骨营养不良乳牛血清钙及血清游离羟脯氨酸含量测定

应用改良Fujii氏光电比色法和EDTANa2 滴定法对 88头乳牛进行血清钙、游离羟脯氨酸检测。结果表明 :有明显或轻微骨营养不良临床症状的乳牛 (以下称病牛 )与临床检查无骨营养不良症状的乳牛 (以下称对照牛 )比较 ,病牛的血清钙高于对照牛 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;血清游离羟脯氨酸亦明显高于对照牛 (P <0 .0 1)。因此 ,血清钙升高可作为乳牛骨营养不良诊断的参考指标 ,而血清游离羟脯氨酸升高是乳牛骨营养不良早期诊断的指标     

日粮中维生素D3含量对笼养蛋鸡骨矿含量及骨显微结构的影响

将 175只 10周龄伊莎蛋鸡随机分为A、B、C、D、E共 5组 ,分别在每千克饲料中添加维生素D3(VD3) 0、10 0、2 0 0、5 0 0和 10 0 0IU ,试验期 10周。试验期间每隔 2周测定骨矿含量。试验开始及结束时杀鸡取胫骨 ,进行组织学检查。试验结束时 ,A、B、C、D、E组骨矿总平均值分别为0 .6 6 8g/cm2 ± 0 .0 82g/cm2 、0 .6 79g/cm2 ± 0 .10 2g/cm2 、0 .6 92g/cm2 ± 0 .10 3g/cm2 和 0 .6 6 8g/cm2 ± 0 .0 81g/cm2 、0 .6 47g/cm2 ± 0 .0 79g/cm2 。C组骨矿含量显著高于A、D、E组 (P <0 .0 5 )。骨组织学检查亦显示 ,试验开始时 ,青年蛋鸡皮质骨、骨小梁正常 ;试验结束时 ,低VD3组和高VD3组皮质骨都出现了不同程度吸收腔增多的现象 ,且严重程度与VD3缺乏或过量程度呈正相关性。试验结果表明 ,青年蛋鸡日粮中添加适宜剂量的VD3,可增加骨量 ,维持良好的骨结构。     

笼养蛋用鸡血清降钙素水平的检测

对北京某大型蛋用鸡场产蛋高峰期及高峰期后(27、39和51周龄)的临床正常海兰褐色蛋鸡和瘫痪鸡血清的降钙素(CT)水平进行检测,并对瘫痪鸡进行病理剖检和X光检测.结果,产蛋高峰期时,笼养蛋用鸡血清CT水平先上升,然后逐渐下降;瘫痪鸡血清CT水平最低,瘫痪鸡胫骨和跖骨骨密质明显疏松,髓腔变宽,骨髓减少.     

丙酸钠和丙酮酸钠对体外培养牛肝细胞内丙酮酸羟化酶基因mRNA水平的影响

在成功构建牛肝细胞培养模型和PC基因DNA竞争模板的基础上,采用竞争RT-PCR方法检测了丙酸钠和丙酮酸钠对体外培养新生牛单层肝细胞PC基因mRNA丰度的影响。结果,随着丙酸钠浓度的升高,PC基因mRNA水平呈上升趋势,PC基因mRNA对丙酸钠的耐受范围较广;随着丙酮酸钠浓度的升高PC基因mRNA水平呈先上升后下降的趋势。结果表明,肝细胞内PC基因mRNA的表达水平受丙酮酸钠浓度的调控,在一定范围内丙酮酸钠对PC基因mRNA的转录具有促进作用,而浓度过高时则起抑制作用。     

阿维菌素对体外培养王鸽神经细胞内游离钙离子浓度及CaM mRNA表达的影响

提取美国王鸽8～9日龄鸽胚脑神经细胞进行体外培养,按照阿维菌素(AVM)染毒的剂量分成4组,分别为0ìg/L(Ⅰ组)、2.5 ìg/L(Ⅱ组)、5 ìg/L(Ⅲ组)和10 ìg/L(Ⅳ组),染毒24 h后,用MTT法进行细胞活性检测,应用荧光探针法检测细胞内游离Ca2+浓度,应用半定量RT-PCR法检测细胞内CaM mRNA的表达水平.结果显示,AVM能够引起王鸽神经细胞内游离Ca2+浓度升高,CaM mRNA表达水平下降.表明AVM能影响王鸽体外培养神经细胞内的钙稳态.     

The possibility of an Asian monetary union drawing from the EMU experience

This academic exercise evaluates the possibility of formation of a monetary union within East Asia, with the European Monetary Union (EMU) providing a referential framework against which lessons and comparisons are drawn. The benefits and drawbacks to Asia of adopting such a union are discussed, and their relative magnitude weighed against each other by employing the theory of the Optimum Currency Area (OCA). Although studies under the OCA framework have not yielded irrefutable or definitive results on the economic sustainability of an Asian monetary union, it is concurred that such a union is as economically viable as the EMU. The political sentiments towards monetary unification in East Asia are also examined, and though leaders remain generally unreceptive to such an undertaking, it is receiving serious consideration as cooperative monetary efforts accelerate and integrative initiatives deepen across Asia. Attention is also given to the existing monetary union between Singapore and Brunei (MUBS) as it commands relevance in our analysis due to its residence within Asia itself, and its smooth functioning despite economic disparities between its two members. A gradualist approach towards East Asian monetary unification, whereby smaller monetary unions are first formed to be eventually merged to make up an East Asian-wide monetary union is also discussed.     

Who should code your conduct? Trade union and NGO differences in the fight for workers' rights

The debate over workplace codes of conduct has created tensions between trade unions and human rights NGOs. These tensions result from the inherent structural differences between interest‐driven trade unions and ideals‐driven human rights NGOs. The differences play themselves out in how these actors pursue social justice in a globalised economy. Human rights NGOs tend to see codes of conduct as a method to prevent violations, akin to their traditional work on legal reform and human rights monitoring. Trade unions assess codes for their potential to help empower workers, especially to help ensure freedom of association, which will lead to the realisation of participatory rights. In our understanding of human rights as a means of empowerment for vulnerable groups, we argue that the trade union perspective on human rights is a good long‐term approach. Short‐term successes, such as improving working conditions through outside patronage, seem useful only to the extent they serve this long‐term goal.     

Gradualism and uncertainty in international union formation: The European Community’s first enlargement

This paper introduces a new theoretical framework of international unions qua coalitions of countries adopting a common policy and common supranational institutions. I make use of a three-country spatial bargaining game of coalition formation, in order to examine the endogenous strategic considerations in the creation and enlargement of international unions. Why would we observe a gradualist approach in the formation of the grand coalition even if the latter is assumed to be weakly efficient? I propose asymmetric information about the benefits of integration as a mechanism that can generate gradual union formation in equilibrium. As it turns out, it may well be in the ‘core’ countries’ interest to delay the accession of a third, ‘peripheral’ country in order to (1) stack the institutional make-up of the initial union in their favor and (2) signal their high resolve to wait out the expansion of their bilateral subunion. A related case from the European experience provides an interesting illustration.     

实验性免疫应激对雏鸡促肾上腺皮质激素的影响

根据鸡新城疫Ⅰ系疫苗(ND Ⅰ)免疫剂量将2周龄健康雏鸡200只随机分成4组,检测血液中促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的动态变化.结果免疫接种后ACTH从第1 d开始上升,第5 d达到高峰,此时与对照组相比差异极显著(P＜0.01),第7 d开始下降,第21 d仍极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).     

多黏菌素对鸡血液中SOD活性及丙二醛含量的影响

给鸡饮服不同剂量多黏菌素B,在不同时间测定了血浆中过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果表明,给鸡饮服多黏菌素后,低剂量组鸡于8d后血浆SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),且保持较低的水平;中、高剂量组鸡分别于给药后第4、第1d血浆SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),随后血浆SOD活性均降低而MDA含量升高。说明低剂量多黏菌素能提高鸡血浆中SOD的活性,增强机体的抗氧化能力;但高剂量或长期给药,鸡血浆中SOD活性下降而MDA含量升高。