Detection of metals in human tissues by spectrum analysis

Potentialities of spectrography experts were demonstrated to be helpful to the employees of patient-care facilities (expertise and research institutions) in solving a variety of burning issues by joint effort. Tissue samplings, hairs and daily urine were comparatively analyzed, by the example of using the low-friction hip arthroplasty by comochrome friction Protasu-21WF, for the content of microelements (ME) belonging to the hip endoprosthesis. We found that MEs (Co, Cr, Mo) are mostly discharged during the first year of endoprosthesis utilization, after which, a regular reduction of concentrations was noted. No exceeding norms were registered in any cases, which denotes a minimal wear of the friction pair.     

LC／MS／MS法测定生物组织中百草枯

目的建立LC／MS／MS检测生物体液中百草枯方法。方法弱阳离子交换固相萃取小柱提取剂，应用LC／MS／MS法对生物样品中百草枯进行定性定量分析。结果经该方法测得百草枯的最小检出限为10ng／ml血（S／N≥3），线性范围为0．02～20μg／ml。结论该方法快速、灵敏、准确，适用于生物检材中百草枯的分析。     

Immunochemical methods in detection of opiates in tissues and organs

Conditions of isolation of opiates from tissues and analysis of the resultant extracts by immunochemical methods are discussed. The main characteristics of OPIATES U kits (Pharmatech) for polarization fluorescent immunoanalysis of cadaveric material (liver) are determined. Immunochemical methods for forensic chemical analysis for opiates are experimentally compared.     

人体组织两种简易保存法DNA抽提效果的比较研究

比较研究人体不同组织在不同保存条件下DNA抽提效果。取冷冻保存和50％乙醇固定保存的各种组织，用有机溶剂抽提法提取DNA。用50％乙醇固定保存的人体不同组织在校长时期内仍可获得与新鲜冷冻组织相近的DNA抽提效果，经卡方检验二者无明显差异（X2≤0．21，P≥0．995）。乙醇保存法简便易行，DNA产量高，效果好，适用于各种特殊情况下的组织保存。     

Comparative study on DNA abstraction of human tissues preserved by two different methods

Comparative studies have been made on the effect of DNA abstraction of different human tissues preserved by different methods. The results showed that different human tissues preserved in 50% alcohol may have similar DNA abstraction effect for a relatively long time as frozen tissues. They have no significant difference (chi 2 < or = 0.21, P > or = 0.995). This preservation method has the advantage of simplicity, high DNA output and good effect, and is suitable for preserving tissues under special circumstances.     

Detection and investigation of microparticles of biological tissues in gunshot wounds

We studied feasibility of expert purposes solution in examination of gunshot bullet injuries by investigation traces of microparticles of tissues expulsed from the wounds and settled near the victim. Laws of such traces formation are established, feasibility of localization of the place of wounding, of the shot direction finding, definition of the gender, group, species of bioobject is shown.     

高效液相色谱法检测肝组织中马钱子碱和士的宁

目的建立生物检材中马钱子碱和士的宁的检测方法。方法以甲醇为萃取液,选用HypersilODSC18柱(1.5m×4.6mm×5μm)为色谱柱,同样填料的30μm短柱作预柱,以甲醇∶水∶二乙胺(55∶45∶1)为流动相,检测波长254nm,应用HPLC法对肝组织中马钱子碱和士的宁进行检测。结果建立起高效液相色谱法检测肝组织中马钱子碱和士的宁的方法,方法线性良好(r=0.9999),回收率较高(>86.85%),精密度较好(RSD<7.3%)。结论该方法可望用于生物材料中的马钱子碱和士的宁的检测。     

3种甲醛固定组织DNA提取方法的比较

目的对不同方法提取甲醛固定组织中DNA的效果进行比较,寻找一种操作简便、经济实用、质量较高的DNA提取方法。方法取甲醛固定的心肌组织14份,分别以改良酚-氯仿法,改良Trizol法,试剂盒法提取DNA,进行紫外分光光度计测定OD260/OD280值后,经PCR扩增,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析确定提取的DNA质量。结果改良酚-氯仿法,改良Trizol法,试剂盒法OD260/OD280比值分别为1.841 5±0.380 4、1.370 5±0.336 7、0.831 6±0.175 0。两两比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。3种不同方法提取DNA含量分别为0.943 8±0.530 1、0.707 5±0.423 6、0.342 8±0.182 5。PCR扩增后琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示以改良酚-氯仿法所提DNA的谱带清晰度好于其它两种方法。结论改良酚-氯仿法简便有效,所用试剂价格低廉,是一种经济实用的甲醛固定组织DNA提取方法。     

Enzyme immunochemical detection of the use of hashish and confirmation by thin-layer chromatography

The EMIT cannabinoid assay was used for screening blood and urine after smoking tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 10 mg) or ingestion of THC (30 mg). Cannabinoid levels in urine remain detectable up to 1 week. Confirmation was done by adsorption of the THC carboxylic acid onto a C18 extraction column and elution with acetone and TLC. The method is simple and sensitive and is applicable with common laboratory equipment. The detection limit is 10 ng/ml, using 10 ml urine.     

福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织3种DNA提取方法比较

目的探讨经福尔马林固定1d石蜡包埋组织(FFPET)提取DNA的简易有效方法。方法比较水浴加热、微波加热和二甲苯脱蜡的效果。组织脱蜡后分别采用Chelex-100+层析柱纯化法、DNA IQTM试剂盒磁珠提取法和Chelex-100+磁珠纯化法提取DNA;实时荧光定量PCR技术定量DNA;荧光标记毛细管电泳技术进行STR分型。结果二甲苯脱蜡的效果好于其他两种加热的脱蜡方法(P<0.05)。Chelex-100+层析柱纯化所获得的DNA量显著高于其他两种方法(P<0.05)。结论二甲苯脱蜡、Chelex-100+层析柱纯化法是一种简单、有效的FFPET处理方法。     

The dynamic postmortem changes of the nucleoproteins in the tissues of the liver and eye

Postmortal changes in nucleoproteins were examined in the hepatocytes and anterior corneal and crystalline lenticular epithelial cells from 106 cadavers within 48 h after death by microfluorometry. Cryostat tissue sections were stained by acridine yellow by the method of R. Rigler (1966). The author found a natural decrease in fluorescence intensity of the examined tissue cellular nuclei at 530 nm within 4-24 h. and an increase in their fluorescence intensity at 640 nm within 4-48 h. after death. Data obtained may be used to establish the time of death.     

Detection of benzodiazepines in different tissues, including bone, using a quantitative ELISA assay.

Benzodiazepines were analyzed in different tissue samples, including hone, by ELISA. The sensitivity of detection for different benzodiazepines was consistent with the manufacturer's reports of the cross reactivities of the antibodies used, with the greatest sensitivity for midazolam and the least for diazepam; in addition the pharmacokinetics was consistent with the known duration of action of the different benzodiazepines, with midazolam cleared rapidly, and diazepam slowly. Following intramuscular injection of 300 microg of midazolam at 16 h intervals for ten days, the drug was detectable in bone tissue samples obtained from skeletonized remains buried in soil at room temperature for three weeks.