文化现代化的涵义及特征初论

文化现代化特指狭义文化意义上的现代化 ,主要体现在上层建筑和精神领域内 ,是与经济现代化并列的一个范畴。文化的现代化指其在内容与形式上都极为丰富并表现出创新的震撼力 ;在道德伦理层面体现出人类理性的高度发展水平 ,代表人类最优秀、最美好的感情和心理取向 ;在观念形态上 ,是合理性、现实性与前瞻性的结合。从它的历史和趋势看 ,文化现代化具有目标上的模糊性、方式上的继承性、性质上的适应性和表现形式上的多元性四个特征。     

Social Support,Coping Strategies,and Psychosocial Adjustment to Cardiac Illness

In this paper, we apply a stress resistance perspective in considering psychosocial adjustment to chronic cardiac illness. We begin by reviewing major themes in the literature on psychosocial adjustment to cardiovascular illness, emphasizing a shift from a vulnerability to a stress resistance perspectivc. We then describe a program of research in a late-middle-aged sample of patients with cardiac illness, illustrating the adaptive advantages of social resources and effective coping strategies. Finally, we apply these findings in considering psychosocial intervention and assessment efforts in the context of cardiovascular rehabilitation. Overall, our findings demonstrate that social resources, in part through their role in fostering adaptive coping responses, can help to protect cardiac patients from depressive reactions.     

试论西部民族地区生态移民跨省安置与生态无人区的划定问题

生态移民是以保护环境和提高人民生活质量为目的的有计划、有目的的政府行为。它是一个意义深远的系统工程。生态移民工程不应成为某一地区或某些地区孤立实行的工程,对一个国家来讲,生态移民工作应该是一个整体性的工作,必须从社会公平和民族平等原则出发,对整个国家的整体角度统筹规划。搞好我国生态环境保护工作中生态移民的跨省安置和划定大片的无人区的问题应成为一个很重要的方面,本文对此提出了一些自己的看法。     

APPING THE GAME

In 1999,volunteers in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou in south China were told to walk into a bare room each to test if they could survive 72 hours inside without venturing out.The rooms contained just a bed,a roll of toilet paper,a sum of money in cash,an equal amount in digital currency and a dial-up Internetnet.     

Constitutional Environmental Rights: An Investigation and Analysis Based on Constitutional Texts of All Countries

Although the academic community still has some theoretical divergences on whether environmental rights should be a basic human right or a basic constitutional one, there are an increasing number of countries including this right in their constitution. Based on the constitutions in 193 countries, this paper aims to examine the fundamental situation of incorporating environmental rights into a constitution. It has been concluded that environmental protection as a right is written into a constitution in three aspects, namely, as a constitutional right, a civic duty, and a national policy, principle or social goal. Through summarizing these, this paper argues that including environmental rights in a country's constitution is the means by which all citizens shall enjoy a good, healthy, sustainable and harmonious environment suitable for their development, have timely and comprehensive access to reliable information about environment, participate in making public decisions related to the environment, and ask for legal remedies and compensation for any infringement on their environmental rights, or injury or damage to their environmental property. But even after environmental rights are incorporated into a constitution, there may be theoretical and practical difficulties in their implementation.     

Outline of the Construction of Chinese Human Rights Culture in the New Era

in the broadest sense, respecting and protecting human rights is a major achievement in the progress of human civilization. human rights culture is the most essential feature of human rights. from the perspective of the development of human civilization, human rights culture reflects a country's thinking and wisdom as well as its civilization level and represents a country's cultural soft power. Chinese human rights culture in the new era is a socialist human rights culture in a broad sense, a human rights culture in the new stage of development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a narrow sense, and an ideological spirit and moral strength of Chinese human rights culture in a certain historical period. at a new historical starting point, strengthening the construction of China's human rights culture in the new era and gathering the strength of China human rights culture have important practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for building China's human rights theory, developing advanced socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, consolidating the confidence in socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, building a country with a strong socialist culture, and enhancing China's cultural soft power.     

Silver-Hair Service

Innovative elderly care eases aging population's pressureon nursing homes Every day at 11 a.m.on the dot,Xiao Honglian receives a cheerful visitor.Since Xiao,a senior citizen living in Gulou,a district in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province in east China,broke her leg recently,the visitor,a paramedic from a nearby elderly care center,has been giving her physiotherapy for the broken leg so that she can be back on her feet faster.     

国家综合配套改革试验区的实践探索与发展趋势

近几年,为适应改革开放新形势的需要,国家推动了综合配套改革试验区建设,赋予其落实科学发展观、体制创新、探索新发展模式、提升区域竞争力以及建设和谐社会的历史使命。从目前已经推行综合配套改革的几个试点城市来看,改革方案的内容及举措均体现出鲜明的时代和区域特色,尤其是与以往经济特区模式相比具有较大的差异。在当前区域竞争日益激烈的情况下,能否利用自己的特色和优势,推进体制创新,掌握改革主动权,将决定一个城市或地区在未来竞争格局中的位置。获准设立国家综合配套改革试验区,对于一个城市或地区来说,无疑相当于获得一次体制创新、再创业和腾飞的机会。这也正是各地在申报建立国家综合配套改革试验区上竞争激烈的原因所在。     

被害人承诺的刑法意义

被害人的承诺有广义和狭义之分。广义的被害人承诺包括关系人的合意和被害人的同意,其中,关系人的合意是阻却构成要件该当性事由,而被害人的同意则是刑法中的正当化行为;狭义的被害人的承诺则仅指作为刑法中的正当化行为而存在的被害人的同意。由于关系人的合意中并无所谓被害人的存在,因而刑法理论中的被害人承诺,凡未作特别说明,一般专指狭义的被害人的承诺即被害人同意,而法益衡量理论,则为基于被害人承诺的行为的刑事正当性提供了有力的根据和说明。     

Asia at the Helm

As the global economy transforms from a developed country centric to a more developing-focused model in the post-crisis world,Asia is emerging as a new economic powerhouse.Its policy choices are important for the continent's own sake,and also for the global economy as a whole.Dominique Strauss-Kahn,Managing Director of the IMF,noted this shift in a recent speech in Shanghai.Edited excerpts follow:     

论刑事诉讼法修正案草案中发回重审制度之建构

刑事诉讼二审中的发回重审制度一直是人们争论不休的课题.新草案对二审中的发回重审仅仅提到了一点,即限制因事实不清证据不足而发回重审的次数.但这种蜻蜓点水式的修改依然不能令人满意,而且存在着理解上的歧义.文章比较分析了草案前后对发回重审的不同规定,并结合草案和现行刑诉法关于二审中发回重审的规定分析了发回重审存在的矛盾,最后借刑诉法修改之际提出了自己关于二审中发回重审的修改意见,希望新法能够对此进行明确合理地规定,让正义能够以看得见的方式实现     

A CLASS ACT

Closing the urban-rural education gap becomes a focus of school reform Gong Weiquan is the headmaster of a middle school in a village in Yunnan Province in southwest China. But last October, he was given a task。     

控制论视阈中的先进文化

作为特殊意识形态的自然科学技术,无论从社会演进的宏观动力机制看,还是从其微观动力机制看,都对社会发展具有决定性作用。社会意识形态虽然在宏观动力机制上处于从属的地位,但从微观动力机制上考察,对历史进程发展的迟速则具有决定性意义。     

Young adults and civic behavior: the psychosocial variables determining it

The present work has a two-fold aim: (a) to verify the difference in civic behavior enacted by socially engaged young people in a lasting and structured form, sealed by membership in an organization, on the one hand, and in non-engaged young people, on the other hand; (b) to identify a pattern of characteristics (personal, social, and familial) able to explain civic behavior. Participants, 577 young adults from ages 19 to 29, filled out a self-report questionnaire. The results of the t test for independent samples confirm the presence of the difference between means of scores on the civic behavior. Moreover, data confirm a model in which civic behavior is predicted by personal identity, engagement values, family discussion of current events, the quality of previous membership experiences in socially oriented groups (membership), and finally, in a mediator position, by sense of community. The present study has many implications for researchers and practitioners.     

中国公安工作基本规律刍论

在公安学理论中 ,“公安工作基本规律”是一个重要但一直“空缺”着的基本理论范畴。实际上 ,自从人民公安工作诞生以来 ,一条稳定的公安工作基本规律一直在发挥着普遍的支配作用 ,即 :在党和政府领导下 ,公安部门与广大群众结合起来 ,依靠科学、法律、道德维护社会治安秩序 ,同违法犯罪行为、治安事故作斗争 ,维护社会治安稳定 ,最大限度地满足国家、社会和人民不断发展和提高的治安需要。     

Moving Beyond Sovereignty? A brief consideration of recent changes in China's approach to international order and the emergence of the tianxia concept

This article examines recent trends in the evolution of elite Chinese foreign policy discussions about the normative organizing principles that should ground contemporary international politics. It finds that a pragmatic emphasis on sovereignty, albeit as a right which is flexible and far from sacrosanct, still maintains a core position within Chinese thinking in this regard. However, at the same time, a surprising reconstitution of an old world view has begun to take shape in China. More specifically, the tianxia (all-under-heaven) concept has emerged as a new reference point for some Chinese deliberations on the normative structure of international relations. While such a perspective is still of secondary importance within Chinese international relations circles, its emergence suggests that a potentially far-reaching, if still inchoate, reconsideration of international order is underway in China. Moreover, such a development may have broad ranging implications for the security dynamic that takes shape in Asia in the coming years.     

私人侦探的概念与历史

在研究“私人侦探”问题时 ,应注意区分文学作品中的私人侦探与现实中的私人侦探 ;国外私人侦探与中国当前的私人侦探 ;私人保安与私人侦探。私人侦探的定义应分为广义与狭义两种 :广义定义指世界范围内的私人侦探 ;狭义定义指我国现阶段的私人侦探。可以说 ,现代的私人侦探渊源于欧洲的自我警务传统。至今为止美国的私人保安业—广义上的私人侦探业是世界上发展较完备的、力量和规模较大的 ,影响力也较大。私人侦探在中国古代有着辉煌的历史。     

MARKET WATCH

Defending the Yuan Recent complaints from the United States about the Chinese yuan have escalated.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said China is an advocate of free trade and opposed the idea of taking aggressive measures to force another country's currency to either depreciate or appreciate.     

中国国家现代化历程与中华民族的觉醒

民族的觉醒也就是近现代民族意识的形成 ,它是一个民族从自在走向自为的关键 ,是在一定的经济和历史条件下 ,与国家体制的现代化、近现代国民的形成紧密相关的历史进程。其核心内容为对建立主权独立完整和主权在民的近现代国家 (单一民族国家或多民族国家 )这一历史使命的认识。现代民族意识觉醒具有大众性和实践性两个特征。 2 0 0 0多年统一的多民族的封建国家的历史造就了中华民族这一族际共同体 ,然而在“天下国家”专制君主体制下 ,中华民族只能以自在的方式存在。近代西方列强的入侵摧毁了中国的“天下国家”体系和观念 ,同时中国各族在团结御侮、救国救民的斗争中加强了对中华民族的认同。 2 0世纪初 ,中华民族开始其觉醒的历史进程 ,经历了三个阶段 ,至194 9年中华人民共和国的成立 ,最终完成了从自在到自为的转变。     

重思“法律信仰”

法律信仰在我国是一个充满争议的话题,其之所以如此在很大程度上是因为对法律信仰这个源自西方的命题不加审视地视其为真理而简单接受。笔者在考察伯尔曼法律信仰命题背后的问题意识的基础上,认为法律信仰是将二元论下两个根本有别的秩序体简单联合在一起的失败努力。同时,基于对引发法律信仰思考的问题意识的肯定和公民宗教问题的讨论中,笔者认为在一元论社会条件下应该提倡的是"法律信心"而非法律信仰。