中国社会保障的区域性差异及调整对策

社会保障制度承担着维护、创造社会公平和缩小社会不公平的重大责任,是重要的收入再分配手段。如同区域经济发展不平衡,中国社会保障也存在着明显的区域性差异。该文通过认识中国社会保障的区域性差异及存在的问题,分析其原因所在,并提出建立和完善区域社会保障制度的政策建议。     

Fiscal Federalism and Provincial Foreign Tax Policies in China

This paper employs province-level data between 1992 and 2000 to assess the impact of fiscal federalism and pro-internationalization industrial groups on provincial foreign tax efforts in China. It argues that part of the provincial variation in tax efforts on foreign investors is related to the level of fiscal autonomy, the strength of pro-internationalization industrial groups, and provincial economic conditions. The level of fiscal autonomy is found to be positively associated with provincial governments' tax efforts on foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs). Transfer-dependent provinces tend to have lower effective tax rates on FIEs than transfer-contributing provinces. The transfer systems designed to combat regional inequality and absorb regional shocks may undermine incentives for local governments to be fiscally responsible, potentially resulting in over-consumption. In addition, provinces that have strong pro-internationalization industrial groups or disadvantaged economic conditions tend to have lower effective tax rates on FIEs.     

2002年中国省级地方政府效率测度

本文设计了一套由政府公共服务、公共物品、政府规模、居民经济福利四个因素及其子因素组成的测度省级地方政府效率的指标体系 ,然后根据 2 0 0 1年统计数据 ,运用标准离差法计算其中 3 7个指标的标准化值 ,最后通过加权测度出 2 0 0 2年中国 3 1个省、自治区、直辖市政府的效率及其排名。     

Total Factor Productivity Growth and its Spatial Disparity across China's Township and Village Enterprises

What lies behind China's recent economic prosperity is the unexpected success and development of her township and village enterprises (TVEs). The proportion of China's total industrial output produced by the TVEs increased from 9 to 42% between 1978 and 1994. The incredible development of the TVEs, along with the declining in importance of the SOEs in recent years, undoubtedly suggests that the TVEs are the engine of growth of the Chinese economy, and their continuous success will have a tremendous impact on the economic development of China in and beyond the twenty-first century. What remains questionable, however, is whether or not this rapid development of the TVEs is at the same time exacerbating China's spatial disparity by encouraging inequality in productivity and production efficiency of these enterprises across different provinces. This study aims to answer this question by examining the changes in total factor productivity (TFP) of TVEs located in different provinces between 1988 and 1993 with particular reference to the corresponding spatial disparities of these changes. The Malmquist output based productivity index, which allows for the decomposition of productivity growth into changes in technical efficiency over time and shifts in technology over time, is the technique adopted here.     

中国省级土地利用年度计划管理制度创新研究——以A市为例

土地利用年度计划管理已经成为土地参与宏观调控的重要措施。现阶段土地利用年度计划是统分结合的指令性无偿分配管理模式,该模式存在土地利用计划指标供不应求和土地指标被低效使用甚至闲置的根本性矛盾。针对矛盾形成的原因,本文提出了完善的对策建议,即实现土地利用年度计划从部门计划向政府计划的彻底转变。     

不合理收入分配:表现、原因及对策

本文认为缩小收入分配差距,应从调节不合理工资性收入为切入点,依照我国现行对公务员、事业单位职员、企业职工、城镇低收入群体和农民五种行政管理体制,从完善收入分配制度,规范收入分配秩序入手,以建立劳动力市场价位的岗位工资体系为目标,解决不合理工资性收入分配,构建和谐社会。     

以人力资本投资视角解析中国城乡收入差距

城乡收入差距是中国收入分配领域目前存在的突出问题，已经影响到社会稳定和经济发展。该文基于中国城乡收入差距的现实，分析了中国城乡收入差距拉大的人力资本成因，并提出在新农村建设背景下缩小城乡收入差距的建设性对策。     

China Calls for Balanced Growth

Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin called on members of the Group of 20 (G20) to work together to shore up market confidence and     

西部地区的经济增长与结构调整问题

1978年后,西部在我国经济高增长进程中相对落后,属于低增长梯度地区,相对于东、中部仍处于工业化的较低发展阶段.随着区域差距的动态扩大,在我国21世纪的经济增长与发展进程中,西部增长滞后已成为国民经济中的一个区域性制约因素,在很大程度上抑制了我国人均GDP的持续增长.因此,实施区域均衡发展战略,加快增长率梯度推进,激活西部的增长潜力,使之成为支持我国经济持续增长的后发区域,这已成为西部大开发的逻辑起点.     

经济增长方式、人口增长与中国的资源环境问题

将中国的资源环境问题简单地归结为人口多和增长快,与事实不符。中国目前所遭遇的资源环境问题主要是粗放型经济增长方式及人们消费与生活方式变化的结果。工业化、城市化与现代化本身就是一个人均资源消耗不断增多的过程,国民贫富与人均自然资源之间并不存在必然的因果联系,资源与环境可持续利用对人口发展的要求和社会与经济协调发展对人口发展的要求不完全一致,在科学发展观指导下统筹解决中国人口问题具有重要意义。     

China Rightto Set Lower Growth Target

THE reduction of China’s 2012 growth target to 7.5 percent from the eight percent of recent years headlined the international media coverage of PremierWen Jiabao’s report to the National People’s Congress. The announcement was greeted with fallson international stock markets - simultaneously reflecting China’s economic weight and a misanalysis by international markets. But the lowered target,which is justified by the global economic situation,is only the tip of the iceberg of complex short- and long-term challenges China is facing in its economic policy.     

China Can Maintain Its Economic Growth

正EARLIER this year sections of the Western media tried to spin a story that the world economy was experiencing"severe slowdown in China"and"strong recovery in the U.S."In other words,China’s economy was allegedly in trouble and the U.S.was doing well.Now that the factual data is in for the fi rst half of the year it shows the opposite was true.China’s economic growth was 7.5 percent to the second quarter of 2014;that of the U.S.was 2.4 percent.China’s economy thus grew more than three times as fast as the U.S.’s.Still more signifi cantly for the U.S.,its own statistical agencies and the IMF have offi cially revised their projections for long-term U.S.growth.Both now estimate it at     

China Has Avoided Rampant Population Growth

正AT the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference on September 21,1949,Mao Zedong pointed out that China had a population of 475 million.As of June30,1953,the country’s total population had surpassed 600 million.Statistics indicate that in 1970 the average number of births per Chinese couple was five and the total population had reached 830 million.Drop in Birth Rate To curb population growth,since     

经济增长、模型再造与中国经济增长方式的转变

经济增长理论是社会经济发展的一种理论反映,源于斯密和李嘉图为代表的古典经济学派,是二战后在发达国家广泛流行的经济理论,它大体经历了三个发展阶段。现代经济增长理论及模型的建立强调科学技术进步、人力资本积累对经济增长的促进作用。但是,发达国家经济学家自身存在的认识论缺陷使其不可能科学完整地建立经济增长理论及模型,因此,我们必须遵循马克思的方法论,从理论为实际的反映入手建立科学模型,并指导中国社会经济建设实践,特别是经济增长方式的转变实践。     

当代中国公民社会的成长和创新

自市场经济改革以来,中国的第二次改革开放——社会的改革开放催生着中国公民社会的加速成长。当下公民社会组织的重要作用和客观困境,共同呼唤着公民社会从内部结构、外部资源、到文化基础上的创新。     

协商民主的成长与中国政治发展

协商民主理论充分吸收民主理论的精华,兼顾民主的参与性与广泛性、自由与平等的双重价值.协商民主在中国的实际运作有效地贯彻规范主义民主观的平等价值,尊重参与者的主体性,获得社会的广泛好评.同时,它又吸纳经验主叉民主观的商谈、折中与讨论精神,照顾参与者的体验与主动性.协商民主的逐步推广有助于我国的政治文明建设与和谐社会的形成,也是科学发展现在政治生活世界的延伸,有助于政治体系的民主化、法治化,提升村民政治参与的积极性,确保民众利益的有效表达和实现.     

关于收入分配差距问题的若干理论综述

西方经济学界对于收入分配差距问题的思考由来已久,关于收入分配差距的经济理论不断丰富。改革开放以来,我国的收入分配差距不断拉大,很多学者针对中国当前的收入分配差距状况,发表真知灼见。笔者将时国内外关于收入分配差距的变动趋势问题、公平与效率问题、扩大程度问题等若干重要理论进行梳理和评析。