商法探源——论中世纪的商人法

对商法史的考察和分析历来是我国商法学研究的薄弱环节。本文采用史论结合的研究方法 ,对中世纪商人法的产生背景做一些宏观考察 ,并尝试概括出其几个世纪以来演进的基本特点 ,希望可以收到正本清源、以史鉴今之效果。     

经济法在当代

一、经济全球化和高新技术的突破性发展 ,使经济法在当代空前繁荣 ,并凸现自己不可替代的特点法律是经济的上层建筑 ,有什么样的经济关系就有什么样的法律。当代经济的飞速发展 ,使经济活动已发生巨大变化。如 (1 )由个体经济发展为整体经济。经济活动以家庭、企业、个体利益为中心 ,单独完成的组织形式 ,已因跨国经营和兼并及国际贸易的频繁往来 ,让位给以整体利益为中心 ,由一定的社会经济组织 ,采用特定方式完成的组织形式 ,并要求从法律上加以确认 ;(2 )由以国为界 ,相对封闭的经济活动发展为经济全球化。电子商务和信息工程的发展 ,使…     

A Forked River Runs Through Law School: Toward Understanding Race, Gender, Age, and Related Gaps in Law School Performance and Bar Passage

Analyses of the National Longitudinal Bar Passage Study (N = 27,478), demonstrate that law schools enlarge entering academic differences across race, age, disability, and socioeconomic origins rather than reduce them, and that academic differences in turn impact bar passage. Such differences cannot be reduced to (1) academic preparation, effort, or distractions; (2) instructional or law school-type characteristics; (3) social class; or (4) acceptance of an elitist legal ethos. Rather, results suggest that (1) women, minorities, and other atypical law students confront stigmatization throughout legal education;(2) for women (entering law school in 1991), this stigmatization is new, rejected, and consequently unassociated with law school outcomes; (3) for minorities, this stigmatization is continuous with prior socialization, making resistance difficult and consequent impact sizable; and (4) for other atypical law students, this stigmatization varies with visibility of difference, as do resistance and impact. Implications for social stigma theory and legal education are discussed.     

The Boycott of the Law and the Law of the Boycott: Law, Labour, and Politics in British Columbia

This article uses a critical theoryllegal mobilization perspective to study the 1987–92 trade union boycott of the British Columbia labour law. The problems encountered establishing a total boycott–one that would eschew all contact with the state–and the subsequent modification of the parameters of the boycott through a selective reliance on the law offer an important case from which to learn more about the role of law and legal rights in highly regulated organizations and how collectives mobilize the law. The author argues that legal rights are important to unions because of their ability to mediate the complexity of labour relations through a decentralization of authority. At the same time, mobilization of the law for this purpose accentuates localized identities and unequal resources that operate in tension with a boycott ethos, necessitating a deliberative politics to legitimize the law. By exploring the tension between these two forms of mobilization around law–one to reduce complexity, another to legitimize broad collective norms–the author analyzes and draws some conclusions about the reproduction of social unionism in British Columbia.     

网络时代物权法的几个基本问题

以开放、自由、高效为特征的互联网络已经并将继续对现行物权法的价值理念、公示制度、物权变动模式、物权法的体系等基本理论问题提出挑战.根据"法律是社会经济生活的反映"这一要求,网络时代的物权法应该以自由和效率为其基本价值理念,在此基础上,现行法定主义物权立法模式应该向意思主义并注重效率的立法模式转变;同时,现行动产、不动产分别实行不同公示方法的二元制公示方法在网络时代将被统一的网络登记制度所代替,由此,物权变动模式也应该实行公示对抗主义;另外,统一的网络公示制度也将对现行物权法的体系产生一定的影响.     

"全球化"中法的一体化和多元化

人的交往需要规则,法律是其中最主要的规则之一,它必然随着全球化的到来而具有全球性或已经全球化.法律全球化并不等于所有的法律统一于某种法律或最后整合为统一的"世界法",而是各种法律不再孤立地存在或水火不相容地对立着,各种法律在保持其相对的独立性和不断地分化中趋于统一,是一体化与多元化的统一.法律全球化作为一个过程现在尚处于初始阶段,它主要是由西方资本主义发达国家向全球扩张的结果,因而明显带有西方法律霸权主义性质.但我们不能因此就否定法律全球化的积极意义,也不能认为它今后的发展永远会有利于西方发达国家.     

信息時代與中國刑法的轉型--訪中國政法大學研究生院副院長於志剛教授

互聊綱開創的不僅是人類生活的新時代，還有法律變革的新契機。傳统法律规则需要進行自我調整和更新換代，才能適應信息睛代的要求。在2011年年初舉行的第三届中國青年法學家論壇上，中國政法大學研究生院副院長、博士生導师于志剛教授以第六届中國十大傑出青年法學家的身份作了题爲《信息時代和中國法律、中國法學的轉型》，     

评析中世纪晚期英国济贫法

英国从封建主义向资本主义过渡时期曾出现过历史上最严重的贫困问题,贫困和流浪普遍存在,社会不安定因素急剧增加,这引起统治者的关注,为了维持统治,稳定社会秩序,统治者颁布了一系列的法令法规,确立了济贫原则,通过法律的形式将早期的社会保障活动固定下来.英国是世界上最早建立济贫法的国家,其立法精神一直对世界各国和地区的社会救济立法产生了重要影响.     

论全球化时代法律与经济的互动

探究经济与法律的关系是法律发展研究的重要课题。在全球化已进入社会生活各个领域的今天,法律与经济的交互发展展示了一幅波澜壮阔的图景,用法律来解释经济,用经济来解释法律。从法律文化的角度、从制度经济学的视野、在全球化的背景下真切地描绘这丰富多彩的日常生活,可以得到一种体验、一种感悟、一种启迪、一种享受。     

Seeing Law: The Comic,Icon and the Image in Law and Justice

This special issue examines how the comic and the icon prefigure forms of legality that are different to modern law. There is a primal seeing of law unmediated by reading, writing or possibly thinking. This introduction identifies the primacy of the eye, the emergence of visual jurisprudence and the transformations of law as a paper-based material practice to a digitally enabled activity.     

Bodies of Law: the Divine Architect,Common Law and the Ancient Constitution

This article addresses the architecture of the four Inns of Court inLondon as repositories for the body of law (corpus iuris). Thebuildings are perceived as visual representations of the unwrittenconstitution; evidence that the sign, not the text, remains thepredominant form through which the constitution manifests its content.It is in this context that the self-governing Inns are interpreted asmicrocosms of the City of God, envisaged by Saint Augustine andprefigured in ancient Greece by the Republic of Plato. The Innssynthesise these classical and Christian precepts; thereby creatinga unique commonwealth whose Utopian ideals are based on the applicationof Justitia, or righteousness: an ethical rather than alegal concept which underpins the English constitution. The argumentproposes a correlation between architectural development at the Inns andthe challenge posed to the institutional authority of the law by the newlearning of the Renaissance. It is the semiotics of legal architecturerather than its historical provenance which is central to my analysis. Iattempt to comprehend the effect of the influences outlined above on theform and content of the common law, the legal institution and theancient constitution.     

规律、规范、规则、原则——西方法学中几个与“法”相关的概念辨析

在西方法学中,有几个与“法”相关的概念,这就是“规律”、“规范”、“规则”和“原则”。一些法学家在对法的论述中,往往把这些概念与法联系起来,他们或者把法说成就是一种“规律”、“规范”、“规则”和“原则”;或者把它们说成是法的本质或构成要素。对这些概念与“法”的关系进行辨析,有助于深化对此的理解。     

Reforming the United Kingdom Constitution: Law,Convention, Soft Law

The Governance of Britain Green Paper continues the programme of constitutional reform begun in 1997, and appears to reinforce the juridification of the UK's constitution. Nevertheless, several key reforms will be implemented not by legislation, but by creating new conventions. This article argues that such ‘declared’ conventions are best understood as a form of constitutional ‘soft law’, which attempt to influence constitutional behaviour rather than generating binding norms. Applying a regulatory analysis, it then argues that the case for a soft, rather than hard law approach to constitutional reform is weaker than its widespread use in the UK suggests. Finally, the article challenges the thesis that the political constitution is being replaced by a legal constitution, arguing that the government's attitude to constitutional reform still exhibits basic characteristics of political constitutionalism. Moreover, there is more to contemporary constitutional developments than a bipolar contest between political and legal constitutionalism.     

Indigenous Australians: Language, and the Law

Indigenous peoples face a number of hurdles intaking cases to Australian law courts. In thecase that the social and economic problems canbe overcome, they face problems related to theintellectual structures of the court and thelanguage and philosophical beliefs that thecourt systems are based on. Derrida shows thatWestern metaphysics privileges speech overwriting, and this counts against indigenouscultures in which narrative knowledge is a formof writing. Due to this privileging, there is adifferend involving the courts and indigenouspeoples which makes the achievement of justicedifficult in the legal arena in Australia. Thisarticle questions whether the courts are thecorrect bodies to deal with indigenous issues.The achievement of justice is made moredifficult again by the truth-producing effectsof legal decisions, which render native titleas a weaker form of property right. Finally,indigenous Australians are caught in a catch-22situation, in which in order to receivejustice, they must Westernise their thought toadapt to the court system, and yet not allowany Westernisation of their culture. Such aWesternisation can be forced upon indigenouspeoples by the truth-producing effects oflanguage.