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Niagalé Bagayoko 《Canadian journal of African studies》2019,53(3):463-468
RÉSUMÉLes obstacles rencontrés dans la mise en ?uvre du processus de Réforme du système de sécurité (RSS), engagé au Mali à la suite de la crise de 2012 par les autorités maliennes, massivement soutenues par les partenaires internationaux, ne sauraient être considérés comme d’ordre purement opérationnel. En réalité, un certain nombre de ces freins proviennent de la difficulté à prendre en considération, d’un point de vue conceptuel aussi bien que stratégique, les dynamiques sécuritaires actuellement à l’?uvre dans le pays et plus largement dans l’espace saharo-sahélien (voire sur la scène internationale). Dynamiques dont la nature influe pourtant structurellement sur les missions présentes et à venir des différentes forces de défense et de sécurité. 相似文献
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Melchisedek Chétima 《Canadian journal of African studies》2020,54(2):215-227
RÉSUMÉ Ce numéro spécial s’intéresse à l’insurrection de Boko Haram dans les pays du bassin tchadien en se concentrant essentiellement sur les dynamiques locales, d’une part, en regardant au-delà de la perspective sensationnaliste et à court terme des médias, et d’autre part, en explorant des thèmes qui transcendent le temps et les frontières disciplinaires. Notre postulat de base est que la lecture des actions de Boko Haram à travers le prisme des termes aujourd’hui à la mode tels que “terroristes” ou “djihadistes,” ne peut offrir qu’une perspective limitée du phénomène. Plutôt qu’un modèle superficiel dérivé de la pensée de la “guerre contre le terrorisme,” les approches développées par les auteurs de ce dossier thématique se concentrent non seulement sur les facteurs religieux, mais aussi sur la violence de l’État et les facteurs sociaux, politiques et économiques qui soutiennent l’adhésion à l’insurrection, ce qui présente un parallèle avec les “bandits sociaux.” 相似文献
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Mamadou Diawara 《Canadian journal of African studies》2013,47(3):445-461
One asks oneself vigorously about the conditions of the construction of knowledge relative to the African continent as well as to its way of thinking. The influence of V.Y. Mudimbe in this regard is immense. The major categories of anthropology are examined, even called into question, and most notably the ethnic groups. As pertinent as they may be, these analyses return to the library and to the system of representation that the continent invents and raise it to a paradigm of difference par excellence. It is important, beyond the scholarly discourse, to take a look at the relationship of ordinary people with libraries. Broadcasters, for example, comment candidly on the work of one artist-musician or another. Appropriation implies the related right: “droit d'auteur(e)”, copyright or “Urheberrecht”. Anyone who fails to comply becomes a pirate. What, therefore, is the meaning of to modernise the author, the work, the copyright or the pirate not in language inherited from Western law but in that of the citizen or the average villager? 相似文献
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Ghislaine Lydon 《Canadian journal of African studies》2013,47(2):289-307
Selon les archives du tribunalmusulman de Saint-Louis du Sénégal, fondé en 1857, cet article s’intéresse au cas des femmes qui étaient les plus nombreuses à recourir à la médiation des juges musulmans au sein de cette institution judiciaire. A partir d’une analyse des droits de la femme en matière de divorce, nous examinons l’application du droit islamique au sein du Tribunal Musulman. Nous nous interrogerons tout particulièrement sur la politique judiciairemusulmane des cadis de Ndar en ce qui concerne le code familial et les droits de la femme. Mais, en premier lieu, nous abordons les péripéties du TribunalMusulman, qui fut la toute première institution judiciaire publique en Afrique de l’ouest francophone. 相似文献
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Rémy Bazenguissa-Ganga 《Canadian journal of African studies》2013,47(2-3):329-361
In his recently published studies, the author analyzed the development and use of militia groups in the political conflicts that shook Congo-Brazzaville in the 1990s. After briefly reviewing these events, he points up the change in recruiting militiamen that occurred in the last phase of these conflicts. His text is primarily concerned with the role of Western mass culture in shaping the bodies and identities of these militiamen and the militiamen’s sense of identity. From the late 1950s (here the author draws on the research of Georges Balandier) to the late 1990s, the young men of Brazzaville were inspired in constructing a modernity of their own bodies by certain Western action films. The graphic violence in these films, perpetrated by characters whom the young men adopted as their heroes, legitimated their own use of violence. 相似文献
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Mahamadou Abdourahamani 《Canadian journal of African studies》2020,54(2):265-280
RÉSUMÉ La crise sécuritaire qui sévit actuellement dans la région de Diffa (Niger) et singulièrement dans le bassin du lac Tchad, du fait de l’insécurité causée par les islamistes de Boko Haram, a bouleversé les activités pastorales et perturbé les mobilités des éleveurs au sein de cette partie du Niger. À partir des données in situ collectées auprès des éleveurs sur la base d’une méthodologie d’enquêtes terrain dans une zone où l’accès est physiquement difficile, cet article met en lien des trajectoires historiques sur la longue durée et les vécus quotidiens des pasteurs et agro-pasteurs de la rive nigérienne du lac Tchad dans cette situation d’insécurité inédite liée à Boko Haram. Nous verrons notamment comment cette insécurité a engendré des dysfonctionnements sur certains systèmes pastoraux, a exacerbé les tensions intercommunautaires sur fond d’anciens clivages ethniques et a ravivé les revendications territoriales entre groupes pour le contrôle des zones pastorales et l’affirmation identitaire. 相似文献
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Ismaila Kane 《Canadian journal of African studies》2016,50(1):65-86
AbstractThe Catholic Church occupies a privileged position in the religious arena in Burkina Faso. Having invested very early in the public arena of the country, it constitutes a vital actor in the socio-political landscape of the country as attested to by its involvement in the domains of education and health and its positioning as mediator in times of crisis. Based on a field survey conducted among members of the Catholic community (members of the clergy, religious and lay), this article studies the manner in which Catholics in Burkina Faso portray themselves as a religious community in the country’s political arena. It reveals that in Burkina Faso the Catholics portray themselves as a dominant religious minority in terms of politics due to their disproportionate engagement in the apparatus of the state. The article also shows that the Catholics in Burkina Faso see their dominant position as under threat, on the one hand, from competition by the Protestants and, on the other, by the rise of Islamism. 相似文献
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Katrin Wittig 《Canadian journal of African studies》2017,51(1):1-22
In recent years, research on land conflicts in war-affected countries has seen a significant increase in the literature on conflict resolution. Land grabbing coupled with the return and repatriation of thousands of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) after the end of civil wars constitute major challenges for peace and reconciliation in many African countries. Drawing on a case study of Burundi, one of Africa’s most densely populated countries, this article analyses the complex issues related to land conflicts. Burundi is currently facing thousands of land disputes following the return of refugees and IDPs stemming from the different politico-ethnic crises that this Great Lakes country has endured since independence. The current instrumentalization of the land issue by political entrepreneurs highlights the risks for the fragile peace and reconciliation process that Burundi has known in recent years if the land conflicts are not addressed in a sensitive and equitable manner. 相似文献
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Adrienne Vanvyve 《Canadian journal of African studies》2016,50(1):29-44
AbstractWhilst religious radicalism is at the heart of media and scientific preoccupations, this study shows that, in Burkina Faso, Muslim authority has experienced a steady regression in the urban environment of Ouagadougou. On the basis of interviews conducted with young Muslims at the University of Ouagadougou, the article proposes a reflection on the factors that are causing such an erosion of authority. If the spiritual dimension of this authority is not being called into question, the temporal dimension is undergoing a process of de-legitimisation, which is increasing in line with the interpenetration of the religious and political spheres as well as the discrediting of the semi-authoritarian regime of Blaise Compaoré. In addition to highlighting the fragmentation of the sectors of authority, the study allows for better identification of the position of youths (“cadets sociaux”) in the religious field. 相似文献
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Eglė Kesylytė-Alliks 《Nationalities Papers》2017,45(1):80-95
This article analyzes discursive representations of Lithuania and of Belarus as Lithuania’s “Other” in the context of the recent political crisis in Ukraine. Focusing on the media discourse of Lithuanian intellectuals regarding the historical Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) and its legacy, it examines how Belarus and its role vis-à-vis Lithuania have been depicted. The analysis is informed by the discourse-historical approach within critical discourse analysis, using thematic content and argumentation schemes for studying the images ascribed to the GDL, Belarus, and Lithuania in the selected texts. Focus in the discourse of intellectuals on the GDL as a historical homeland is found to shift from history as a scholarly endeavor to the politics of history and the uses of the past in today’s political projects. Belarus and the GDL emerge as topics not only historically and politically salient but also potentially dangerous for Lithuania within the setting of the events in Ukraine. 相似文献
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Roderick J. McIntosh 《Canadian journal of African studies》2013,47(2-3):374-383
By inviting archaeologists to collaborate in the revision of his beloved Ancient Ghana and Mali, Nehemia Levtzion confronted the oft-assumed, yet-rarely tested asymmetry in explanatory power between documentary history and archaeology. Others have treated prehistorians as, at best, handmaidens and, at worse, scientific parvenus. Levtzion explicitly rejected several assumptions that render many histories of pre-colonial Africa uninteresting to prehistorians: (1) that that the data of archaeology provide, at best, background and context, (2) that the hierarchical state is the only viable integrative structure when peoples become stratified economically or politically, and (3) that culture change in Africa simply replicates patterns already known from elsewhere, and no others. Levtzion enlisted a plural force of specialists, a “Band of Brothers,” to continue his Good Fight against those who would distain Africa’s accomplishments. 相似文献