引言

经过20多年的经济体制改革,中国的经济已呈现出一派生机勃勃的竞争景象.中国的老百姓已深切感受到,竞争是国家繁荣和民族昌盛的最有效手段之一,竞争制度从而也是所有经济制度中比较经济和比较民主的一种制度.     

Introduction

An important measure of any society is the way it deals with its outcasts, with those people who reject the social order or are rejected by it. A society's response to its mentally ill members is especially revealing, because it involves not only the basic conflict between individual liberty and social order but also the problem of providing adequate treatment to those who are so afflicted. The medical model of mental illness seems to demand not merely the restraint of an individual for the protection of society but also his treatment for his own benefit.     

Introduction

Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes’ belief that the Constitution calls for the principle of free thought—“not free thought for those who agree with us but freedom for the thought that we hate”—was severely tested when the father of a fallen Marine sued members of the Westboro Baptist Church who picketed near his son's funeral service. Consistent with its traditions and precedents, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled 8-1 that the First Amendment protected church members’ offensive speech from tort liability. In ruling as it did, the Court properly chose to consider only the case elements it was presented, refused to create a new category of unprotected speech, and in turn eroded the reach of intentional infliction of emotional distress in speech-related cases.

“The Court is out of the business of creating new categories of unprotected speech. Get over it.” ¹ Kathleen Sullivan, attorney and former dean, Stanford University Law School, remarks at Communication Law in the Digital Age conference of the Practising Law Institute, New York (Nov. 10, 2011).      

Introduction

Abstract

Dating violence is prevalent among Hispanic adolescents, yet few incidents are reported to the police. This research explored the severity of adolescent definitions as one potential reason for its under-reporting. It was expected that some adolescents might define only the most severe violence as “dating violence” and as a consequence these incidents are under-reported. Hispanic adolescent definitions of dating violence were examined along with factorsgeneral acceptance of dating violence, peer support of dating violence, acculturation, victimization experience, and sex-that might be related to the construction of these definitions. Acculturation, victimization experience, and sex were found to significantly contribute to the severity of adolescent definitions.     

Introduction

Abstract

To date, no published research has examined the role played by race and ethnicity in revocation decision-making, despite the fact that revocation of community supervision is a source of substantial admissions to prison. Using a large cohort of subjects sentenced to felony probation in a large south central state, we conduct main and indirect effects analyses to test the hypothesis that odds of revocation will be highest for those offenders who are young, male, black or Hispanic, and unemployed. Results coincide with outcomes of recent studies that focus on the interaction of race, age and gender: That harsher penalties attach to individuals who are young, male, and black. In most analyses, Hispanics fared no differently than whites. A further finding is the discounted value of employment for young black males, who received harsher treatment than unemployed white counterparts. The article identifies several directions for investigation of the low value assigned to employment by this group of offenders.     

Introduction

Law and Philosophy -