放权已成为新兴的交易客体,国际碳排放权的产生与发展,既为我国带来机遇,也使我国面临挑战。我国碳排放权交易市场尚处于起步阶段,建立与完善我国碳排放市场机制显得尤为重要与迫切。因此,我们应当借鉴国际碳排放权交易的经验,从法律、政策、信息透明度、政府职能等方面进行改进。     

中国外贸法下的贸易报复机制及其预期的适用

中国现行的贸易报复机制源于1994年《对外贸易法》,它的形成和发展有着特定的经济和文化背景。这一机制在本质上并不违反世贸组织规则,但那些情绪化的贸易报复条款在将来的修订中应加以改革,因为即使没有这些条款,中国作为世贸组织成员仍享有对采取歧视性贸易保护措施的国家实施贸易报复的权利。然而,鉴于世贸组织争端解决机制所确立的贸易报复规则也是不完善的,诉诸于世贸组织贸易报复机制并不意味着争端一定能公正地得以解决。因此,在“和平崛起”战略下,中国对贸易争端的处理将做战略性调整,从长远来说,在贸易争端中采取灵活的策略乃至适当的让步而不是过去那种针锋相对的对抗,不会延缓中国经济振兴的进程。