《乌苏里船歌》曲出何处

黑龙江省饶河县赫哲族乡人民政府诉郭颂、中央电视台、北京北辰购物中心侵害民间文学艺术作品著作权纠纷案于2002年12月28日经北京二中院判决有了一审结果。郭颂、中央电视台以任何方式再使用歌曲作品《乌苏里船歌》时,应当注明“根据赫哲族民间曲调改编”,并在《法制日报》上发表《乌苏里船歌》系根据赫哲族民间曲调改编的声明,分别给付赫哲族乡人民政府因案件诉讼支出的1500元合理费用;北京北辰购物中心停止销售任何未注明改编出处的《乌苏里船歌》歌曲作品的出版物。1999年11月12日,中央电视台与南宁市政府共同主办了“'99南宁国际民歌艺…     

大顶子山下的忠魂

出黑龙江省饶河县城,向北15公里,一座巍峨的大山巍然矗立,这便是著名歌曲《乌苏里船歌》所描述的大顶子山。     

从乌苏里船歌案看民间文学艺术的保护

一、问题的由来“乌苏里江长又长,蓝蓝的江水起波浪。”这首由著名歌唱家郭颂传唱40年的歌曲却引发了著作权纠纷,歌唱家郭颂等被推上了被告席。原告方黑龙江省饶河县四排赫哲族乡人民政府认为《乌苏里船歌》(下文中简称为《乌》)是赫哲族人民在长期劳动和生活中逐渐产生的反映赫哲族民族特点、精神风貌和文化特征的民歌,属于著作权法规定的“民间文艺作品”。赫哲族人民依法享有《乌》署名权等精神权利和获得报酬权等财产权利。请求法院判令:被告在中央电视台播放《乌》数次,说明其为赫哲族民歌,并对侵犯著作权之     

民族民间传统文化保护的法哲学考察——以知识产权基本理论为研究范式

《乌苏里船歌》案被认为是中国司法部门就民族民间传统文化保护诉讼进行审理的代表性案件。该案件虽然早已有了明确的结论 ,但它对我国民族民间传统文化保护的价值取向、研究进路、模式选择等仍在产生着深刻的影响 ,因此引起了知识产权理论界的关注。虽然既有的知识产权基本理论范式能够对民族民间传统文化保护的正当性提供一定程度的证明 ,但运用各种传统理论论证民族民间传统文化保护的正当性还存在着诸多的困境。“权利弱化与利益分享理论”则为建构民族民间传统文化的知识产权保护体系提供了新的理论基石。     

民族民间传统文化保护的法哲学考察——以知识产权基本理论为研究范式

《乌苏里船歌》案被认为是中国司法部门就民间传统文化保护诉讼进行审理的代表性案件。该案虽然早已有了明确的结论,但它对我国民族民间传统文化保护的价值取向、研究进路、模式选择等仍产生着深刻的影响,因此引起了知识产权理论界的广泛关注。虽然既有的知识产权基本理论范式能够对民间传统文化保护的正当性提供一定程度的证明,但运用各种传统理论来论证民间传统文化保护的正当性还存在着诸多的困境。“权利弱化与分享理论”则为建构民族民间传统文化的知识产权保护体系提供了新的理论基石。     

民间文学艺术作品诉讼的要害问题——从《乌苏里船歌》案谈起

当事方：原告：黑龙江省饶河县四排赫哲族乡人民政府。 被告：郭颂、中央电视台、北京北辰购物中心 案由：郭颂以及中央电视台均将此歌作为郭颂原创推出。赫哲族乡政府认为《乌苏里船歌》为民间文学艺术作品，郭颂仅为改编。     

主持人言辞惹纠纷乡政府法庭讨说法

黑龙江省饶河县四排赫哲族乡人民政府诉郭颂、中央电视台、北京北辰购物中心侵害民间文学艺术作品著作权纠纷案近日有了一审结果。北京市第二中级人民法院判决：郭颂、中央电视台以任何方式再使用歌曲作品《乌苏里船歌》时，应当注明“根据赫哲族民间曲调改编”，并在《法制日报》上发     

让“乌苏里船歌”的歌声更悠扬——民间文学艺术作品法律保护的探讨

一、引子2003年,北京市第二中级人民法院审理了黑龙江省饶河县四排赫哲族乡人民政府诉郭颂、中央电视台、南宁市人民政府侵犯其民间艺术作品著作权一案,一时引起多方争议。法院经审理后,判决:郭颂、中央电视台以任何方式再使用音乐作品《乌苏里船歌》时,应当注明“根据赫哲族民间曲调改编”;郭颂、中央电视台在《法制日报》上发     

民间文学艺术保护的法律思考兼评乌苏里船歌案

问题的提出 “乌苏里江长又长,蓝蓝的江水起波浪。”这首被著名歌唱家郭颂传唱了40年的歌曲所引发的著作权纠纷,再一次引起人们对民间文学艺术保护的热谈。《乌苏里船歌》著作权案争议的焦点是这首歌曲到底是改编还是原创。而隐藏在背后更深层的问题是,什么是民间文学艺术作品、著作权如何保护民间文学艺术作品?这些问题引起笔者深深的思考。     

中国民族区域自治制度对少数民族人权的保护

在我国，建立和实行民族区域自治制度是历史和社会发展的必然，是国情、族情决定的。民族区域自治制度对少数民族人权的保护主要体现：保证各种不同聚居情况的少数民族都能行使区域自治的权利；保障少数民族公民担任国家机关和区域自治机关公职的权利；少数民族的经济权利得到了基本的保障或较好的改善；少数民族的文化、教育和使用本民族语言文字的权利得到了保障。民族区域自治制度对当代世界性的民族问题的解决和民族人权保护的潜在价值在于：它为多民族国家，特别是与中国的族情相类似的国家，找到了一条可供选择的、事实证明是正确的民族政策和制度     

Cultural Minority Rights and the Rights of the Majority in the Liberal State

Traditional liberalism's blindness to cultural concerns has often come under fire, while so-called “liberal multiculturalism” (Taylor and Kymlicka) has made it its business to take a good look at the place of culture within liberal law. According to them, cultural minorities should be recognized. In my opinion, however, their proposals, in fact, almost entirely preclude the possibility that cultural minorities would receive recognition within liberal society. In what follows, I explain my view of these matters and, above all, argue for a more vital understanding of cultural minorities. This will entail presenting a comprehensive view of minority rights within liberal society.     

Liberalism and Minority Rights. An Interview

The interview focuses on Kymlicka's major area of research, i.e., the issue of minority rights. Kymlicka explains why the rights of national minorities have been traditionally neglected in the Western political tradition. He argues that these rights promote individual freedom, and so should be seen as promoting liberal democratic principles. The interview covers many issues including the relationship between ethno-cultural groups and other forms of "identity politics"; how to individuate cultural groups with legitimate claims to minority rights; whether something like a "cosmopolitan view" can seriously challenge the need for minority rights; what are the dangers of building transnational political institutions such as the EU for democratic citizenship; what are the bases of social unity in multination states and what are the limits of toleration of illiberal minorities.     

少数人权利及其保护的平等性

少数人作为弱势群体的一部份 ,其权利日益受到各国的关注与重视。然而 ,在对少数人具有重要意义的经济、社会、文化权利上 ,各国却有不同的看法 ,本文在比较了各国在权利问题上的文化传统和近现代的各种平等理论之后 ,分析指出在以经济、社会、文化权利为核心的相当一部份权利上 ,各国政府应当在避免形成“反向歧视”的前提下 ,采取积极措施 ,让少数人有更多机会参与社会竞争 ,实现社会整体的平等和更公正意义上的平等     

论少数人权利的国际保护

少数人权利的保护是国际人权法的重要内容,承认并尊重少数人权利也是当今众多国家的国际义务。文章从解悉少数人权利保护的国际公约入手,全面论述了少数人权利保护的内容,并提出了我国法律在少数人权利保护方面应当做出的适时调整与完善。     

西部地区的文化冲突与法律调适

民族文化冲突造成的价值观念、民族心理和政治文化的嬗变是影响民族地区社会稳定的隐性文化因素.缓解与避免文化冲突必须进行民族文化适应.目前,西部地区的文化冲突已成为影响当地民族团结、社会稳定的重要因素,为此,应当在尊重文化发展规律的基础上,正视文化冲突的影响,将文化安全纳人法律的框架之内,在各民族间牢固树立团结稳定的核心思想借助法律武器捍卫国家的文化主权;我国的法律制度应当确立“国家认同”的核心价值观,让“祖国”、“中国人”成为各个民族间不可分离的文化纽带;要以宪法为核心,以文化法为主要内容,加快建立有中国特色的少数民族文化权利法律保护体系.     

Legal Change and Gender Inequality: Changes in Muslim Family Law in India

Group-specific family laws are said to provide women fewer rights and impede policy change. India's family law systems specific to religious groups underwent important gender-equalizing changes over the last generation. The changes in the laws of the religious minorities were unexpected, as conservative elites had considerable indirect influence over these laws. Policy elites changed minority law only if they found credible justification for change in group laws, group norms, and group initiatives, not only in constitutional rights and transnational human rights law. Muslim alimony and divorce laws were changed on this basis, giving women more rights without abandoning cultural accommodation. Legal mobilization and the outlook of policy makers—specifically their approach to regulating family life, their understanding of group norms, and their normative vision of family life—shaped the major changes in Indian Muslim law. More gender-equalizing legal changes are possible based on the same sources.     

Education,Languages and Linguistic Minorities in the EU: Challenges and Perspectives

Although, with the coming into force of the Lisbon Treaty, two provisions of EU primary law now refer to ‘minorities,’ there are no explicit EU competences and policies to promote the rights of minority groups in education. Nevertheless, EU law has a strong potential to impact the educational rights of linguistic minorities in Member States. To evaluate the right to access education, with an emphasis on the needs of minorities to preserve their identity, this paper first discusses the EU's relevant competences in education (Part II) and then in languages (Part III). Based on the analysis of relevant EU provisions, the paper concludes that EU law is unlikely to offer meaningful protection to linguistic minorities without explicitly endorsing their educational rights. However, to do so, the EU needs a stronger competence in education and minority rights.     

The Vernacular Mobilization of Human Rights in Myanmar's Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Movement

This article examines how activists build a movement for sexual orientation and gender identity minorities in Myanmar, a country that is known for violent suppression of protests and is undergoing political reform. Based on original fieldwork, it finds that activists deploy a strategy of “vernacular mobilization of human rights” to persuade others to join their cause despite the risks to personal safety and to get around political constraints on collective organizing. Conceptualized at the intersection of the cultural study of human rights and social movements scholarship, “vernacular mobilization of human rights” theorizes the relationship between vernacularization—the translation and local adaptation of human rights—and movement micromobilization, specifying how the former unfolds as collective action framing processes. Through vernacularization activities, such as human rights workshops, movement leaders reframe grievances and shift the attribution of blame to empower and recruit new activists. Furthermore, with these framing processes, they generate a political community with a collective identity and social networks that they use to continue expanding the movement. The article enriches debates about the implications of implementing human rights and understandings of the relationship between human rights and movement mobilization, especially under repressive or uncertain political conditions.     

法治国家下的少数人的特别权利

“多数与少数的关系”是民主理论、民主政治和法治国家的核心论题。满足不同的民族、族裔、宗教和语言群体的愿望并确保属于少数群体的人的权利,是法治国家的基本要求。现代民主政治体制和法治国家下促进和保护属于少数群体的人的权利的规定包括禁止歧视和少数人的特别权利。这些基于现代民主政治和法治国家下的平等理念已经成为国际社会的共识而在国际条约中得到了具体体现,集中体现在《在民族或族裔、宗教和语言上属于少数群体的人的权利宣言》。     

性别分层的法律蕴涵

性别不平等、性别歧视、女人的"隐而不见性",都深深地根植于社会结构之中,深受财富、威望和权力之影响。当社会发生变化之时,一切都在改变。人类的性包含了很多社会、文化、历史因素的,性正是被这些因素所构建、所塑就的。自宋至清,无论是寡妇、女儿还是妾的财产继承权都不可和男子的继承权相提并论、同日而语,这俨然是性别在财产方面的一种分层。性别暴力是一种男性支配的表现,不是天生的性欲,当一个文化贬抑"女性化"特质时,男性就会借由性别暴力和其他形式的支配来贬抑女性。性法律是性分层和性迫害最强有力的根据。因此,性别在法律上得以分层,并成为性别不平等、性别压迫的来源、媒介甚至工具,尽管这种分层是不完全的。