Promoting Stability for Youth Returning from Residential Care: Attorney Perspectives

Aftercare services have been suggested to improve reintegration for youth departing residential care programs. The purpose of this study was to collect views from legal professionals about the challenges youth and families face during reintegration and solutions to improve stability. Views were collected from 14 legal professionals (e.g., guardian ad litem, legal counsel) through a survey and 90‐minute nominal group technique focus group. Results indicated parent expectations about re‐entry and lack of services, supports and resources were challenges. Solutions suggested by participants included family, mental health and educational supports, and transition planning. Study limitations and future implications are discussed.     

试论主体性教育的联系生活策略

教育源于生活,教育与生活密切联系。教育教学活动与师生的现实生活相联系、相贴近,对学生知识的掌握、情感的培养、创造性思维发展以及主体性的全面生成有着重要的价值,生活认识论、德国化教育学以及教育史上的相关理论都为此提供了坚实的理论依据,发展和培养学生的主体性,要采取与师生的日常现实生活相联邦缃贴近的教学策略。     

比较按揭法律制度

近年来,在我国房地产业发展的过程中,引入了香港地区的商品房预售按揭贷款制度我国引入后的按揭制度与香港按揭制度因法律制度的根本不同而存在区别,应将其界定为以一般债权为标的物的权利质押的方式,并将其与抵押、让与担保等相关法津制度进行区别,进一步完善我国的在建工程权利质押制度     

Patients’ views of the quality of Danish forensic psychiatric inpatient care

The present study describes the quality of psychiatric care among forensic inpatients in Denmark who answered the Danish version of the Quality in Psychiatric Care–Forensic In-Patient (QPC–FIP) instrument. A sample of 143 patients (response rate 53%) from 25 of the 27 specialized forensic units in Denmark participated in the study. The patients’ ratings of the quality of care were generally high. The highest rating was found for the quality of the secluded environment and the lowest for patient participation in the care. The results showed that several factors influenced the patients’ ratings. Women rated the quality of care lower in comparison to men. Patients living together with someone before admission, patients with a lower level of education, and patients who were better informed regarding their diagnosis, who was the responsible physician, and where to complain rated the quality of care higher. We can recommend the use of the Danish version of the QPC–FIP instrument for measuring and improving the quality of care in forensic inpatient care.     

经济犯罪的规范解释

在经济犯罪的规范解释中,应当注重对经济犯罪规范进行刑法价值上的独立判断。当某种经济不法行为不具有经济犯罪规范所指向的特定的社会危害性而刑法条文在字面上又能够将该种行为包含在其中时,规范的实质内容应当优先,对该种行为要从实质上进行理解,而不应从形式上理解。当值得处罚的经济不法行为在实质上具有某个刑法规范所禁止的性质、但刑法用语在形式上对其无法予以包含的,亦应当从实质上解释经济犯罪规范。由于经济犯罪规范数量众多,法条大小系统庞杂,所以在经济犯罪规范解释中应当特别关注构成要件的体系解释。     

变更罪名实证研究

以最高法院示范性案例中的全部变更罪名案例为样本进行实证研究,可以发现其中存在几对实然关系。变更罪名未必都有失公正也不必然体现实体公正,择轻变更未必都有利于被告,合法的变更未必是合理的变更,变更罪名给法律适用带来的不确定性根植于现行法律和法理之中。对其进行法律解释学和犯罪定义学分析,将有助于对变更罪名现象的解读和限制。     

食品监管渎职罪的若干疑难问题解析

食品监管渎职罪是《刑法修正案（八）》新增的一个渎职罪。从立法规定看,本罪的实行行为表现为滥用职权行为或者玩忽职守行为。作为本罪的构成要件,发生重大食品安全事故或者造成其他严重后果是本罪的渎职结果,其与行为人的渎职行为具有刑法上的因果关系是行为人承担本罪刑事责任的客观根据。尽管立法没有对本罪的主观罪过形式作出明确规定,但其并不是复合罪过形式,仍然是单一罪过形式,因此,在具体处理案件时,应结合其实行行为来确定行为人的罪过形式。     

论雇主的保护照顾义务

雇主的保护照顾义务在我国学界未受到足够的重视,世界各国对其性质也有不同的认识,本文在梳理其各种认识的同时,分析了赋予雇主保护照顾义务的法理依据,阐述了雇主保护照顾义务的内容及违反义务的损害赔偿责任。     

新形势下培训教育探究

新形势对培训教育提出了新要求。如何保证培训教育质量，充分体现以人为本，以需求为导向，按需施教等教育理念，不仅需要更新观念，注重培训实效，科学设计培训内容，而且需要强化培训教育体系，提高教师队伍素质，建立培训质量评估机制。     

Broken Windows or Window Breakers: The Influence of Physical and Social Disorder on Quality of Life

The relationship between neighborhood disorder and fear of crime is well established. According to Wilson and Kelling's broken windows theory, physical and social disorder lead to fear and cause citizens to retreat into their homes. This breaks down informal social control mechanisms and may lead to more serious crime. Insofar as fear is related to quality of life, an implication of broken windows theory is that disorder may impact quality of life, but that relationship has not yet been examined in the research literature. The present study seeks to fill a void in the literature by investigating the relationship between neighborhood disorder and quality of life. Results indicate that disorder is related to quality of life. In particular, physical disorder is negatively associated with quality of life, but social disorder loses significance when controlling for physical disorder. Policy implications of the findings and direction for future research are discussed.     

中国汉族6～18周岁人群下颌恒牙钙化的性别差异研究

目的通过对中国汉族男女6～18周岁人群全口曲面断层影像上所显示的下颌左侧牙齿钙化程度进行比较研究,探究牙齿生长发育的性别差异,为建立用牙齿推断中国汉族儿童及青少年年龄的线性回归模型提供理论依据。方法通过对13491张(男6568张,女6923张)中国汉族6～18周岁儿童及青少年全口曲面断层影像的牙齿钙化规律进行研究,建立牙齿钙化的分级标准,并对下颌恒牙进行分级评分;数据用SPSS 13.0软件处理。结果非参数检验结果显示大部分年龄组下颌左侧8颗恒牙钙化分级值性别间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);在8颗恒牙发育程度同等条件下,女性年龄比男性小0.303岁。结论中国汉族6～18周岁人群牙齿发育存在着性别差异;在利用牙齿钙化程度建立推断中国汉族儿童及青少年年龄的方程模型时,应分性别建模。     

CAN SELF‐CONTROL CHANGE SUBSTANTIALLY OVER TIME? RETHINKING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF‐ AND SOCIAL CONTROL*

The primary goals of this study were to test the long‐term stability thesis of Gottfredson and Hirschi's (1990) general theory of crime and to examine the relationship between self‐control and social control over time. The data come from a field experiment where the “treatment” consisted of an intentional effort to improve the childrearing behaviors of a sample of caregivers whose children were at high risk of criminal behavior. Caregivers in the control condition were given no such training. The intervention occurred when all subjects were in the first grade (mean age: 6.2 years old), and we have measurements on self‐control and the social control/bond for each subject from grades 6 to 11 (mean ages: 12 to 17 years old). Both a hierarchical linear model and a second‐order latent growth model identified meaningful differences in the growth pattern of self‐control among individuals in the pooled sample and a difference in the growth parameters for self‐control and the social control/bond over time between the treatment and control groups. Both findings are inconsistent with Gottfredson and Hirschi's stability of self‐control hypothesis. The same patterns persisted when different analytic techniques and model specifications were applied, which suggests that the results are not an artifact of measurement error, model specification, or statistical methods. Structural equation modeling using the panel design of the data was better able to disentangle the long‐term relationship between self‐ and social control—a relationship that was found to be more dynamic than previously hypothesized.     

我国现行强制戒毒制度研究

我国法律规定吸毒违法,吸毒必戒。我国的禁吸戒毒采取以强制戒毒为主,其他戒毒模式为辅的模式。从20世纪80年代中期至今的20多年,我国的强制戒毒制度在挽救吸毒人员,消除毒品的社会危害等方面发挥了重要作用,但面对毒品形势依然严峻和高复吸率的现状,强制戒毒制度面临诸多难题,如强制戒毒法律滞后,制度本身缺陷等,需要完善,如整合戒毒资源,提高管理水平,采用科学戒毒手段等。     

生产、销售伪劣商品犯罪若干问题研究

生产、销售伪劣商品罪的犯罪客体是国家对商品质量的管理秩序以及不特定的人的人身安全;犯罪对象是伪劣商品。行为方式只能是作为;犯罪形态有四种;销售金额既指实际销售出去的产品金额,亦包括尚未销售而可能销售出去的产品金额。罪过心理既可以是直接故意,也可以是间接故意。在某些情况下有既、未遂之分。应当注意本类罪的罪数问题。     

论情势变更的界定及其立法思考

首先从诸学者有关情势变更的界说中综合出情势变更的本质定义。从我国目前的立法现状来看,情势变更宜定位在“制度”的层面上。该制度赖以构筑的理论基础是诚实信用原则。就情势变更的适用条件、效力和法定事由等方面提出构建该项法律制度的尝试性建议。