环境侵权民事诉讼举证责任分配之比较研究

在环境侵权民事诉讼中,举证责任分配的合理与否关系到环境法目的的实现和环境诉讼程序价值的发挥.但传统举证责任分配理论对环境诉讼而言具有不适应性.因此,两大法系对环境诉讼都发展了举证责任分配理论.通过比较考察发现,环境诉讼的举证责任分配应当按照公平正义原则,结合环境诉讼的特点,从举证难易程度、环境立法宗旨、平等保护和环境侵权纠纷的多样性等因素来综合衡量.相比之下,我国环境案件举证责任分配的慕本规则还存在诸多缺陷,因此应规定较为开放的举证责任分配制度原则.     

Dutch Private International Law: The 2001 Act Regarding Conflict of Laws on Torts

Netherlands International Law Review -     

The Labor Reform Act of 1977: a detailed analysis.

As a former General Counsel of the NLRB, Peter Nash enjoyed a vantage point from which to observe the procedures of the Board and evaluate how the provisions of the NLRA itself operated. Nou in private practice, he has made a detailed analysis of the labor reform legislation pending in Congress and strongly supported by organized labor. Writing from management's point of view, Mr. Nash concludes that the bills now pending are designed solely to assist unions in their organizing efforts; will not expedite the processing of Board cases; and contain harsh, unfair, and unnecessary deterrent remedies against employers.     

大规模侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的适用

大规模侵权案件的频繁发生,对我国《侵权责任法》的损害赔偿制度提出了挑战.大规模侵权不仅造成了众多受害人人身、财产方面的损失,而且危害了社会的整体利益.现有的补偿性损害赔偿制度在惩罚、预防侵权行为和填补社会整体利益损害方面存在一定的局限性,惩罚性赔偿制度的适用可以弥补补偿性赔偿的不足.在大规模侵权中适用惩罚性赔偿制度,体现了民法本位的基本理论和侵权责任法的立法目标,加强了对民事权利的保护.在确定赔偿数额时,要在建立一般的比例原则基础上,赋予法官一定的自由裁量权;并且应该坚持国家与受害人按比例分享惩罚性赔偿的原则.     

Driving with the Handbrake On: Competition Class Actions under the Consumer Rights Act 2015

This paper examines the new class action procedure for competition cases established by the Consumer Rights Act 2015. It examines whether the legislation and the procedural rules for the Competition Appeal Tribunal address the failures of previous procedures, focusing on three issues in particular i) the treatment of conflicting interests amongst class members ii) the rules on certifying collective proceedings; and iii) rules on funding. It argues that while the Act is a considerable improvement on what preceded it, the safeguards adopted will act as a drag on meritorious and unmeritorious claims alike, and as such there is likely to be continued under‐enforcement of competition law.     

美国妨害法在环境侵权救济中的运用和发展

环境侵权救济 ,特别是环境侵害的排除 ,关涉受害人保护和产业发展的平衡。从美国传统妨害法在环境侵权救济中的运用和发展来分析 ,其维护环境正义与经济发展双重目标的有关理论和制度值得我国环境立法和环境司法实践参考和借鉴。     

论"质、剂、契、券"不等于法律行为--对民事法律行为本质合法说质疑之四

将中国古代的"质、剂、契、券"直接说成法律行为,意在为法律行为本质合法说张目,但通过对两者演进历史、概念对象以及各自功能的剖析,即知法律行为以公、私法划分为发生前提,以弘扬个人自由主义为文化底蕴和根本目的.而"质、剂、契、券",既有染于中国国家形成的"酋邦模式",又一直系军事、政治、礼制、律例的共有性术语,既曾指以"合券为证"为特征的官方具造文牒,又承担着敛财与推行严密监控的专政功能,表明两者始终都是一种绝对对立的关系.     

论《刑法修正案(七)》第13条的法律适用

本文运用刑法的基本原理,并紧密结合近年来惩治贿赂犯罪的司法实践,对刑法修正案(七)第13条规定的关系人受贿罪进行解读,从罪名选择、犯罪构成要件、与受贿罪的界分等方面,提出了适用这个新规定的基本思路。