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1.
Maureen Outlaw 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(4):263-272
Although research into intimate partner abuse has expanded throughout the past several decades and increased our understanding
of this multi-faceted phenomenon, the vast majority of empirical work is still focused almost exclusively on physical violence—against
women in particular. Although a crucial issue in our society, physical violence against women is only one facet in an array
of possible abusive behaviors toward an intimate partner. Researchers have long acknowledged the existence of multiple forms
of non-physical abuse. These types of abuse have received little research attention, however, and are commonly lumped together
simply as “non-physical” or “emotional” abuse. There is no reason to believe, however, that all forms of non-physical abuse
are the same, whether in intensity, frequency, or co-existence with physical violence. The current study attempts to disentangle
the multiple types of nonviolent abuse to examine prevalence, differences by sex, and its relationships to physical abuse.
Using Tjaden and Thoennes’ (1998) survey data, this study examines the prevalence of different types of non-physical abuse, both in the general population
and among those experiencing physical violence Findings indicate that non-physical partner abuse is more common than physical
and that non-physical abuse does not show striking sex differences, as is commonly believed. There is strong evidence that
some types of non-physical abuse serve as clear risk factors for physical abuse and may increase risk of more frequent violence
among those already being abused. These relationships do not, however, differ by sex. Implications for future research are
discussed.
相似文献
Maureen OutlawEmail: |
2.
Previous research has consistently shown that there is a strong association between psychological and physical aggression
in intimate relationships. Theories as to why this association exists include that they have a single underlying etiology
with differing thresholds, or they have separate etiologies and there is a two-step process by which psychological aggression
moves to physical. The current study suggests that these two theories are not necessarily competing theories. The genetic
and environmental covariance between psychological and physical intimate partner aggression were examined in 134 monozygotic
(MZ) and 41 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. Results showed that psychological and physical aggression have largely the same genetic
etiology, and any differences between the two are a function of differing nonshared environmental influences. 相似文献
3.
Malitta Engstrom Nabila El-Bassel Hyun Go Louisa Gilbert 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(7):605-617
Women in substance use treatment report rates of childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence that far exceed those
reported by women in the general population. Previous research with nonrandom samples of women in substance use treatment
suggests that there is a statistically significant relationship between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence;
however, little is known about the mechanisms of risk between these two public health concerns among this population of women.
To address this gap in knowledge and to inform intervention strategies, this study examined direct and mediated relationships
between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence risk among a random sample of 416 women in methadone treatment.
In addition to high rates of childhood sexual abuse (57.9%), intimate partner violence (lifetime prevalence, 89.7%; 6-month
prevalence, 78.4%), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD, 28.6%), and global psychological distress (19.5%), findings suggest
that the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence is mediated by mental health problems and
that women experiencing PTSD or global psychological distress are 2.7 and 2.4 times more likely to experience intimate partner
violence than women without such experiences, respectively. Although not a mediator in this relationship, financial independence
reduced women's risk of partner violence by two-thirds. The paper includes discussion of social learning and stress and coping theories to explicate the findings and to inform intervention
strategies.
This study is based, in part, on the first author's dissertation. A previous version of this paper was presented at the Society
for Social Work and Research Annual Conference held in January 2005 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The following grants provided
funding for this study: R01DA11027 and 3T32MH014623-22S1. 相似文献
4.
《Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice》2013,11(1-2):67-89
Abstract Intimate partner violence poses a major public health and social problem with serious criminal justice, health and social-related consequences. However, little is known about the etiology of intimate partner violence among young people, especially minority youth. Using the Hispanic Stress Inventory, we examine intimate partner violence among Hispanics, particularly Mexican American adolescent females. Understanding and identifying issues related to intimate partner violence is crucial for developing and implementing effective policies and programs encompassing both public health and criminal justice approaches specific to this rapidly growing population of young people. 相似文献
5.
Carrie Brown 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):457-462
This paper examines sociocultural factors that influence how same-sex intimate partner violence is viewed, studied, reported
and treated, with a specific focus on the effects of gender-role socialization and heterosexism. Further it summarizes the
similarities and differences experienced by heterosexual and same-sex couples in order to provide a framework for understanding
the unique factors that must be considered when working with this population. It also explores how gender-role socializations
and heterosexism create and enforce stigmas and obstacles for validation and reporting of this abuse. The exacerbation of
same-sex partner abuse by the dominant and sexual minority culture is addressed and problems that exist within the legal system
are highlighted. Issues created by the power dynamics of intersecting identities (race, socioeconomic status, age, disability,
sexual orientation) and minority stress are discussed. Suggestions for supportive legislation and implications for helping
professionals are provided. 相似文献
6.
Marie Mele 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(8):619-624
This study examines the time course of repeat victimization by assessing whether the opportunity for victim/offender contact
influences the time lapse between successive incidents of intimate partner violence. Several measures of opportunity for victim/offender
contact are used, including cohabitation, co-parenting, restraining order status, and victim unemployment. The study finds
that some victims (i.e., those who live with the offender) are at risk of repeat victimization in a shorter period of time
than other victims. However, the study yields conflicting findings about the relationship between other opportunity variables
(i.e., co-parenting and victim unemployment) and the time lapse between successive incidents of intimate partner violence.
Policy implications are discussed and suggestions are offered for future research on repeat intimate partner violence. 相似文献
7.
8.
This study examined the potential mediating effects of social support and coping strategies on the relationship between intimate
partner violence (IPV) and psychological outcomes. A sample of 100 Caucasian women and 61 Asian women were recruited from
domestic violence agencies. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model. Analysis of the combined group
revealed that there was an indirect effect of the level of violence on psychological outcomes via the mediating variables
of perceived social support and passive coping strategies. Ethnic group comparisons, however, indicated differences between
Caucasian and Asian women. In the Caucasian group, the level of violence had an indirect effect on psychological outcomes
via the mediating variables of perceived social support and passive coping strategies. In contrast, in the Asian group, the
direct effect of the level of violence on psychological outcomes was strong and significant, and the mediating roles of these
variables were not found. Research implications for practice are delineated.
This study was funded by the Institute on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault (IDVSA) at the University of Texas at Austin. 相似文献
9.
While reasons for returning to abusive partners have received considerable attention in research on intimate partner violence,
few studies have examined the reasons why victims fail to follow through with the protection order process, regardless of
whether or not they return to their abusive partners. Fifty-five women who were in the process of withdrawing a protection
order against a male intimate partner were surveyed in the present analysis. Recognizing that reasons given for withdrawing
a protection order often follow common themes, individual responses were organized into several “domains,” or groupings of
such reasons. The most commonly cited domain involved a “concrete change” on behalf of the victim or defendant, which made
the protection order less necessary in the victim’s view. This was closely followed by the domain addressing emotional attachment
to the abuser. Implications for future research and policy are discussed. 相似文献
10.
In the current research, we draw on Canadian national data to examine the police reporting decisions of married and cohabiting
intimate partner violence victims. Our analyses examine how police notification decisions are influenced by the demographic
characteristics of victims and incident-specific factors. We find that the victims who contact the police more often live
in a cohabiting relationship and with children. In contrast to predictions, we find that visible minority women more often
call the police. Income, education, and employment status do not appear to shape the police reporting decisions of women.
Finally, women who call the police are also likely to have experienced severe forms of violence including threats with weapons,
injury, and the destruction of their property. 相似文献
11.
This study explored the relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Risk-Propensity in African-American women.
An anonymous questionnaire was completed by a community based sample of 200 African American women with a varied history of
intimate partner violence, to determine whether being in a violent relationship impacts HIV risk. Various statistical techniques,
including structural equation modeling (SEM), bivariate correlation analyses and ANOVA were used to examine the data. A strong
positive correlation was found to exist between sexual coercion and Intimate Partner Violence. In the effort to fortify prevention
strategies, and reduce the rates of HIV infection in African-American women, additional factors that impact disease transmission
were discussed. Implications for social work/mental health practice and suggestions for future research were made. 相似文献
12.
Catherine A. Simmons Peter Lehmann Shannon Collier-Tenison 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):463-472
A number of theorists posit that most women who are arrested for using violence against their intimate partners are in-fact
victims of IPV themselves and should be treated as such. However, in this population of women IPV arrestees empirical investigation
has yet to explore how physical and emotional victimization experiences are associated with arrest related factors, propensity
to be abusive or attitude toward using relationship violence. The current study explores these factors finding no difference
in arrest factors between women who (a) deny abuse, (b) report rare/occasional abuse and (c) report frequent/very frequent
abuse. However, mixed results were found with regard to participants’ responses on scales measuring propensity to be abusive
and attitudes about using violence in marriage. Theoretical and practical related issues are addressed. 相似文献
13.
While separate evidence exists that married military women have high rates of both intimate partner violence victimization
and aggression, little is known about the context of this violence, including the extent to which the violence committed toward
and by military women is physical, psychological or sexual, whether the violence is unilateral or bi-directional, and the
extent of injury sustained or inflicted. In order to gain a more multi-dimensional understanding of the violence in the lives
of military women, this study involved 248 enlisted females who completed a self-report survey about themselves and their
spouses’ behavior. Results indicate that the majority of violence reported was bi-directional and symmetrical in terms of
type and level of severity. However, enlisted females were more than three times as likely to be victims of unilateral severe
violence as their male civilian spouses. Demographic factors associated with these patterns of violence were also identified.
相似文献
Mary Ann ForgeyEmail: |
14.
Richard L. Beaulaurier Laura R. Seff Frederick L. Newman Burton Dunlop 《Journal of family violence》2007,22(8):747-755
There has been relatively little research published to guide the field in identifying and addressing barriers to seeking help
for older women who experience domestic violence (DV). The current article focuses on findings related to external behaviors to help-seeking in the Domestic Violence Against Older Women (DVAOW) study. Data were collected in 21 focus groups with 134
women, 45 to 85 years of age. External barriers, described by DVAOW respondents as contributing to the reluctance of some older women to seek help for domestic abuse, include
response of family, response of clergy, response of the justice system, and responsiveness of community resources. These findings are discussed with implications for community outreach and future research.
相似文献
Richard L. BeaulaurierEmail: |
15.
Deeanna M. Button 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2008,33(1):130-147
Social disorganization theory asserts that neighborhood composition affects levels of violence within the community. The purpose
of this article is to analyze the bivariate effects of social disorganization, crime, and collective efficacy, in addition
to the individual factors of gender, race, and a history of child maltreatment, on the acceptance of using violence within
the family. Data from the Norfolk Police Department (2000–2004), 2000 Census, and 2006 Norfolk Residents’ Attitudes about
Crime Survey were used to determine differences in approval of family violence. Results indicated that approval for family
violence is an individual-level phenomenon as well as a community-level occurrence. Various aspects of family violence elicit
different levels of tolerance by both micro- and macro-level characteristics. Implications are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Raul Caetano Patrice A. C. Vaeth Suhasini Ramisetty-Mikler 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(6):507-518
This paper describes the characteristics (sociodemographic, drinking and selected psychological attributes) of victims, perpetrators
and those who engage in mutual intimate partner violence (IPV) among couples in the U.S. Subjects constitute a multistage
area probability sample representative of married and cohabiting couples from the 48 contiguous United States. Results indicate
that age is the only variable that appears to have a consistent effect for men and women and across violence-related statuses:
Older individuals are less likely to be victims, perpetrators and less likely to be involved in mutually violent relationships.
Other variables such as ethnicity, marital status, drinking, impulsivity, depression and powerlessness are either gender or
status-specific in their ability to predict victimization, perpetration or victimization/perpetration. Overall, those involved
in violent relationships do not appear to be very different from those not involved in violent relationships. The most likely
reason for lack of this difference is the nature of IPV in general population samples, which is in most cases moderate.
Work on this paper was supported by a grant (R37-AA10908) from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism to the
University of Texas School of Public Health. 相似文献
17.
The purpose of this study was to identify longitudinal predictors of any (versus no) episodes of recurrent intimate partner
violence (IPV) and their severity among low-income inner-city women. A secondary analysis was conducted on data from an inception
cohort of 321 previously abused women from the Chicago Women’s Health Risk Study. In a multivariable logistic regression model,
pregnancy, frequency of IPV in the year prior to the baseline interview, and the partner’s use of power and control tactics
increased the odds of recurrent IPV during the follow-up period and leaving an abusive partner reduced the odds. In a multivariate
proportional odds logistic regression model, partner violence outside the home was associated with higher severity of recurrent
IPV, but leaving an abusive partner was not. The results suggest that, for low-income women, leaving an abusive partner may
reduce the risk of recurrent victimization without increasing severity of the recurrent attacks that do occur. 相似文献
18.
Carinda Wilson-Cohn Shiela M. Strauss Gregory P. Falkin 《Journal of family violence》2002,17(1):91-105
This study investigates the relationship between substance use and partner abuse among women (N = 1,025) who entered drug-treatment programs through the criminal justice systems in New York City and Portland, Oregon. Self-report data on substance use and partner abuse indicate that although the rate of partner abuse in both cities is well above the national average, the less substance-involved women in Portland reported more abuse than their New York counterparts. Our analyses suggest that the relationship between partner abuse and substance use during conflicts varies within the population of women offenders who are heavily drug-involved, with women in Portland reporting a greater direct link between partner abuse and substance use. The findings indicate that there is a need for drug-treatment providers to understand their clients' victimization histories and the relationship between partner abuse and substance use in order to engage clients in the treatment process and help them learn how to avoid being victimized in the future. 相似文献
19.
Ashley E. Owen Martie P. Thompson Anne Shaffer Emily B. Jackson Nadine J. Kaslow 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(7):433-445
This study examined the mediating roles of several family variables in the relation between IPV witnessing and children’s
emotional and behavioral problems among 129 low-income, African American children ages 8 to 12. According to the mediational
model tested, experiencing or witnessing IPV negatively impacted the following family variables: maternal psychopathology,
family cohesion, and relatedness quality, which were subsequently associated with diminished child adjustment. These findings
were stronger when child reports were considered and when the outcome variable was internalizing problems. Findings from this
study support the value of targeting these variables in the development of culturally appropriate child witness interventions
for low-income African American families. Recommendations for future interventions based on study conclusions are offered. 相似文献
20.
Raul Caetano Suhasini Ramisetty-Mikler T. Robert Harris 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(1):37-45
This paper examines longitudinal associations between drinking, alcohol problems and male-to-female (MFPV) and female-to-male
partner violence (FMPV) in a national sample of White and Hispanic couples in the United States. The study uses general population
household survey longitudinal data collected in 1995 and in 2000. Subjects (18 years or older) constitute a random sample
of married and cohabiting couples in the 48 contiguous United States. In 1995, a total of 1,635 couples completed the interview
for a response rate of 85%. In 2000, face-to-face interviews were completed with 1,392 couples in their homes. The present
analyses include 406 White and 387 Hispanic couples, who remained intact at the follow-up. Alcohol volume, alcohol problems,
MFPV and FMPV in 1995 significantly predicted these same behaviors 5 years later. For White couples, female alcohol problems
predicted FMPV in 1995. For Hispanics, female alcohol problems predicted FMPV only in 2000. The relationships between the
three alcohol variables and MFPV and FMPV are not static, changing across ethnic groups over time. Findings suggest that once
a behavior is present, it tends to be a strong predictor of that same behavior in the future. 相似文献