刑事政策视野中的刑法目的解释

<正>刑法适用解释是纸面上的刑法得以适用于个案的必经路径,而刑法适用解释的关键是解释方法的选择及其位阶安排问题。这一问题的棘手之处在于,各种解释方法着眼点的不同往往导致考察者思维上的混乱。     

古代法律与法医学

法医学是因法律的需要而发生发展起来的。古代法律与法医不的关系是研究法医学史的重要课题。关于我国古代法律与法医学的关系已经在拙著《中国古代法医学史》一书中做了比较详细的研究。关于外国古代法律与法医学的关系是研究世界法医学史不可缺少的组成部分。这方面的研究国内尚未见报告，本文根据有关文献资料作一综合介绍。乌尔纳姆法典早在2113～2006BC，苏美尔人（sume－rian）在两河流域南部古城乌尔（今伊拉克境内）第一次建立起统一的国家乌尔（Ur）。乌尔第三王朝的创建者乌尔纳姆的重要历史功绩之一就是编定了一部法典：乌尔纳…     

THE LAW AND ECONOMICS OF REGULATING RATINGS FIRMS

Consumers and producers frequently rely on product ratings,such as college rankings, restaurant reviews, and bond ratings.While much has been written about the structure of ratings inparticular industries, little has been written on the generalstructure of different ratings industries and whether governmentintervention is typically needed. This paper begins that inquiryby examining the market structure of different ratings industries,and considering the circumstances under which firms that provideratings should be regulated. We find that most ratings firmsoperate in highly concentrated markets. We also find that mostratings firms determine their own testing standards and methods,although some industries have self-governing oversight bodiesthat offer their own accreditation standards. Despite the findingthat many ratings industries are concentrated, our analysissuggests that market forces generally appear to be an effectivemechanism for providing consumers and producers with usefulratings.     

Ius和right的词义变迁 谈两大法系权利概念的历史演进

<正>一、问题的提出:罗马法上有权利概念吗?"权利"可谓一个老生常谈的话题,但是作为一个独立的概念,"权利"是否从来就有呢?我们的考察从古代法学的最完善形态——罗马法——开始。在罗马法上,"权利"概念出现了吗?现代学者一般认为,在罗马法上,ius被用来表示权     

“禁”还是“不禁”，这是个问题 关于“禁放令”的法律经济学分析

<正>所有的道路都通向城市……——凡尔哈伦(它)通向哪里并不重要,甚至不通向任何地方也不重要,无论怎样,它并不规定必须向前的方向……——米歇尔·福柯     

THE EVOLUTION OF POLICY AND LAW FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

This article examines the evolution of politics and laws related to sustainable development in China. Sustainable development has been positioned as an economic development strategy many years ago. However, in earlier times, it bore a heavy tint of national strategy, followed by a kind of soft sustainable development with a technological orientation. The recent decade has seen China on track for strong sustainable development. At the present, China is around the turning point of the ＂Environmental Kuznets Curve,＂ where both domestic and international multiple pressures are forcing the whole country to make new choices for its dimension of sustainable development strategy. Although sustainable development has been recognized by the legal field of environmental resources, it is still not yet fully integrated into other areas of law. The period from weak to strong sustainable transition is accompanied by another transition, more significant in China, from industrial civilization to ecological civilization. Compared to weak sustainable development, the complex and contradictory character of strength has brought more challenges. Sustainable development of dualism and compromise, which corresponds with the actual needs in China, is an important theoretical basis and practical standards for implementing the scientific view of development. Finally, it concludes by noting that ecological civilization is attempting to solve the problems from a more broad perspective, and to pay more attention to public participation, at the same time to cover the shortage of environmental legislation.     

刑事法治的理想与立法的局限 刑事诉讼法修改研究之综述与反思

<正> 一、引言1996年全国人大对刑事诉讼法进行了修改,对庭审方式作出了较大变革,完善了辩护、强制措施、被害人等制度。这些改革措施对于推动和促进我国刑事诉讼制度的现代化,无疑具有积极意义。但是,此次刑事诉讼法修改也存在很多不足,比如改革的有限性、新法内部存在的矛盾、诸多举措在实践层面无法实现等。随着近些年来刑事诉讼理论和实践的发展,这些问题暴露得越来越多,很多学者和实务界人士认为,只有通过修改刑事诉讼法才能加以解