论南非法律体系的混合特性

南非的法律体系具有混合性特征。除宪法、制定法、普通法外,习惯法也是南非重要的法律渊源。在公法领域,南非法主要受普通法系的影响,而私法领域则主要体现了罗马-荷兰法、习惯法的痕迹。在司法制度上,南非主要沿袭英国的做法。     

经济法与社会法关系初探

社会法作为寓于法律社会化过程中的公法与私法相融合的第三法域 ,在其发展到一定阶段 ,出现了作为经济领域法律社会化现象的经济法。因而 ,一方面 ,经济法具有广义社会法的基本属性 ;另一方面 ,经济法与狭义社会法之间 ,各自所对应的国家干预在范围、宗旨和手段上都不尽相同 ,但在经济与社会趋于一体化的现代市场经济体制中 ,需要完善其功能的配合。     

从民法与宪法关系的视角谈我国民法典制订的基本理念和制度架构

市民社会与政治国家的分野是公、私法划分的理论基础,也是处理宪法和民法关系的主要依据。公、私法划分的实质在于它划定了一个政治国家不能插手的市民社会领域,从而为市民社会构筑了一道防御外来侵犯的坚固屏障。宪法与民法的关系不是“母子”关系。民法不是宪法的实施细则。民法应当有自己的权利体系和确立原则。民法和宪法分别是调整私法领域和公法领域的基本法律制度。     

论民间规范司法适用的前提和场域

民间规范的司法适用,要坚持民间规范的活动性、可接受性、可诉性、对主体权利义务的分配性以及合理性等基本前提。民间规范的司法适用,同时也要符合基本的适用场域。这些场域分别是:在法律调整不能,从而需要运用事实替代方法时;在法律出现漏洞,从而需要法律发现方法时;在法律出现漏洞,从而需要法律续造方法时。     

论区域经济发展中的软法之治——以包容性发展为视角

软法之治是解决我国区域经济法制发展滞后问题的有效制度方案之一。区域经济发展中的软法在结构、功能与效力等方面有其自身的内在规律。在区域经济发展领域,软法与硬法之间所形成的制度包容性发展乃是区域经济包容性发展的题中之义。在法治语境下,区域经济软法在融入法治的过程中需要在价值取向上秉持善治的旨归,在实施依据上彰显制度的包容,在完善路径上顺应法治的嬗变。     

Subjectivity and Law's Fields of Enquiry*

Abstract. Despite some appearances to the contrary, a popular view in jurisprudence is that there is a limited domain which either constitutes the field of enquiry of law or at least delineates the arena from which a particular field of enquiry ought to be selected. This article argues that “law” is comprised of a number of fields of enquiry that may be and are selected subjectively. It is claimed that theories of law may be freed from the perceived need to provide authoritative justification for their field of enquiry, if the role of subjectivity is acknowledged appropriately.     

论我国民事诉讼行为制度的完善

民事诉讼法行为理论是构筑民事诉讼法学理论体系的基础理论之一。在近代民事诉讼法学理论中,公法关系与私法关系始终处于对立地位,在私法领域中占据重要地位的诚实信用原则,却不适合于民事诉讼法这一公法领域;随着法律社会化的演进,诚实信用原则逐渐深入公法领域,在民事诉讼行为制度中引入诚实信用原则,对于完善我国的民事诉讼行为制度具有重要意义。     

从利益本位入手看经济法独立部门法的地位

对于经济法的基本理论,法学界历来都存在较大的争论。本文旨在从利益本位出发,通过分析经济法与民法、行政法的区别与联系,研究经济法的本质特征,进而认识经济法在整个法律体系中独立的部门法地位,促进经济法这一新兴部门法的发展。     

LAW AND THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES: IS THERE ANY THERE THERE?

Despite tremendous growth in the field, there have been many challenges to law and the behavioral sciences. The most colorful expression is Abel's charge that "questions and answers have begun to sound a comfortable, but rather boring 'clackity-clack.'" On one hand, the achievements of the field cannot be ignored by those who want to think about law seriously. On the other hand, all approaches to the field are flawed and are likely to remain that way. Help in solving the problems of the field might come from a thorough interdisciplinary approach, calling on the contributions of all social sciences while recognizing the limitations of each; knowledge of a minimum amount of law and legal method, but with full awareness of how legal thought may distort definitions of problems; and knowledge of the questions posed by broader social theories in light of an empirical refining of their large explanations.     

The Path of the Law Review: How Interfield Ties Contribute to Institutional Emergence and Buffer against Change

Early neoinstitutional theory tended to assume institutional reproduction, while recent accounts privilege situations in which alternative models from outside an organizational environment or delegitimizing criticism from within precipitate institutional change. We know little about institutions that persist despite such change conditions. Recent advances in sociological field theory suggest that interfield ties contribute to institutional change but under‐theorize how such ties may reinforce institutions. Extending both approaches, I incorporate self‐reinforcing mechanisms from path‐dependence scholarship. I elucidate my framework by analyzing the student‐edited, student‐reviewed law review. Despite its anomalous position relative to the dominant peer‐reviewed journal model of other disciplines, and despite sustained criticisms from those who publish in them, the law review remains a bedrock institution of law schools and legal scholarship. I combine qualitative historical analyses of legal scholarship and law schools with quantitative analyses of law‐review structures and field contestation. The analysis covers law review's entire historical trajectory—its emergence, its institutionalization and coherence of a field around it, and its current state as a contested but persistent institution. I argue that self‐reinforcing mechanisms evident in law review's ties to related fields‐legal practice, law schools, the university, and legal periodicals—both enabled its emergence and have buffered it against change.     

欧盟非合同义务法律适用统一化——以《罗马条例II》为中心

《罗马条例II》的诞生,标志着欧盟国际私法统一化的最新发展——非合同义务领域法律适用的统一,从而使非合同义务的法律适用增加了一种"超国家"法律渊源。而且,统一的内容涉及侵权或不法行为、不当得利、无因管理等非合同之债的主要方面,统一的法律选择力求在法律适用的确定性与灵活性、管辖权选择与内容定向法律选择、社会公共利益与个人利益等方面达到平衡。欧盟非合同义务法律适用的统一化给中国国际私法立法以启示。     

数据安全刑法保护扩张的合理边界

《数据安全法(草案)》的发布是数据安全作为独立法益的立法宣示,基于数据安全对个体利益、公共安全和国家安全的重要价值,刑法有必要将其纳入保护范围。现行刑法对数据安全的保护是通过制裁信息犯罪间接实现的,由于刑法视阈下的信息和数据存在着本质性差异,未来刑法必然要建立新的数据犯罪罪名体系,实现数据安全领域刑法保护的大规模扩张。为了避免刑法扩张演化成违背谦抑性的公权力滥用,必须进行"合边界性审视",确保其不会突破刑法自身的边界。由于数据安全法益自身无法通过"法益原则"实现刑法边界划定功能,有必要引入"广义危害性原则",在数据安全领域的刑法保护扩张之前,划定扩张的合理边界。     

商标法基本范畴的符号学分析

符号学是专门研究符号及其意指活动之规律的科学,本质上属于跨学科的方法论。由于商标本身就是一种符号,商标法既是市场经济社会的重要法律,又是一种符号规范,因此,在商标法学领域,符号学不仅是一种研究方法,而且还具有本体上的意义。透过商标法基本范畴的符号学分析,我们可以对商标、商标权和商标侵权的本质做出直观而合理的解释,从而准确把握商标制度的运行机理。     

住所与国籍的冲突与调和

在国际私法领域,属人法是解决法律冲突,确定准据法的一个重要系属公式.但属人法的本国法和住所地法的理解,使得国籍与住所两个连结点产生矛盾和冲突,也产生了大陆法系本国法主义和英美法系住所地法主义的纷争.在当今国际社会中,国籍与住所的调和已成为一种趋势,而惯常居所连结点取代国籍和住所日益成为矛盾解决的积极措施.     

社区法治在法治进程中的价值

社区法治既是国家法治建设全局中的重要领域,又是能够催生和促进法治的新生社会空间,社区产生发展的历史背景、社区自身的特点属性、以及社区法治化社会实践,都带有法治社会建设"试验田"、"示范区"和"战略区"的特征和功能。     

法律与文化:法学研究的双向视角

把法律认识置于法律与文化之间,不仅为法学研究开辟了一片新天地,还使法学研究增添了一种新方法。对法律的文化解释有一个从单一迈向双向的视角转变,这种让法律与文化在对话中相互提升自己的转变呈现出一种包容和多元的方法态势。同时,文化方法的法学运用还表现出它在沟通异质法文化与变革传统法文化方面的方法论意义。     

论国际私法规范的柔性化与刚性化

晚近国际私法规范的发展呈现出两大相互对立的趋势 :柔性化与刚性化。前者在美国国际私法领域广为盛行 ,后者则在欧洲大陆国际私法领域暗流涌动。国际私法规范的柔性化主要表现为确立弹性规则 ,对传统冲突规范和机械规则进行软化处理 ;而刚性化的主要表现是国家对国际私法领域的介入 ,撇开冲突规范而将强制性法规范直接适用于涉外民商事案件     

Predicting State Police Officer Performance in the Field Training Officer Program: What Can We Learn from the Cadet’s Performance in the Training Academy?

This paper examines the influence of the state police law enforcement academy on the performance of commissioned officers in the field training officer (FTO) program in a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The police training academy is paramount in preparing cadets for the roles, responsibilities, and activities that graduates assume independently in the field. As such, it is important to understand the value added to future performance in the field through adequate preparation in the training academy. This study analyzes a sample of officers in the Southeastern region of the United States and explores the relationship between their performance as cadets in the academy and their performance as commissioned officers in the field training officer program. Through stepwise regression, the researcher concluded that the law enforcement training academy accounts for 10% of the performance variance of newly commissioned officers in the field officer training program. The researcher recommended further analysis of the law enforcement curriculum and of the field training officer program. This research should focus on the specific goals and objectives of the FTO program to ensure that the curriculum taught in the academy is properly aligned with the performance measures of the FTO program.     

行政立法不作为的理论分析与监控手段

行政立法不作为是一个复杂的理论和实践问题,是行政法学理论界的新热点,同时也是实务界的老难点。理论和实践的不成熟,值得我们深入的探讨。本文以行政立法不作为为研究对象,通过对其的理论分析,希冀可以对行政立法不作为行为提出有效的监控手段。     

论中国死刑的保留与限制及其对故意杀人罪的适用

死刑问题不是一个纯粹的刑法问题 ,死刑的存废取决于主导性社会观念的支持。在中国刑法理论界 ,虽未一般地将废除死刑作为自己的目标 ,但严格限制死刑的适用却一直是中国刑法界的态度。现行中国的刑事法律从适用对象、适用程序和死缓制度三个方面来严格限制死刑 ,故意杀人罪是当今中国刑法中死刑的主要适用对象。