美国石油危机应对机制

美国石油危机应对机制既是20世纪70年代石油危机的直接产物，也是美国漫长的石油工业发展史中种种维护石油安全的手段在特定历史条件和国际政治背景下系统化、机制化的必然产物。经过30余年的发展，此机制已经相对成熟和完整，日益成为美国应对可能发生的石油危机、维护能源安全的有效防线和国家安全的重要保障。     

A Pragmatic Response to an Unexpected Constraint: Problem Representation in a Complex Humanitarian Emergency

This paper elaborates a model of problem representation first presented by Billings and Hermann (1998) . The foreign policy process begins when decision-makers specify policy goals and identify relevant constraints in response to a perceived problem. Although this initial problem representation often sets the course for subsequent policy, unanticipated constraints can arise that catch decision makers off-guard. Finding themselves in a context they did not anticipate to be in, decision makers may choose to alter their representation of the problem and/or change the course of policy. Billings and Hermann offer one piece of this puzzle by examining how decision makers re-represent problems; this paper provides the second piece by assessing how policies, not representations, change in response to new constraints. A case study of the U.S. response to the Ethiopian famine in the mid 1980s demonstrates that policy does not always follow problem representation.     

The Humanitarian Factors: An ICRC Perspective

More than ten years have passed since the beginning of the Global War on Terror and the consequent launch of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.Today,at the dawn of intemational forces' withdrawal,some substantive improvements are recorded in the field of infrastructure,power,communication,and education.The question is whether this relative progress is sustainable and whether the Afghan population will get the help it will actually need in an unpredictable,but a priori extremely difficult,future.     

金融危机治理：以次贷危机引发的全球金融危机为例——中国角色的思考与探析

美国次贷危机引发的全球金融危机对世界各国影响巨大。鉴于此,对金融危机进行有效治理显得尤为重要。作为发展中大国的中国,更有责任对其进行认真研究,探寻危机治理的合理且有效的策略和方式,以此为其他国家应对和治理危机提供经验借鉴和策略支持,从而展现自身价值和角色作用。     

The Strategic Response to Ambiguity

Two different forms of ambiguity have been hallmarks of several major conflicts over the past two decades: tactical and political. These two forms of ambiguity interact differently with strategy. The first interferes with the internal logic of strategy itself, whereas the second inhibits the political choice in favor of practicing strategy, but does not inhibit strategy itself. The strategic response to political ambiguity is military force, which still works in such contexts. Any inhibitions against strategy in a politically ambiguous context are political, rather than strategic. Yet, even political objections can be minimized by relying on the West's own ambiguous forces to respond to a Russian ambiguous invasion.     

金融危机下的全球金融监管反思

本次金融危机给全球经济带来了动荡。其原因有很多,其中金融监管不利是重要的原因之一。本文从金融监管的概念和模式入手,从金融监管角度来透析金融危机爆发的原因,同时对金融监管未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

The Effects and Limitations of Humanitarian Intervention from the Perspective of the No-fly Zone Practice

正In April 1991 and August 1992,with their victories in the Gulf War,the United States,the United Kingdom,and France set up thesafe areato protect the Kurdish people,and theno-fly zoneto