Local States,Institutional Changes and Innovation Systems: Beijing and Shanghai compared

The purpose of this paper is to look into the transformation of local innovation systems in the high-tech parks of Shanghai and Beijing and their technological learning and upgrading. The areas that we have chosen to investigate are Beijing's Zhongguancun and Shanghai's Yangpu District. The main reason that we selected these two areas for study is because they are home to most of the top universities and R&D institutes in these two cities. Our main focus will be on how institutions—the local state, inter-firm relations and the relationship between R&D institutions and firms—are co-evolving to shape and constrain a local system of innovation. Our research finds that the capacities and autonomy of the Zhongguancun of Beijing's Haidian District and Yangpu District of Shanghai differ in various aspects, but both regions are struggling to upgrade innovation and enhance economic development. The ‘high-tech cluster’ provides a useful instrument or label to achieve goals other than innovation and R&D. Elite universities are regarded as engines for network formation, but visible and invisible walls of Chinese universities discount efforts to foster a university-centered innovation hub which especially shows in the Yangpu case.     

提升广西医药销售企业竞争力的对策思考

近年来,广西医药销售企业规模和利润持续增长的同时增速在下降。其主要影响因素有:销售点分布不合理、市场管理不规范、创新研发能力不足、基础人才缺乏、营销模式落后等。要把握医药销售行业发展的趋势,从观念更新、抓住新医改带来的机遇、加强行业管理、扶持自主品牌、推进国际化进程、开拓市场、调整营销企业布局、加大人才培养等方面入手,提高广西医药销售企业的核心竞争力。     

Spillover Effects of FDI via Exports on Innovation Performance of China's High-Technology Industries

Since economic reforms began in 1979, China has sought to overcome the technology gap by absorbing foreign advanced technology through FDI. This paper investigates the impact of FDI via exports on the innovation performance of domestic firms in China's high-tech product industries for the period 1995–2006. By using the panel data analysis, we confirm the hypotheses that: (1) exports of domestic firms have positive spillover effects on innovation performance of local firms either through learning or through competition; (2) R&D activities of foreign-invested enterprises in the host country in an industry are positively associated with innovation performance of domestic firms in that industry; and (3) import of technology, which is important to the establishment of assimilative capability, has positive effects on domestic innovation performance. This provides evidence suggesting that China's domestic firms benefit from spillovers associated with FDI and from export activity of both domestic firms and foreign-invested enterprises.     

What Will Medical Insurance Coverage Of Costly Orphan Drugs Bring?

Orphan drugs usually are defined as drugs that are developed by the pharmaceutical industry not for economic reasons, but respond to public health need. These medicinal products are intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of very serious and rare diseases or disorders. As a latecomer in their development, China largely relies on foreign pharmaceutical companies to treat its patients.     

MARKET WATCH

Manufacturing Slackens The momentum of the manufacturing sector showed signs of wearing off in July,raising concerns over an economic slowdown.     

MARKET WATCH

Foreign brands dominate China’s milk powder market, dealing a heavy blow to domestic manufacturers. China boosts iron ore production, but the country still relies on imports. Chinese firms accelerate their pace of going global. The logistics industry bursts with vitality, but low profitability remains a problem. The accounting firm KMPG cautions about the waning competitive edge of China’s manufacturing industry. By HU YUE     

What is Chinese about Chinese Businesses? Locating the ‘rise of China’ in global production networks

There is an implicit but commonly held assumption that Chinese businesses are distinctively Chinese. Casting them in unitary and national terms, this assumption has often provided the underpinnings for the conception of the strength of Chinese businesses as signs of an emerging China threat. Drawing on a global production networks (GPN) approach, this paper aims to question the assumption by arguing that many Chinese businesses, embedded in the expanding global and regional production networks, have taken on important transnational characteristics. Given these transnational connections, Chinese business networks in both ‘Greater China’ and China proper are characterized more by diversity and fragmentation than by cultural coherence and homogeneity. This analysis of the transnationalization and fragmentation of contemporary Chinese businesses helps better understand and respond to the complex challenge posed by the economic dynamism in China.     

Living a Quality Life

The growth of high-quality consumption among Chinas expanding and increasingly more discerning middle-class has become a major drawcard for global brands to enter the Chinese market. China is the only major economy that achieved positive growth during the COVID-19 pandemic last year.At the first China International Consumer Products Expo (CICPE) held in Haikou,Hainan Province in May,top global luxury groups such as LVMH,Richemont,and Kering all had a prominent presence.The global growth of Hublot,a Swiss watch brand under the LVMH Group,is driven mainly by Chinese sales.In 2010,the Chinese mainland market accounted for less than one percent of its global sales,and in 2020 this proportion was closer to 15 percent.According to a research report released by Bain & Company,global luxury sales in 2020 shrank by 23 percent to (∈) 217 billion,compared with 2019.     

Teaching Fishing——The Work of GTZ （German Technical Cooperation）in China

THERE is a Chinese saying: If you present someone with a fish, he has food for a day; if you teach him how to fish, he can feedhimself for the rest of his life. This Chinese maxim characterizes the work of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Tech-nischc Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH     

打造国际品牌提高企业经济效益--以格力电器为例

任何一家企业其生产经营的核心目标就是追求利润,因为利润是企业的血液,如果没有利润,企业就无法生存,更谈不上长足发展。经历了一场全球性的金融危机后,在全球经济举步维艰、市场需求持续不振的大环境下,海内外家电巨头纷纷陷入困境。然而在激烈的国际竞争市场上,在国内劳动力和原材料价格不断提升、难以取得核心技术突破的情况下,格力电器却做出了非常明智的抉择,即通过专业化生产、实施精品战略、走国际化道路打造国际品牌,进而提升格力产品价格、获取规模经济效益、吸引优秀人才、占领国际市场并实现供需双赢,最终使格力电器成功实现了迄今为止、全球首个依靠单一品类突破千亿元的家电品牌,从而保持了格力电器在全球家电产业中的霸主地位,让"中国制造"再次领跑在全球家电行业的最前列。     

广西图书版权贸易发展现状与“走出去”的若干思考

图书出版业“走出去”战略刚刚起步,还面临着诸多挑战,而广西图书版权贸易依然是中外出版商合作的主要方式,输出产品的结构却悄然变化：传统文化和中医药类图书占绝大多数的情况已有所改善,有关中国当代内容的文学、文化类图书和科技类图书的输出数量有了较大提高。文章就广西图书版权贸易发展现状与“走出去”进行若干思考。     

MARKET WATCH

State-owned enterprises dominate the 2011 China top 500 list, igniting worries about the strength of private businesses. Chinese companies are accelerating the pace of global expansion. Initial public offerings of Chinese companies have shrunk as clouds gather over the outlook of global stock markets. Liang Wengen, a heavy machinery tycoon, tops the 2011 Hurun Rich List. The Boston Consulting Group expects China’s consumer lending market to triple by 2015.     

MARKET WATCH

By ordering another hike in interest rates,China spares no effort to combat inflation.China’s oil giants are faring well,though rising crude prices are putting pressure on Sinopec,China’s top oil refiner.China reorganizes the dairy industry,forcing many unqualified producers out of the market.The manufacturing industry has staged a swift comeback,with the purchasing managers index rebounding in March.The U.S.chemicals guru The Dow Chemical Co.makes a push into the Chinese market by building a joint venture with Shandong-based Befar Group Co.Ltd.     

中国藏医药产业发展问题研究

中国藏族传统医药产业历史悠久,已成为藏区经济重要的特色支柱产业,但由于受到主客观因素的制约,藏医药产业面临的困难及问题主要体现为:企业缺乏规模竞争优势,整体经济效益差;经营方式粗放,资源环境破坏严重;藏药制剂和使用标准不规范,市场监管水平不高等方面,需要通过构建企业战略联盟,强化产业竞争优势;建立藏药材培植基地,实现资源的规模化经营;构建现代营销模式,打造优秀藏药品牌;建立健全内外部约束机制,实现资源开发与生态环境保护的双赢等多种途径推动中国藏医药产业科学发展。     

工农业协调发展的体制演进考察

我国工农业发展与资源配置方式直接相关。计划经济体制下形成城乡工农业部门资源配置的隔离格局,造成农业生产的"内卷化"及城市工业低效率和高消耗的恶性循环;市场取向改革条件下形成城乡工农业部门资源配置的双向互动格局;市场机制作用下农村和农业资源向城市和非农产业逆向流动;以工哺农背景下的包容性增长体制使工农业部门资源配置和流动趋向协调。     

MARKET WATCH

TO THE POINT:Heavy snowfalls have given rise to gas shortages around the country,reigniting calls to revamp the gas-pricing regime. Foreign pharmaceutical giants are making a push into the Chinese vaccine market as the country gears up to fight the A/H1N1 virus. Speculative international hot money swamps Hong Kong,arousing worries over local economic stability. State-owned enterprises under Central Government administration fared well in October with a wide profit margin. The Baosteel Group Corp. obtained a...     

Can Trade Green China? Participation in the global economy and the environmental performance of Chinese firms

How does participation in the global economy influence the pollution management practices of firms in a developing country? Research on trade and the environment leads one to anticipate that integration into the international economy should enhance domestic firm environmental behavior. Integration facilitates access to cleaner technology, exposes domestic firms to global norms of corporate environmentalism, and compels developing country firms to meet trading partners' environmental standards or risk losing market access. This article tests these propositions by exploring the environmental compliance of internationally oriented firms in China—a country whose rapid economic expansion and increasingly prominent role as a foreign investor have considerable implications for protection of the global environment. It finds that there is only modest market-induced enhancement of environmental performance among Chinese companies. In terms of their compliance with environmental law, Chinese firms with connections to the global economy are either no better than domestically oriented companies or, in the case of firms that export heavily, are worse.     

Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions by Chinese Firms: value creation or value destruction?

Mixed results from studies on Chinese cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&;As) have been a puzzle for both academia and business professionals over the years. Do these M&;As create value when Chinese firms acquire foreign target firms suffering heavy losses and even on the verge of bankruptcy? This article explores the wealth effect of M&;As conducted by Chinese firms as well as the relevant factors from the asset-seeking perspective. The authors use 180 M&;A cases conducted by listed firms in China between 2002 and 2012 as samples and examine their wealth effects in a method of event study. The results show that these M&;A activities have produced significant positive wealth effects during the event window of [–10, 10]. The authors then study the key factors affecting wealth effects. The findings reveal that an acquiring firm’s strength via research and development (R&;D) and M&;A experience generates significant positive impacts on the wealth effect. The findings also reveal that an innovation orientation and development stage of host countries helps create positive wealth effects; vertical M&;As are particularly favored by the market since they can gain easier access to R&;D, marketing channels or mineral resources.     

关于发展文化产业的思考

加入WTO给我国文化产业带来前所未有的机遇和挑战.要大力发展文化产业,必须大力培养文化人才;整合文化资源;改革文化体制,不断提高文化产品市场占有率,增加人均文化消费率,使中国文化产品走向世界.     

自然垄断行业的政府管制创新

长期以来 ,我国对自然垄断行业实行政府直接投资、垄断经营。由于缺少外部竞争压力 ,企业缺乏追求成本最小化的刺激 ,导致经营成本和产品价格居高不下。借鉴发达市场经济国家的成功经验 ,自然垄断行业应当进行政府管制创新 ,适当地引进有效竞争机制。自然垄断行业的有效竞争机制主要有 :特许投标竞争、区域间比较竞争和剥离直接竞争等。