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1.
Shiping Zheng 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2003,8(1-2):47-63
Using Max Weber’s theory of legitimacy and transition, this article suggests that the biggest challenge for China’s new leadership
is to transform the Communist Party into an institutionalized ruling party. After analyzing the scenarios of democratization,
legitimation, decay, or repression, resulting from the interactions between public contention and the ruling elite, this article
argues that the CCP has accomplished the transition from a revolutionary to a reformist party but is now somewhere between
claiming to “govern for the people” and “hanging on to power.” To become an institutionalized ruling party, the CCP needs
to curtail official corruption and control its membership growth. There are, however, some serious political and personal
limitations that China’s new leaders will have to overcome.
He received his M.A. and Ph.D. in political science from Yale University in 1988 and 1992 respectively. He has been a visiting
scholar at Harvard University, research fellow at the Salzburg Seminar in Austria, and a visiting senior fellow at the East
Asian Institute of the National University of Singapore. His research interests include Chinese political institutions and
leadership changes, theories of international relations, Taiwan-Strait relations, and U.S.-China relations. He is the author
ofParty vs. State in Post-1949 China: The Institutional Dilemma (Cambridge University Press, 1997). The author wishes to thank John Watt, Joshua Forrest and two anonymous reviewers for
their valuable comments on the draft version of this article. 相似文献
2.
The role of ideology in Chinese politics has experienced dramatic changes in the past six decades. Mao Zedong had tremendous
power over the political institutions of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). During the Cultural Revolution, he mobilized the
masses against the Party’s institutions in the name of Mao Zedong Thought. Deng Xiaoping significantly downplayed the role
of ideology in politics by trying to avoid theoretical debates. Jiang Zemin invented a new thought, “Three Represents,” yet
the thought was detached from his name when it was enshrined in the CCP Constitution. Most recently, as a result of the political
succession at the Sixteenth National Congress of the CCP, Jiang is no longer the most authoritative interpreter of the thought.
Now it is Hu Jintao, new General Secretary of the CCP, who has become the official interpreter of the thought. He offered
a new interpretation in his July 1st speech on the “Three Represents” in 2003. It seems that ideology is no longer a personal trademark. It has become an asset
of the Party and been institutionalized under Hu Jintao because Hu has become the legitimate interpreter of the Party’s ideology
as the General Secretary of the Party.
He will be the inaugural Joe and Teresa Long Endowed Chair in the Social Sciences at Tarleton State University in Stephenville,
Texas in the Spring Semester of 2005. He received his Ph.D. in political science from the University of Chicago. He is the
author ofChinese Provincial Leaders: Economic Performance and Political Mobility since 1949 (Sharpe, 2002). The author wishes to thank three anonymous referees for their valuable comments on the earlier drafts of
this article, Stephine Corso, Nancy Hearst, and Fong Ruey-Jay for their research assistance, and Jessica Loon and Stephine
Corso for their editorial assistance. 相似文献
3.
Sheng Ding 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2008,13(2):193-213
This study attempts to answer a new but important question in China’s foreign policy— how Beijing has wielded its soft power
to construct its ideal of international order in the age of China’s rise. Before empirical analyses, this study tries to set
up a conceptual framework on the relations between the idea of “harmonious world” and China’s soft power wielding in its rising
process. Within this framework, this study examines a rising China’s foreign policies towards three targeted regions in the
global south—Africa, East Asia, and Latin America. On the one hand, due to Beijing’s carefully-designed and soft power-based
foreign policies, the global south has become an increasingly harmonious environment for Beijing to cultivate a favorable
national image, exert its political influence on regional affairs, benefit its own domestic economic developments, etc. On
the other hand, some problems such as the so-called “China’s New Colonialism” and the increased vigilance from the other powers
have already began to challenge Beijing’s harmony in those regions.
Sheng Ding is assistant professor of political science at Bloomsburg University. He received both his masters and doctoral
degrees from Rutgers. His research interests include soft power in international relations; transnational identity in globalization;
information technology and world politics; politics in Pacific Asia; Chinese politics and foreign policy; U.S.-China relations,
etc. His research articles have been published by Pacific Affairs, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics and East Asia: An International Quarterly. The author would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments on the draft of the paper. 相似文献
4.
Zhiqun Zhu 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2007,12(3):281-296
This paper, through a comparative study of the roles Chinese and Indian diasporas in the United States play in the political
economy of their respective homelands, explores the relationship between the diaspora and homeland development and how this
dynamic relationship contributes to economic growth and foreign relations of the homelands. The author argues that the roles
of Indian and Chinese diasporas in their respective homelands’ development consistently reflect, and are heavily influenced
by, their homelands’ economic development strategies as well as political history and culture. The author also argues that
the impact of the diaspora on the foreign relations of their homelands is conditional upon the state of bilateral relations
between their homeland and the country of residence. This study raises issues for future research, such as the relationship
between the diaspora and regime type of the homeland. The author concludes by suggesting that since activities of overseas
Chinese and non-resident Indians provide a unique perspective in the comparative study of Chinese and Indian political economy,
the two diasporas warrant more scholarly and policy attention.
Zhiqun Zhu, Ph.D. is currently Assistant Professor and Chair of International Political Economy and Diplomacy at the University
of Bridgeport, Connecticut. He is the author of US-China Relations in the 21
st
Century: Power Transition and Peace (Routledge, 2006). His research and teaching interests include international political economy, East Asian politics, and
US-China relations. He wishes to thank panelists at the 102nd annual conference of the American Political Science Association in Philadelphia for their helpful comments. He also wants
to acknowledge Dr. Dave Benjamin’s useful suggestions and editorial assistance. 相似文献
5.
The 2001 “spy” plane incident was probably the most serious military incident in Sino-American relations since the 1970s,
and it generated a crisis in the already brittle relationship since the new Bush administration came into office. This article
attempts to revisit this incident from the Chinese perspective and provides some insight into the understanding of the Chinese
foreign policy behavior and position on Sino-American relations. It presents the respective arguments concerning the responsibilities
of the incident, explores the Chinese historical memory of US hegemonic behavior, and examines the Chinese perspective and
attitude towards the incident and their causes through a study of the reactions of the Chinese government and the Chinese
people to the incident.1
He is the founding editor of theHong Kong Journal of Social Sciences and theJournal of Comparative Asian Development.
He is also Guest Lecturer at the School of Government, Zhongshan University in Guangzhou, China. The author wishes to thank
anonymous reveiwers for their helpful comments made on earlier drafts of this paper. 相似文献
6.
Yang Zhong 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2009,14(4):335-342
This article attempts to discuss the debate about “indigenizing political science in China” from the logic of comparative
politics. The author believes that the phrase “indigenizing political science in China” is misleading at best and destructive
to political science development in China at worst. The logic of comparative politics is the same as other comparative social
sciences: namely, it is the process of replacing proper names and treating tempo and spatial factors as potential variables
contributing to the explanation of political phenomena. As social scientists, we should not be content in using “local Chinese
conditions” or “special Chinese cultural factors” to explain political behavior and phenomena in China. Instead, we should
decompose the “special Chinese conditions” and “cultural factors” for the deeper meaning of these conditions and factors so
that we can conceptualize and elevate these conditions and factors to a theoretical level. In short, the author favors making
political science study in China more scientific and argues that the future of political science studies in China lies in
replacing the proper name “China” or “Chinese”. 相似文献
7.
Baogang Guo 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2003,8(1-2):1-25
This study reveals a distinctive Chinese cognitive model of political legitimacy, and analyzes how political leaders in Beijing
have maintained its legitimacy through cultivating different elements of this traditional model. The central argument developed
in this study is that so far the government in Beijing has shown remarkable adaptability to a changing political environment.
However, the transition towards a market economy has redefined the meanings of the century-old cognitive model. Consequently,
the existing system of legitimization is being seriously challenged.
He received his Ph.D. in political science from Brandies University. His recent articles appeared onAsian Survey, Modern China Studies, Twenty First Century (Hong Kong), andAmerican Review of China Studies. The author wishes to thank for the helpful comments made on earlier drafts of this paper by Yang Zhong, A. Jack Waskey,
He Li, Jim Stevenson, John Hebestreet, Tang Wei, and anonymous reviewers. 相似文献
8.
Eva Harman 《Human Rights Review》2006,7(4):81-99
Generating heated politics in South Africa is a proposal to introduce a universal basic income grant, known as “BIG”. The
“gaps” in the existing system of social assistance grants have caught the attention of activists and politicians across the
political spectrum. Most concur on the need to expand the system, but the issue of how its “gaps” should be closed is a matter
of great political divergence. To cast light on the significance of these debates, I show how the system's “gaps” are more
complicated than measurements of poverty and inequality may suggest. Following the social and economic relations that develop
around social grants, my analysis foregrounds a tension in the existing assistance system. Social grants provide a critical
source of income for recipients and their kin, assisting them to confront the challenging realities of current labor market
conditions. At the same time, social grants act as conduits for historical forces to articulate with local conditions and
reshape relationships between citizens, the state, and the market. This tension points to the ambiguity of the BIG proposal
and of its potential to engender a larger transformation.
My research in South Africa was supported by grants from the Human Rights Program and the Richter Fund at the University of
Chicago. I would like to thank the South Africans I interviewed at welfare offices and legal advice centers about the social
assistance system and the experience of receiving grants. I also thank Makhotso Pholosi, Tebogo Segale, Pumi Yeni, the staff
at the Legal Resources Centre in Pretoria, and my advisors, Jean Comaroff and Jennifer Cole. A version of this paper was presented
at the 2002 conference of the U.S. Basic Income Guarantee Network and I thank the members of the panel on the South African
Basic Income Proposal for their input. 相似文献
9.
Although territorial disputes have been much studied, the application of “two-level game” analysis in peace research and conflict
resolution is still relatively unexplored. In this essay, I seek to use the analytical propositions derived from this “two-level
game” bargaining framework to explain the success, failure, or partial resolution of sovereignty negotiations over China’s
island claims to the disputed islands of the Diaoyu/Senkaku, Amur/Ussuri rivers, and South China Sea. This essay will focus
on the interaction between governments and domestic nationalist groups, the role of institutions, and the strategies of negotiators
to explain the development of the territorial disputes. I will evaluate how different political and social preferences, historical
memories, economic priorities, side payments, and institutional constraints affect inter-state bargaining behavior and relations
between the government and different segments of society. Basically, I am interested in finding out what significant roles
national, sub-national and transnational actors can and do play in aggravating, minimizing, terminating or preventing conflicts
over island claims involving China.
Dr. Chien-peng Chung is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Politics and Sociology of Lingnan University, Hong Kong.
He is the author of Domestic Politics, International Bargaining, and China’s Territorial Disputes (London & New York: Routledge, 2004). 相似文献
10.
Gang Lin 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2000,6(1):17-36
This paper explores Taiwan’s power reconfiguration resulted from the 2000 presidential election and its implication for the
perplexed cross-Strait Strait relations. It looks back at Taiwan’s party transformations on the part of the Kuomintang (KMT)
and the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) over the past decade, discusses several important factors directly related to the
victory of the DPP, and analyzes Taipei’s post-election political arrangements and conciliatory gestures toward Beijing. The
paper concludes that given the political disparity between mainland China and Taiwan as well as the transitory nature of Taipei’s
new government, Beijing will continue its “wait and see” policy toward Taipei, hence the chance for political dialogue between
the two sides is slim in the foreseeable future.
He served as President of the Association of Chinese Political Studies from 1998 to 1999. He writes on Chinese politics and
cross-Taiwan Strait relations. Most recently, he co-edited Transition toward the Post-Deng China (forthcoming in 2001) and
Prospects for Cross-Taiwan Strait Developments (2000). He received a Ph.D. in political science from Pennsylvania State University
(1997).
Gang Lin is Program Associate at the Woodrow Wilson Center’s Asia Program. This article reflects the author’s personal viewpoints
only. 相似文献
11.
China’s Harmonious World: Beyond Cultural Interpretations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A culture “specter” is haunting the ongoing discourse regarding China’s declared policy of “peaceful rise” for a “harmonious
world.” While some Western scholars “cherry-pick” “evidence” of China’s aggressiveness from Confucius legacies, the same cultural
heritage is heavily tapped by many Chinese scholars to interpret the current policy of striving for internal and external
harmony. Both seem to ignore, though to different degrees, the historically specific political environment, within which the
cultural elements function and interact with other socio-political variables. China’s current pursuit of harmony is possible
and desirable only at a time when China is able to achieve sustained sociopolitical stability (30 years) in the past 160 years
and after its protracted encounter and experiment with Western liberalism, Marxism and capitalism. Although it has not explicitly
rejected any of these Western ideologies, China has tested the limits of all of them—hence China’s search for its own identity
and policy alternatives at the onset of the new millennium. It is toward a more historical and holistic explanation that this
paper constructs the political space and historical trajectory of China’s search for modernity and for itself in the past
two centuries and into the future.
Yu Bin is Professor of Political Science and Director of East Asian Studies at Wittenberg University, Ohio, USA; Senior Fellow
at Shanghai Institute of American Studies; analyst on Russian-China relations for Pacific Forum (CSIS) in Honolulu, Hawaii;
and former president of Association of Chinese Political Studies (1992-94). Yu is the author and co-author of several books
including the most recent ones: The Government of China (Stockton, NJ.: OTTN Publishing, 2006); Power of the moment: America and the world after 9-11 [Shunjian de Liliang: 9-11 Hou de Meiguo Yu Shijie] (Beijing: Xinhua Chubanshe, 2002); and Mao’s Generals Remember Korean (The University Press of Kansas, 2001). He has published more than 60 articles in journals including World Politics, Strategic Review, Asian Survey, International Politics Quarterly (Beijing), The China and Eurasian Forum Quarterly, International Journal of Korean Studies, Harvard International Review, Comparative Connections, etc. 相似文献
12.
Guoli Liu 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2003,8(1-2):101-117
This essay examines the nature of China’s leadership transition, contending perspectives on Chinese foreign policy, and new
foreign policy orientation. By examining leadership transition and new policy development, this essay demonstrates change
and continuity in Chinese foreign policy. For analyzing new policy orientation, the following points require special attention.
First, the fundamental goal of Chinese foreign policy is to create a peaceful environment for socioeconomic development. Second,
“do not seek enemy” has become an essential part of China’s foreign policy. Third, pragmatism and professionalism are becoming
key features of Beijing’s diplomacy. Finally, China’s new leaders are facing enormous domestic and international challenges.
They must learn to balance domestic and international concerns in order to achieve peace and development.
He is the author ofStates and Markets: Comparing Japan and Russia, co-author ofAmerican Foreign Policy and U.S.-China Relations, and co-editor ofNew Directions in Chinese Politics for the New Millennium. He has recently editedChinese Foreign Policy in Transition (New York: Aldine de Gruyter, forthcoming). The author would like to express his appreciation to William Dorrill, He Li,
Lucian W. Pye, Wei Tang, Zhiqun Zhu, and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. An earlier version of the paper was
presented at the Annual Meeting of American Political Science Association in August 2003. 相似文献
13.
A growing literature has sought to address the question of Chinese nationalism, and particularly whether or not its rise over
the last decade could make China more prone to international conflict. Yet these discussions have often not been well grounded
in either theories of nationalism or international relations (IR) theory. This paper will seek to fill this gap by using a
constructivist approach to examine how nationalism is constituted by the interaction of states. By doing so, it will be argued
that Chinese nationalism can best be understood as a reactive response to international events rather than domestic political
manipulation.
Michael Alan Brittingham is a visiting assistant professor in the Department of Political Science and International Studies
at McDaniel College. He has previously taught at the University of Louisville. In 2005, he completed his dissertation entitled,
“Reactive Nationalism and Its Prospects for Conflict: The Taiwan Issue, Sino-US Relations, & the ‘Role’ of Nationalism in
Chinese Foreign Policy” in the Department of Political Science at the University of Pittsburgh. His current research interests
include international relations theory, Chinese foreign policy, and nationalism. 相似文献
14.
H. H. Lai 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2006,11(1):55-77
In the post-Mao era China’s society and religion are both becoming increasingly pluralistic. State policies toward religion
are also evolving. Views of state-society relations as “totalitarian” exaggerate the state’s control; the civil-society approach
overestimates society’s autonomy. This paper explains the state’s religious policies in terms of a “post-totalitarian” frame
of reference. Religious organizations and the Communist Party share a reliance on ideology and organization to operate and
survive, making them potential rivals. As a shrewd monopolist of organizational and ideological instruments, the state seeks
to reduce the threat posed by religion, adopting differentiated strategies toward them as they revive. The state co-opts,
tolerates, deters, restricts, or suppresses different religions or sects, according to each specific religion’s organizational
strength, doctrine, and compliance with state authority. The state is thus able to prevent the rise of large, independent,
and organized religious groups while leaving considerable space for religious activity.
Dr. H. H. Lai is a faculty member the National University of Singapore who has researched on China’s state-society relations.
The author would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments and Mr. Kelly for his thorough and helpful copy
editing. 相似文献
15.
Su-Cheng Chao 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》1998,4(2):41-71
Guangxi’s geographical location in the Southwest region of mainland China has resulted in its delay of economic modernization
until 1992, compared to those coastal provinces in the southeast. In order to stimulate its economic development, Guangxi
has to enhance its foreign trade, including border trade, with neighboring countries and to introduce and utilize foreign
direct investment from abroad for its infrastructures and manufactures. In analyzing the case of Guangxi, this paper tries
to make a comparison between Guangxi on the one hand and Guangdong and Yunnan on the other, and then to find the different
patterns in the process of their economic development in terms of their structures of foreign trade and foreign direct investment.
This paper also addresses the issue of central-local relations by explaining the disruption of a planned economy in mainland
China and the decline of central government in regulating local economic activities.
She received her MA degree from The City University of New York. Her major research interest is in provincial and regional
economic development in mainland China. Currently she is working on a project of state-owned enterprises in mainland China.
Her recent publications include “The Pattern of Guangdong’s Foreign Trade: An Analysis,” Mainland China Studies, Vol.41, no.2
(February 1998) and “Regional Economic Integration and Yunnan’s Foreign Trade,” Mainland China Studies, Vol.41, no. 5 (May
1998). 相似文献
16.
This article presents three main findings from a purposive stratified survey of urban and rural residents. First, Chinese
citizens “disaggregate” the state with high levels of satisfaction for Central government that fall dramatically as government
gets closer to the people. Satisfaction levels are noticeably lower for those in rural China. Second, attitudes about the
way policy is implemented by local governments raise concerns. Irrespective of place of residence, respondents feel that when
implementing policy local officials and governments are mainly concerned with their own interests, are more receptive to the
views of their superiors rather than those of ordinary people, favor those with money, and are formalistic in implementing
policy rather than dealing with actual problems. Third, the areas of work that citizens would really like government to concentrate
on are job creation and providing basic guarantees to protect against the shocks of the transition to a market economy.
Tony Saich is the Daewoo Professor of International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University and Director
of the Harvard University Asia Center. His recent research focuses on the development of social policy in China, particularly
on the provision of public goods by local governments. His publications include Governance and Politics of China by Palgrave and edited volumes on Financial Sector Reform in China (with Yasheng Huang and Edward Steinfeld) and AIDS and Social Policy in China (with Joan Kaufman and Arthur Kleinman both by Harvard University Asia Center. He would like to thank Edward Cunningham for
his great help in preparing this article. He also wants to thank Victor Yuan (Horizon Market Research Company) for his tremendous
help in designing the survey and implementing it. In addition, I would like to thank Anita Chan, Martin King Whyte and two
anonymous reviewers for their extremely helpful comments on an earlier draft. 相似文献
17.
He Li 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2005,10(2):77-102
Latin America and the Caribbean have been a major battleground of the “foreign policy war” between Taiwan and the PRC over
international legitimacy, and recognition. This paper analyzes the growing rivalry between China and Taiwan and its implications.
The first part of the paper examines the importance of Latin America and the Caribbean for both Beijing and Taipei. The second
section explores political aspects of their involvement in the region. The third part assesses how Beijing and Taipei use
economic diplomacy to meet their diplomatic objectives in Latin America. The fourth section examines the implications of the
increasing rivalry between Taipei and Beijing in the region.
This study is supported by a Fulbright scholarship and a faculty development grant from Merrimack College. The views in the
paper are entirely mine and should not be ascribed to the institutions acknowledged above. I would like to express my appreciation
to Wang Hsiu-chi at Tamkang University in Taiwan who provided me with excellent facilities during my field trip to Taiwan.
Author would like to thank Curtis Martin, Lowell Dittmer, Xiaogang Deng, Antonio Hsiang, Tchen Tchiang, Baohui Zhang, Baogang
Guo, Guoli Liu, Ping Li, and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on earlier versions of this paper. An earlier
version of the paper was presented at the International Symposium on National Identity and the Future Cross-Strait Relations,
University of Macau, in December, 2004. 相似文献
18.
Mutuma Ruteere 《Human Rights Review》2006,7(2):6-16
Drawing from recent advocacy efforts on the right to education in Kenya, this article argues that linking human rights to
local political struggles is a useful way of ensuring their realization. Human rights are legal and moral but their realization
is a political project. The form that this project takes will differ from context to context. While paying due regard to the
remarkable contribution of international human rights regimes and transnational advocacy of the last fifty years in providing
the world with a powerful legal and moral vocabulary of rights, this article suggests that this vocabulary risks losing its
edge unless those working in the field of human rights recognize the necessity of local politics. The article examines the
activities of the Kenyan human rights movement and its strategic linking of access to basic education with repression of political
freedoms.
I would like to thank participants at the May 9–10, 2003 “Rights in Africa” conference at North-wester University, Illinois,
for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper. 相似文献
19.
Sujian Guo 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》1998,4(1):33-72
Post-Mao’s economic reforms have led many China analysts to observe that post-Mao China has been moving toward capitalism
or “capitalist takeover” has occurred in post-Mao China. This observation has a significant implication both for the US foreign
economic policy and in the study of regime change in post-Mao China. The purpose of this article is to revisit and reassess
the economic transformation in post-Mao China to obtain a holistic understanding of the central reality in post-Mao China
on the one side, while on the other to rebut the assertion of “capitalist takeover” in post-Mao China. Through a systematic
survey of party documents, policy statements, leaders’ speeches, official newspapers and magazines, general academic studies
on the post-Mao reform in English and in Chinese, this article examines the post-Mao economic transformation along the three
key empirical dimensions in terms of systemic change: the existence of capitalist elements, the ownership structure, and the
role of the market in the Chinese economy. The findings based on fresh empirical evidence suggest that China has not made
any significant change from communism toward capitalism in any of those fields despite the considerable change made in the
past 20 years.
Sujian Guo was a former policy analyst at the Party Central Committee during 1987–1991. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Political
Science at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, writing a dissertation entitled “The Totalitarian Model Revisited: Assessing
the Post-Mao Regime Change.” His areas of specialization are Comparative Politics, International Relations and Political Methodology.
His research interests have focused on comparative communist and post-communist studies, democratic transition/democratization,
regime change in post-Mao China, China/Asian politics. His publications include numerous articles in some of the above areas.
His most recent articles appeared inCommunist and Post-Communist Studies, Issues & Studies, andJournal of Northeast Asian Studies. 相似文献
20.
The personnel reshuffle at the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party is widely regarded as the first smooth and peaceful transition of power
in the Party’s history. Some China observers have even argued that China’s political succession has been institutionalized.
While this paper recognizes that the Congress may provide the most obvious manifestation of the institutionalization of political
succession, this does not necessarily mean that the informal nature of politics is no longer important. Instead, the paper
contends that Chinese political succession continues to be dictated by the rule of man although institutionalization may have
conditioned such a process. Jiang Zemin has succeeded in securing a legacy for himself with his “Three Represents” theory
and in putting his own men in key positions of the Party and government. All these present challenges to Hu Jintao, Jiang’s
successor. Although not new to politics, Hu would have to tread cautiously if he is to succeed in consolidating power.
The authors are grateful to the two anonymous referees for their valuable comments on the paper. 相似文献