The Major Power Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics in the Transition of International Order

The early 21st century finds great change in international order.China's foreign relations have entered a new phase where its driving force is rapidly rising for the emerging countries and new global economic governance mechanism is gradually established.To follow the trend of the times,China has actively participated in global economic governance and supply of public goods.China' s foreign relations present a new vision,idea and strategy under the leadership of President Xi Jinping.It is a new starting point for China to further integrate itself into the world and open itself wider to the world.China takes an active part to participate in global governance and plays an important role in the issues of economic integration,environmental governance,climate change,nuclear nonproliferation,energy crisis,internet security and anti-terrorism,especially anti-terrorism.This article explains the performance of international relations in current transition order and tries to tackle prior (and in some ways more intractable) issues and to analyze the internal logics and external environment of impact of multi-polarization on China's major power diplomacy with its characteristics in the transition of International order.     

Global Governance Reform

President Barack Obama has trumpeted a ＂new era of engagement＂ for the United States. The central components of his strategy include a world order characterized by peaceful accommodation between established and rising powers; the collective management of transnational problems; and the overhaul of international institutions to reflect these shifting power dynamics and the new global agenda. Placing less emphasis than his predecessor on the pursuit of American primacy, Obama envisions--indeed, insists-that other global powers assume new responsibilities. Notwithstanding its multilateral instincts, though, the Obama administration is limited in its practical ability to promote and embrace sweeping reforms to global governance. Therefore, rather than casting its lot entirely with universal organizations like the United Nations, the United States will adopt a pragmatic approach to international cooperation that combines formal institutions with more flexible partnerships to achieve US national interests. The balance sheet for Obama＇s first year in office underscores both the opportunities for and the constraints on global governance reform in the current geopolitical environment.     

Group of Twenty and Contribution of China

正The Group of Twenty(G20)is one of the principal forums focusing on global economic cooperation and it turned out to be an important platform for emerging economies in participating in global economic governance.As an important member of G20,China is not only a participant,constructor and beneficiary of the current international system,but also the     

International Institutions and GHG

Globalization is pushing public health crises beyond traditional national boundaries. It has also transformed international health governance into global health governance. Health security is one aspect of global public welfare. International institutions, such as the WHO, the WTO, the World Bank, and the BWC, are main providers of global public welfare for health. However, those institutions＇ role in global health governance is not optimized. An analysis of the shortcomings of the international institutions concerned with global heath can contribute to better global health governance. Some tentative solutions to such problems are put forward in this paper.     

Problems in Dealing with the Global Climate Change

The question of climate change has been gaining heat in recent years. At the G8 summit in L＇Aquila, Italy in July, climate change was one of the focuses, and consensus was reached on the long-term target of emission cutting. The main emitting countries of the world will gather in Copenhagen of Denmark at the end of this year for global climate change negotiations. It is emerging as a new area for world powers to contend with each other.     

On the Struggle for International Power of Discourse on Climate Change

With climate change developing into one of the global focal issues, the struggle for the international power of discourse on climate change tends to be intensified. The struggle is in essence the contest for national interest revolving around economic and development interest. The weight of international power of discourse acquired by each country is determined by its national strength and its relevant policies as well.     

拜登政府气候外交战略：动因、进展与制约因素（英文）

More than two years into its implementation, the Biden administration’s climate diplomacy has left its imprint on global climate governance and low-carbon transition. It has somewhat restored international confidence in the US, repaired America’s global image, and reshaped the country’s influence and leadership in international affairs. However, domestic and external challenges cannot be ignored, and the US strategic competition against China is likely to severely restrain the two countries’ cli...     

China-Australia Minerals and Energy Cooperation:Status Quo,New Features and Suggestions

Minerals and resources trade and investment play a pivotal role in economic and trade relations between China and Australia.In recent years,although China-Australia political relations have been at a low point,China?Australia minerals and energy cooperation has exhibited a different trend to that of political relations,and also from the engagement during previous periods.Minerals and energy trade has increased steadily,while investment is becoming more difficult,particularly for large projects.There has been a clear green transition in trade and investment in this functional area,and uncertainty has increased due to the influence of factors such as the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),the shale gas revolution and China-US trade disputes.Because this is one of the pillars for economic growth for both countries,and for their trade and investment ties,and because of the importance of low-carbon transition,the free trade system,and global and regional governance,minerals and energy cooperation can serve as a platform for improving and promoting bilateral relations.It has been suggested that China should seize the opportunity to improve bilateral relations by deepening two-way investment,joining hands with Australia on developing more products in more areas,and with new cooperation models.This research will be significant for understanding the status quo of China-Australia cooperation in minerals and energy,and for improving bilateral relations,and even international energy governance.     

New Hot Issues in the World and Fresh Challenges to Global Governance

Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid deveopment of multi-polarization and economic globalization and profound changes in the international security situation, countries in the world are becoming more interdependent and deepening their cooperation, and at the same time facing increasingly grave common challenges. Particularly in recent years new hot issues relating to outer space, the polar regions, and climate change are looming large, posing new serious challenges to the current international rules and regulations and order of global governance.     

China's Basic Role in Global Governance

正The relations between China and global governance can be defined and explained in the following aspects:history of China's presence in global governance institutions,China's current relations with global governance institutions,China's role in leading institutions of global governance(such as UN Security Council and G20)and China's future contribution to global     

China and Global Governance

To enhance global governance has become more urgent with rapid development of globalization in the post-Cold War years. China has benefited from the process of globalization and hence should make greater contribution to the global governance in the future.     

From Passive to Active

As one of the victorious Allies of World War I,China attended the Paris Peace Conference in 1919.To a certain extent,the conference can be regarded as the true beginning of global governance.It was followed by the establishment of the Versailles-Washington System,the first international pattern with world participation.Although it was involved in global governance from the outset,China has experienced four periods of twisting and turning,in which both China and the international pattern have exerted profound influence on one another.It is clear that China has gradually turned from passive to active in this process.     

Prospects of Climate Change Negotiation

This article examines the key points of controversy and the prospects for the post-Copenhagen global climate change negotiations. While the Europeans and the U.S. try to abandon the principles of the Kyoto Protocol after 2012, the developing countries will strive to make the developed countries continue to accept differentiated responsibilities or obligations, The prospects of reaching a new legally binding international agreement on emissions reduction in the Cancun or South Africa summits may be diminishing.     

Climate Change and the US Security Sector: the Securitization of Climate Change

This preliminary study traces how climate change came to be viewed as a security issue in the United States through a review of policy documents and reports prepared for and by the US security sector. The paper draws upon the ideas of constructivist schools of security studies to provide an analytical framework for understanding the meaning of the securitization process as it has occurred in the United States. It then refl ects upon the adequacy of those frameworks to interpret the securitization of climate change. In the US, new knowledge of the phenomenon of climate change was fi rst constructed in the research sector, in the fi elds of meteorology and atmospheric science. Environmental and Earth sciences then became a locus of research, and climate change fi rst entered security discourse as a topic of environmental protection. As the implications of climate change and its potential impact on water resources, food production, diseases, infrastructure, and human migration came to the attention of the security sector, this knowledge stimulated an internal discourse, where each new document functioned both as a new securitization statement and as a policy response to prior documents in a chain of discourse. Actors in this securitization process included not only “speakers” making a securitization claim (knowledge claim) and “audiences” that accept or reject a claim. Importantly, it also included actors who were instrumental in translating knowledge between research and security sectors. This brief consideration suggests that social science theories that center on practice are more robust than those that center on discourse for interpreting the securitization of climate change. Improved analytic frameworks need to better account for actors whose role is to transfer and translate knowledge from one sector to another.     

Adapting to International System Change

Understanding the transition happening in the international system requires a balance between old logic and new reality.As the power pattern changes and the characteristics of international order unfold,the complications of global politics,causal relationships among different issues,and the echoing effects of strategic choices will lead to greater need for global governance.The logic of simple power politics will not be enough when strategists confront nontraditional challenges.     

从俄乌冲突看全球安全治理困境及出路（英文）

Hegemonism and power politics are the greatest threats to global security, development and governance. US foreign policy has given rise to serious global security crises and security dilemmas. The Russia-Ukraine conflict is a typical case of the current predicament of global security governance. The conflict has exacerbated multiple global security crises, which raises the urgency to promote the construction of a global security governance system.     

International Relations Think Tanks and Their Issues

The emergence of international relations think tanks reflects historic changes in China's relations with the world and is a result of China's need to better understand the international situation and to have a greater impact on it.It also reflects the thirst for "intellectual support" for foreign policy and strategy,and this is a sign of progress in China's governance system.     

Global Energy Governance Changes:Challenges and Reform Trends

The energy issue is a focal point in intemational relations not only at the level of nation-states but in transnational and interdisciplinary facets.The advance of globalization and scientific-technological development,the absolute need for reliable,continued energy supply for stability and the protection of humanity,make it imperative for all actors to coordinate and cooperate.Modern-day energy governance was given birth out of security concems from major energy consumers.Today's major energy importers such as China still need to guard energy supply security but,additionally,fluctuating prices also impact energy exporters.The non-marketization factor has accentuated the uncertainty of energy prices.The carrier of global energy governance currently is a multi-level,diverse and dispersed network.1     

Response to Climate Change： China＇s Actions and Cooperation with EU

Along with the fast growth of world economy, industrialization in particular, global issues such as climate change have become common concerns of the international community. Climate diplomacy is also gradually becoming a hot topic on the international agenda. Climate change is a common challenge to the world and every country bears the responsibility to address this issue. China is highly concerned about climate change and hopes to work with EU and the rest of the world to meet this challenge.     

State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi Addresses Opening of Symposium on International Situation and China's Foreign Relations in 2018

正On December 11,2018, State Councilor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi addressed the opening of the Symposium on the International Situation and China's Foreign Relations in 2018,co-hosted by CIIS and China Foundation for International Studies in Beijing.In his keynote speech, Wang Yi pointed out that China's foreign policy in2018 can be recapitulated in several wordsand phrases:openness,cooperation,steady progress,standing at the forefront of the times, mission, and steadfastness. As the People's Republic of China celebrates the70th anniversary of its founding in 2019,it will spare no effort to ensure the success of the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation,make multipronged efforts to advance friendship and cooperation with all countries, actively safeguard peace and stability in the region and beyond, take an active part in shaping global governance, and serve the domestic agenda of reform and development.Over 300 participants including