论精神障碍者民事行为能力评定分级

民事行为能力评定案例逐年增多，相关研究却相对匮乏。然而司法人员和司法精神病学鉴定人员对精神病人的民事行为能力研究甚少。存在着相当多的概念的混乱与分歧。本文首先介绍了民事行为能力的诸多定义。并简要分析了民事行为能力与诉讼能力的异同：然后详细介绍了当前司法精神病鉴定中民事行为能力分级分歧：最后从法律依据。实践运用及现实意义三个方面对民事行为能力三级评定进行了论证。     

我国刑事审级制度的反思

长期以来,我国一直坚持的是两审终审与死刑复核相结合的刑事审级制度.但随着我国社会生活的飞速发展,这一审级制度已经在实践中暴露出了越来越多的缺陷.因此,对我国的刑事审级制度有必要从理论上进行反思,并借鉴其他国家的成熟经验对其进行改造,最终确立三审终审的刑事审级制度.     

重构我国民事诉讼审级制度的探讨

审级制度是民事诉讼的基本制度,是民事诉讼法的重要内容。它是指按照法律的规定,一个民事案件需要经过几个不同级别的法院审理,裁判才产生既判力的制度。由于民事诉讼本身的特点,基于民事诉讼的基本理念和所追求的目标,民事诉讼所设立的审级制度应当是多层次的,即以两审终审制为基础,以有条件的一审终审制和三审终审制为其必要的补充。换句话说,将有条件的一审终审制和三审终审制与基本的两审终审制相结合共同构成我国的审级制度。     

Certain Aspects of the Legal Consciousness of Students in the Higher Grades

The cultivation of a socialist legal consciousness has been elevated in our country to a goal for the people and state as a whole. In the decisions of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet, and the USSR Council of Ministers on intensifying the struggle against crime (July 1966), it was proposed that the prevailing legislation, the rights and duties of citizens, and the role and significance of agencies of the courts, the procuracy, and the militia be explained systematically and purposefully.     

Medical Legal Dispute in Hospitals of Different Grades: A Retrospective Study on 206 Cases

Objective To analyze the characteristics of medical malpractice from different grades of hos- pitals and to explore forensic investigation strategies in assessing medical dispute. Methods A total of 206 cases of medical dispute from 2009 to 2010 investigated by the Department of Forensic Medicine in Nanjing Medical University were selected and analyzed according to fault incidence, fault-prone part, and degree of causality in the treatment. Results Among the 206 cases analyzed, tertiary hospitals, sec- ondary hospitals and primary hospitals showed medium, high and low error rate, respectively. A majority of medical malpractice cases were distributed in the departments of surgery, medicine and gynecology. Conclusion The frequency and severity of medical malpractice in primary hospitals were high, which were gradually reduced in tertiary and secondary hospitals.     

我国各级法院的职能定位与审级制度的重构

目前,我国的法院在设置上分为四种级别,完全与行政区划相联系,即在(区)县一级设置相应的基层法院,在(地)市一级设置中级法院,在(直辖市、自治区)省一级设置高级法院,在中央一级设置最高法院。实践证明,这种将行政区划与以级别管辖和地域管辖为基础的司法管辖完全对应的模式,对于维护司法的公正与效率,既有有利的一面,又有不利的一面。为了趋利避害,应当以司法(管辖)区的概念为基点,对现行的司法管辖制度进行必要的改革与完善,主要应基于这样几种价值标准作为判断的依据:其一,有利于维护司法的独立性;其二,有利于弱化和消除司法的地方化倾向;…     

Two concepts of desert

In the first section I briefly consider some stituations in which standard desert-claims would be disputed, with the aim of revealing why and by whom they are asserted or denied. Having attained some understanding of the point of different desert-statements, I propose an accound of their content that entails the thesis that statements of positive desert (deserving something desirable) sharply differ in meaning from statements of negative desert (deserving something undesirable), even when expressed in the same form. In the second section I use this ambiguity thesis to argue against an appealing way of defending Hegel's claim that a wrongdoer has a right to be punished and against Kant's defense of the view that there is a duty to punish those who deserve it. I also show how an understanding of negative desert that recognizes the ambiguity thesis enables us to defend the ordinary view of mercy against Kantian criticisms and to reject the popular misconception that mercy is necessarily at odds with justice. In the third section I use the ambiguity thesis to rebut the common claim (found in Mill and Aristotle, among others) that it is unjust for a person to have or be given mone benefits than she deserves. I conclude by showing how an understanding of positive desert that recognizes the ambiguity thesis leads to a rejection both of certain complaints against traditional systems of private property and also of certain moralistic scruples that might give pause to those who acknowledge the moral duty to assist the needy.     

哈耶克的两条路——阅读《规则·秩序·无知》

从相连于哈耶克重要问题的《法律、立法与自由》一书,可以获知哈耶克的“法律、立法与自由”研究中隐含着两条截然不同的分析路径一是在试图教导立法一脉理论主张下的研究,二是经由引介其知识观所主张的重构发现法律一脉的阐释。在邓正来的论文集《规则·秩序·无知》一书中,论及哈耶克问题的解释路向大体上是基于教导立法这一脉理论来的。因此,另一条可能性的哈耶克解释路径就能从重构发现法律这一脉理论的路线开始。     

Introduction Volume Two

Liverpool Law Review -     

Two Models of Criminal Fault

Criminal Law and Philosophy - I discuss two problems for the standard Anglo-American account of recklessness, and the distinctions between intention, recklessness, and negligence. One problem...     

A Tale of Two Presumptions

This article examines the use of presumptions of intent within the law of murder, and some of the problems of analysis to which they give rise. It is argued that much of the confusion in the modern law is caused by the failure of the courts to grasp the different functions of different kinds of presumption in the law of evidence, and that this has led to presumptions of a particular kind being used in the present context for a purpose for which they are not really suited. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Two cases of suicidal electrocution

Two cases of suicidal electrocution are presented: one using a household lamp, the other using a homemade electrocution machine. The mechanisms of death and the histologic changes in electrocution are discussed.     

两种经济法概念的分析与思辨

经济法概念是经济法基础理论的核心和关键。两种经济法概念———作为法律部门的经济法与作为制定法的经济法———存在着微妙而重要的区别。前者是同类法律规范的总称,在性质上应定位于“经济行政法”;后者具有法律规范构成上的异质性,不但在分类标准上不同于前者,而且在内容上与部门法意义上的经济法形成较大出入。作为部门法的经济法的建构在思维方式上体现和反映了大陆法系的特点,作为制定法的经济法则反映了英美法系的思维方式。     

Cape Fear– Two Versions and Two Visions Separated by Thirty Years

This essay examines the changes between 1962 and 1991 that occurred in the context within which the two very different versions of Cape Fear appeared. These two versions of the story of a threatened lawyer are emblematic of an altered perspective on law. The essay highlights the tension between art's role as a reflector of society and its values and its role shaping social views. The inference, from the different portrayals of Sam Bowden, that there has been a systematic decline in the lawyer's status and public esteem is not, however, borne out in the cinematic field. The situation has become one of moral ambiguity with the lawyer playing a more ambivalent role in society.