论行政诉讼和解适用的有限性

和解制度在行政诉讼领域的适用有效地化解了当事双方的矛盾,对于维护行政相对人的合法权益,保障行政机关依法行政,有效提升法院的司法公信力具有重要的促进作用.然而,由于行政权的本质属性、传统文化中法治观念的缺失以及当前行政诉讼和解的滥用等因素,决定了在行政诉讼中和解的适用必须具有有限性.本文从适用范围、适用过程以及结果等方面对行政诉讼和解适用的有限性进行了界定并提出了相应的保障措施,以期规范行政诉讼和解行为,推进行政机关依法行政,促进人民法院行政审判工作的科学开展.     

Environmental Insurance: A Risk Management Tool for Real Estate

Traditional risk management tools including contract allocation and reliance upon statutory defenses or government releases can be incomplete, contentious, and costly solutions to address risks associated with environmental liability and cleanup obligations in real estate transfer and property ownership. Such traditional methods leave environmental risk for the interested parties in the real estate transaction to bear over time and bring added new risks to the parties. Environmental insurance transfers all or part of the risk to a third-party insurance company (insurer) that is not a participating party in the transaction, thereby taking insurable environmental risk out of the transaction. Further, environmental insurance can add positive value to the transaction by bringing necessary risk identification and validation, and loss minimization and claims handling expertise to the transaction by virtue of the underwriting and claims management process, and add the financial strength and expertise of a qualified insurer. Insurance is often perceived by lenders, investors, developers, contractors, tenants, and future purchasers as a positive assurance against environmental risk associated with the property, allowing business relationships and financing to proceed more smoothly. In this way, environmental insurance serves as a more comprehensive and complete risk management tool for the real estate transaction and property ownership.     

行政诉讼证据制度的几个问题探析

文章认为我国目前有关行政诉讼制度的理论设计和法律规定正在走入一个误区 ,其制度的目的背离了行政诉讼制度控制行政权和保障合法权益的初衷 ,表现为对证据合法性标准的不合理突破、被告行政机关举证认定规则的放宽和举证责任的不合理分配 ,这极有可能影响我国行政诉讼制度的健康发展。     

Environmental Insurance for Contractors: More Possibilities Than May Be Expected

Pollution events are often thought of as uninsurable. A more realistic view is that loss or claim from a pollution incident is an insured event in many insurance standard property and liability policies. While coverage may be narrow and limits less than may be desired, it does exist. In this article we look at insurance policies typical of the construction industry to determine the extent of coverage for damages from an incident of pollution.     

International Co-operation in Cross-Border Insolvency: HIH Insurance

The House of Lords decision in HIH Insurance raised important questions about the pari passu principle of distribution in cross-border insolvency. This comment examines the case in light of academic debate, arguing that Lord Hoffmann's application of the principle of (modified) universalism achieved distributive justice amongst HIH group creditors.     

行政诉讼中的成熟性原则研究

成熟性原则是现代行政诉讼制度中的重要原则,对于协调行政权和司法权的关系、促进司法职能的正常发挥具有重要意义,最终将有利于维护和救济公民权利。中国行政诉讼制度中尽管有着对“成熟性”原则的考虑,但并未明确将之作为一个受理的原则确立下来,随着行政法治的发展,有必要在行政诉讼法中确立这一原则。     

International Environmental Agreements for biodiversity conservation: a game-theoretic analysis

This paper contributes to the emerging literature on International Environmental Agreements with an analysis of key characteristics for biodiversity conservation. We study three features that are specific to an international conservation agreement: the existence of a natural upper bound of conservation in each country, the importance of local benefits, and the subadditivity of the global conservation function. We consider asymmetries in benefits and costs of conservation and, separately, in the upper bound of conservation in each country, and we examine the impacts of these features on coalition stability and on the effectiveness of biodiversity agreements. Results show that subadditivity of the global conservation function can lead to larger stable coalitions. The inclusion of a transfer scheme that might be implemented through, e.g., international trade of biodiversity credits, can have an impact on coalition composition and can improve conservation outcomes and the size of stable coalitions in certain ranges of the parameter space.     

房屋权属纠纷诉讼机制探析——以民行交叉为背景展开

对于如何解决民行交叉问题，学界已有诸多方案，但这些方案的目的多在于建立两种诉讼的协调机制即先民后行或先行后民，或是建立两种诉讼的统一机制即行政附带民事或民事附带行政，而较少关注可否通过法律的修改与完善，使纠纷仅仅通过民事诉讼或行政诉讼一种诉讼机制来解决。我们需要检视现有解决机制的利弊，寻找通过单一诉讼机制解决房屋权属纠纷的途径。     

Arbitration of Environmental Insurance Claims: It's Not All Bad News for Policyholders

Most environmental insurance policies contain provisions calling for arbitration of claim disputes. Arbitration generally is confidential; it prevents development of the common law and is geared toward compromise. Standard policy arbitration provisions also are often used to curtail traditional policyholder protections. For these and other reasons, arbitration is generally not favorable to policyholders and should often be avoided. About a dozen states recognize this and bar coverage arbitration. There are other ways to avoid arbitration depending on the circumstances. However, if arbitration ultimately is required, there are several practical ways to make it fairer.     

Insurance Coverage for Environmental Claims: Current Litigation Issues in the United States

The insurance industry introduced exclusions for environmental claims in the general commercial litigation policies in the early 1970s, and introduced even greater restrictions in the 1980s. Litigation over the two most common pollution exclusions has been robust and will likely continue to increase. This article first briefly reviews the history of insurance coverage for environmental claims in the United States, including the most common issues and how the courts have addressed them. The article then discusses the current issues and emerging trends in insurance coverage for environmental claims under the general commercial policies. Finally, there is a brief discussion on the growing market for insurance products that specifically cover (rather than exclude) environmental claims.     

《环境污染强制责任保险管理办法(草案)》除外责任之探讨

除外责任具体内容的设计应考虑公益和私益的平衡,确保其在及时、有效分散与移转风险,削减社会管理成本的同时兼顾承保人、投保人、受害人三方的私益.《环境污染强制责任保险管理办法(草案)》中将"不可抗拒的自然灾害""环境污染犯罪"的除外责任限定于"致使第三者遭受的损害"不妥,保险公司不应为生态环境损害承担保险责任;将"环境污染...