Feminism, Aestheticism and the Limits of Law

This article seeks to identify and address the normative void that resides at the heart of postmodernist-feminist theory, and to propose a philosophical framework – beyond postmodernism, but incorporating its central insights – for thinking through the normative questions with which feminists are inevitably confronted in their engagements with positive law. Two varieties of postmodernist-feminism are identified and critically analysed: the ‘corporeal feminism’ of Elizabeth Grosz and Judith Butler, which seeks to ground feminist critical practice in the irruptive capacities of the material body considered as an arte fact of social construction; and the deconstructionist feminism of Drucilla Cornell, for whom ‘the feminine’ is an indeterminate but disruptive force beyond its construction in law and in other social sites. The first component of the argument elaborated here is that each of these approaches ultimately reduces to a form of aestheticism which is incapable of generating a worthwhile and workable feminist approach to the restructuring of politics and law. The second component of the argument involves a return to aesthetics, in particular to the philosophical aesthetics of Kant’s Critique of Judgement. Kant’s aesthetic philosophy, it will be suggested, yields a framework of concepts which, duly re-manipulated, could speak to the very concerns that have inspired postmodernist-feminism: how to attend to (bodily) particularity while avoiding the dangers associated with ‘essentialism’; and how to theorise the propensity of the unrepresentable power of the feminine to exceed both embodied human capacities and the confining rein of socially privileged rationalities. Crucially, however it also responds to a set of preoccupations – those of the feminist lawyer – that cannot be accommodated by postmodernism: how to translate embodied experience into (legal) norms; generalise from the particular; seek consensus; and codify an endless potentiality in the form of law. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

法学领域热点问题扫描

随着中国社会发生的深刻变化 ,法学领域的理论研究也在不断地深入 ,对我国的改革起到了保驾护航的作用 ,对完善我国法律体系、丰富法学理论起到了积极的促进作用     

Sex Positive: Feminism,Queer Theory,and the Politics of Transgression

From the feminist ‘sex wars’ of the 1980s to the queer theory and politics of the 1990s, debates about the politics of sexuality have been at the forefront of contemporary theoretical, social, and political demands. This article seeks to intervene in these debates by challenging the terms through which they have been defined. Investigating the importance of ‘sex positivity’ and transgression as conceptual features of feminist and queer discourses, this essay calls for a new focus on the political and material effects of pro-sexuality.     

Law and the Power of Feminism: How Marriage Lost its Power to Oppress Women

In Feminism and the Power of Law Carol Smart argued that feminists should use non-legal strategies rather than looking to law to bring about women??s liberation. This article seeks to demonstrate that, as far as marriage is concerned, she was right. Statistics and contemporary commentary show how marriage, once the ultimate and only acceptable status for women, has declined in social significance to such an extent that today it is a mere lifestyle choice. This is due to many factors, including the ??sexual revolution?? of the 1960s, improved education and job opportunities for women, and divorce law reform, but the catalyst for change was the feminist critique that called for the abandonment (rather than the reform) of the institution and made the unmarried state possible for women. I conclude that this loss of significance has been more beneficial to British women in terms of the possibility of ??liberation?? than appeals for legal change and recognition, and that we should continue to be wary of looking to law to solve women??s problems.     

劳动法的能与不能--一种语境论进路的解析和思考

目前,我国正处于社会转型时期,对我国劳动法的作用、意义、宗旨应有冷静客观的认识,尤其要意识到劳动法的局限,劳动法不能的一面.我国劳动法的生存和发展的语境与西方劳动法是迥然不同的,其作用的发挥应立足我国当前的实际,重视对劳动法实践过程中我国广大民众的实践经验的累积和提炼.     

团体劳动关系法的理论课题与研究方法

所谓团体劳动关系法,是指调整劳动者团体与企业或企业团体之间的劳动关系的法律。在我国,劳动者团体主要指工会,所以我国团体劳动法的调整对象主要为工会在活动过程中所形成的社会关系〔1〕。团体劳动关系法是指以《工会法》和《劳动关系调整法》为基本构成的法律规范的总和。这些法律规范具体规定了团体劳动关系的制度构建、运行规范以及相关团体的权利义务。在市场经济下,团体劳动关系的形成并以团体劳动关系法对之予以调整,是市场经济劳动法的一个重要特点。〔2〕     

Feminism and the Gender Recognition Act 2004

This paper argues, first, that the legal construction of transsexualism is a matter of interest, not only to members of the trans community, but to all students of gender, including feminists. The paper then proceeds to explain and analyse, using feminist perspectives, key aspects of the Gender Recognition Act 2004 in the light of the recent caselaw concerning the rights of trans persons. The 2004 Act, it is argued, is a conservative move, which attempts to deny the threat transsexualism poses to the binary system of gender, by instigating a system to formally ‘recognise’ only men and or women. However, the way in which the Act constructs the public/private divide and the mind/body relation carries potential for legal recognition of subject positions which may in a variety of ways be ‘beyond’ the binary system that is currently orthodox. The paper can as such be read as a case study in the legal (re)construction of gender, the gender/sex relation, and the widespread tendency to construct gender conservatively.     

论提高劳动法学科地位的必要性和基本思路

劳动法学有其独立的调整对象和独立的法律部门地位.劳动法对劳动关系的调整在我国现阶段具有非常重要的意义,而我国劳动法律体系的建立和实施也亟需提升劳动法学研究和教育水平.现行劳动法学的学科设置难以满足社会对劳动法学研究和人才教育的需求,因此需要适时提高和调整劳动法的学科地位和学科设置.     

德法并举治理环境

治理环境是一个长期的系统性工程,健全法制极为重要.德治具有全面性、稳定性、长期性、普遍性的优势,德治与法治具有互补性和不可替代性.针对我国社会、文化、发展等现状,只有德法兼备,才能进行卓有成效的环境治理.     

破产法与破产企业职工权益保障

破产企业职工的权益保护是我国破产法律制度的一项重要内容。本文结合我国企业破产法的有关最新规定,从破产债权、非破产财产、清偿顺序、试点城市国有企业与一般国有企业破产的区别等方面对破产企业职工保护的若干法律规定进行了研究和阐述。     

经济法的反就业歧视机理及其制度选择

就业歧视问题凸显市场调节失灵与政府管制缺陷的两难境地,体现国家渗透市场理念的经济法恰好是以市场与政府的互动结构作为自身分析和解决社会经济问题的通常机理。因此,运用经济法这一机理来解决就业歧视问题无疑是一个很好的方案,建立起符合现代经济法本质要求的反就业歧视双向联动调节机制将成为解决就业歧视问题的理想制度选择。     

劳权本位:劳动法律体系构建的基点和核心--兼论劳动法律体系的几个基本理论问题

劳动法律体系的建构,应以劳权本位作为理论出发点,应以劳权的实现和保障为其基点和核心.本文所提出的劳权概念,是指法律所规定或认可的劳动者在履行劳动义务的同时所应享有的与劳动有关的权益.劳权即劳工权益应是劳动法律的基本范畴和劳动立法起始概念.本文提出和论证了劳动者的概念和法律特征,认为市场经济下的劳动关系中的劳动者应为受雇于他人的以工资收入为基本生活来源的直接生产者.本文还提出了劳权关系的概念,认为劳权关系是劳动法律关系的本质体现,这一关系是相对于产权关系和经营权关系而言的,现代企业制度的经济权利结构是由产权、经营权和劳权的三权关系所构成的.     

劳动法在立法技术上的缺陷及其完善

劳动法是劳动关系方面的基本法律,科学而完善劳动法能够规范劳动关系双方当事人的行为,调整劳动关系,促进劳动关系和谐而稳定的发展,促进社会经济的发展,乃至社会的稳定。反之,如果劳动立法不是很健全,不是很科学,势必会影响到劳动关系的调整和劳动关系的稳定。我国劳动法尚需完善。     

工会在劳动合同法中的权利及作用

工会权利和工会作用在劳动合同法中被放在突出的位置上。劳动合同法力图通过工会权利的运用和工会作用的发挥使劳动者与用人单位的劳动合同关系达到权利与义务的平衡,维护劳动者的合法权益。从法理上说,工会在劳动合同法中的权利其性质特征是对劳动者的代理权,体现为三项重要权利;工会在劳动合同法中的作用表现在五个基本方面;工会权利和作用的实现要创造工会自身和外部的条件。     

欧盟法的基本自由与劳工权利保护

欧盟法规定的基本自由包括共同市场内的商品流通自由、劳动力迁徙自由、服务业流通自由和资本流动自由四个部分,可以直接适用于欧盟国家的公民。这种规定为欧盟范围内劳工权的保护提供了全面、深入的法律保障,并赋予国际人权保护新的思想内涵。同时,对劳工权的保护促进了基本自由的完善。欧盟法基本自由对中国劳工权利保护也有一定的借鉴意义。     

Feminist Literary Theory and the Law: Reading Cases with Naomi Schor

This article brings together feminist literary theory and law by approaching a number of U.S. Federal cases on sex equality in light of the work of the renowned feminist literary critic Naomi Schor, and shows that literary theory constitutes an under-explored resource for feminist legal critique. Schor’s writings constitute a sustained rumination on the relationship between reading and feminism. Drawing on writings on language and the body by key French feminist theorists, Schor advances a method of interpretation which she terms, provocatively, ‘clitoral reading’, and which focuses on the place of details relating to women’s bodies and desires within literary and cultural discourses. In the course of her career, she analysed texts from domains as diverse as literature, philosophy, visual art, the history of fashion, and photography. I will demonstrate that her work can make a valuable contribution to legal studies by using it as an interpretative lens to re-examine U.S. Federal court judgments.     

《劳动争议调解仲裁法》对劳动争议处理制度的完善

《劳动争议调解仲裁法》在坚持《劳动法》基本原则的前提下,根据经济和社会发展的要求,总结现行劳动争议处理制度的实践经验和不足,对劳动争议处理制度做了进一步完善,尽最大可能将劳动争议案件解决于基层,维护当事人合法权益。同时《劳动争议调解仲裁法》的颁布实施,一方面赋予了工会更广阔的履职空间,另一方面也为劳动者提供了公正高效的法律救济的途径。     

论"依法治国"与"以德治国"相结合的重大意义

在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的过程中,坚持"依法治国"与"以德治国"相结合的治国方略,积极推进我国"法治"与"德治"化进程,对于建设有中国特色的社会主义,推进我国经济社会的全面进步与发展具有重大的理论意义和实践意义。