智慧资本、表征资本、产业资本与北京文化创意产业

本文从"智慧资本"、"表征资本"和"产业资本"三个方面论述了北京文化创意产业的概念,提出以创新为"智慧资本",以文化为"表征资本",以产业为"经济资本",构建以"创意"为本体,"文化"和"产业"为资本构架,"智慧资本"为自主创新动力的文化创意产业。     

The Contingent Public Value of ‘Good Design’: Regulating the Aesthetics of the Australian Urban Built Environment

The proposition that the urban built environment can, and indeed should, be made more visually attractive is a long‐standing feature of the governance of Australian cities. In this vein, this paper examines how ‘good design’ in terms of visual aesthetics is currently pursued including through the development assessment process and the work of government architects. The paper begins by tracing the background of contemporary regulatory practice from long‐standing ideas around beauty and its value through to the urban design movement of today. Next, it considers in more detail various rationales for aesthetic governance and what might be better forms of regulatory practice. In short, it will be argued that while there can be scope for regulation to deliver superior outcomes, this practice must be sensitive to a high degree of contingency in what the public values and that deliberate empirical inquiry into the latter is desirable.     

State and Territory Government Strategic Plans: Exercises in Managing,Monitoring and Marketing

All but three of the Australian States and Territories have whole‐of‐government, jurisdiction‐wide strategic plans in place and the three exceptions had previously established a state plan in the decade after the first such plans were introduced by Tasmania and Victoria in 2001. Scholarly attention to date has been directed towards discrete aspects of state plans, such as the extent to which they can be seen as exercises in participative democracy or sustainability, rather than with examining state plans for what they explicitly purport to be – strategic plans originating in the core executive of government. We propose that there are three key strategic orientations for Australian state plans: to holistically manage, monitor and market government administration. These orientations may be competing, complementary or overlapping, and can vary over time. The article also proposes that state plans are a significant development in public management and warrant further and more detailed examination.     

基于生态学思想的城市规划专业教学改革

随着城市的发展,产生了一系列的城市生态安全问题,但是,生态学思想在城市规划专业教育体系中没有引起足够重视,与规划师这一特殊职业人才的培养要求存在较大差距。本文提出应从优化师资队伍结构、结合生态学思想的城市规划专业教育、健全专业教育制度三个方面加强城市规划专业的生态学教育。     

Capital Gains and Spatial Inequalities: Developing Fairer Suburbs

One of the longest‐running debates in urban development, enshrined within the evolution of the British planning system, is how best to capture the increased value of land arising from development. This article outlines the historic and contemporary context before proposing an approach towards ‘land value capture’, based on practice in continental Europe but adapted to Britain's specific circumstances. In doing so, it also sets out why new approaches are needed as part of the search for better ways of funding local infrastructure, developing mixed communities and improving Britain's suburbs for the benefit of all.     

The Democratization of Welfare Between Rhetoric and Reality: Local Planning,Participation, and Third Sector in Italy

The third sector, traditionally considered in the Italian welfare state as a residual actor of social policies, has increasingly engaged itself in various types of partnerships and collaborative planning processes with the local authority in recent years. In the rhetoric of welfare reform, third sector organizations play an important role, for they contribute to regenerating local democracy, stimulating communities, and fighting social exclusion. The article examines 12 local area plans, which have been realized in eight regions of Italy since 2000, by relying on empirical data and interviews. The article concludes that the so-called co-governance of local welfare can produce very different levels of democratization and improvement of social programs. In some areas, it may be that valorizing the third sector can effectively renew social policies, while in others the exact reverse may happen. The article offers an analysis of the main factors that influenced this result.     

首都经济结构战略性调整的若干问题

“十五”期间,首都经济结构调整的主要任务应是产业结构调整、所有制结构调整以及经济体制的转迹和制度建设;经济结构调整应与较快的增长速度相适应;应着力培育一批新的经济增长点,淘汰一批生产能力落后的企业;应大力加强各项制度建设,为经济结构调整提供新的动力机制和保障机制。     

货币转化为资本是生产关系一系列变化的过程

生产关系范畴在马克思恩格斯思想体系中占有重要地位。研究从货币到资本的转化,必须以马克思恩格斯关于生产关系的理论为指导,必须把货币和资本不是看作物而是看作一定的生产关系,把从货币到资本的转化看作是生产关系一系列变化的过程。为了说明货币转化为资本的过程,需要揭示资本流通过程和简单商品流通过程的区别,说明资本流通过程的矛盾及其解决。在此基础上,说明从货币到资本的转化,是以往历史发展的结果和产物,是许多经济变革的总结,要以之前的各种生产形态的灭亡和生产力一定程度的发展为前提。资本主义的生产目的是榨取雇佣工人创造的剩余价值。产业工人在生产过程中创造的剩余价值是剩余价值的唯一来源。资本主义生产过程是劳动过程和价值增殖过程的统一。剩余价值是在生产过程中产生、在流通过程中实现的。资本主义生产过程和流通过程的统一,实质上就是剩余价值的生产过程和流通过程的统一。     

Citizens’ Perceptions of Governance in Rural and Urban China

This article presents three main findings from a purposive stratified survey of urban and rural residents. First, Chinese citizens “disaggregate” the state with high levels of satisfaction for Central government that fall dramatically as government gets closer to the people. Satisfaction levels are noticeably lower for those in rural China. Second, attitudes about the way policy is implemented by local governments raise concerns. Irrespective of place of residence, respondents feel that when implementing policy local officials and governments are mainly concerned with their own interests, are more receptive to the views of their superiors rather than those of ordinary people, favor those with money, and are formalistic in implementing policy rather than dealing with actual problems. Third, the areas of work that citizens would really like government to concentrate on are job creation and providing basic guarantees to protect against the shocks of the transition to a market economy. Tony Saich is the Daewoo Professor of International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University and Director of the Harvard University Asia Center. His recent research focuses on the development of social policy in China, particularly on the provision of public goods by local governments. His publications include Governance and Politics of China by Palgrave and edited volumes on Financial Sector Reform in China (with Yasheng Huang and Edward Steinfeld) and AIDS and Social Policy in China (with Joan Kaufman and Arthur Kleinman both by Harvard University Asia Center. He would like to thank Edward Cunningham for his great help in preparing this article. He also wants to thank Victor Yuan (Horizon Market Research Company) for his tremendous help in designing the survey and implementing it. In addition, I would like to thank Anita Chan, Martin King Whyte and two anonymous reviewers for their extremely helpful comments on an earlier draft.     

政策性城市新移民社会资本对个体健康的影响研究--基于成都市的调查

基于社会资本理论,系统分析成都市政策性城市新移民与城市本地居民的健康相关社会资本现状。结果表明,政策性城市新移民的总体社会资本得分和单项社会资本得分均低于城市本地居民,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在此基础上,通过开展政策性城市新移民的社会资本对健康的影响因素分析,构建社会资本影响健康的作用路径模型,提出了提升政策性城市新移民健康相关社会资本的建议,为制定提高政策性城市新移民健康水平的政策提供参考依据。     

Improving Policy Effectiveness: Land Use Planning in a Devolved Polity

Improving public policy efficiency and effectiveness in land use planning is an established priority on the prevailing political agenda in the UK. Practical measures to enhance policy formulation in local land use development plans in Scotland offer an interesting case study of an attempt to improve policy consistency, and to secure efficiency gains in policy authorship. This article considers the specific focus on the drafting stage of public policy‐making drawing on insights provided by research into the production of model policies in Scotland. It questions the extent to which such an initiative will promote a more robust public policy‐making discipline in light of the policy cycle. The discussion of the case study illustrates a practical attempt by central government to enhance public policy‐making at the local level, while raising questions about the dangers of invoking a technocratic and instrumentalist approach to policy analysis.     

东亚现代化进程中的知识阶层

随着东亚现代化的推进 ,技术和知识日益成为改变人们心智和生活的重要力量 ,增强了东亚知识阶层在经济社会发展中的作用 ,也前所未有地为他们提供了获取经济利益与实现自我价值的历史机遇。 2 1世纪 ,东亚知识阶层面临的主要考验和挑战是 :不再充当西方科技和文化的二传手 ,而要成为带有东亚出产标记的知识文化产品的创造者 ,切实推进东亚现代化模式从引进模仿到开发创新的转变     

Public Value Management: A Case Study of Transitional Change in Disability Sector Reform in Western Australia

This paper contributes to the study of public value management (PVM). PVM is distinguished from other approaches to public administration in its focus on establishing community networks and collaborative capacity building for the creation of public value. We explore PVM through a case study of a public–community sector partnership strategy called the positive behaviour framework (PBF), a state government initiative designed to transform services for people with disabilities. The development and implementation of the PBF is analysed via a transitional change or ‘sector awareness’ model. Each phase of the model is illustrated through ‘positive stories’ that depict key moments in the change process and in the activities that public sector managers employed to raise awareness, build capacity, and promote collaboration. We discuss the implications of the study for disability sector change management and for the further study of the PVM approach to public sector administration.     

成都统筹城乡户籍制度改革研究

成都统筹城乡户籍制度改革,是新中国成立以来最大规模的户籍制度改革。它以实现城乡统筹为目标,欲构建城乡一体的新形态,建立城乡均等的公共服务保障体系,城乡互动,共同发展。成都改革存在经济实力不强、法律政策体系不完善、农民问题和农村产权等需要解决的问题。统筹城乡发展和户籍制度改革是一个综合的过程,需要大力提升农村经济实力,加快户籍改革立法进程,规范农村产权流转,培育市民文化,各方面共同发展,相互促进以实现成都经济社会发展一体化。     

社会资本在当代中国发展的困境

本文通过对社会资本内涵的说明,力求探索“关系”资源和社会资本的关系,厘清社会资本和“关系”资源的区别。进而论述目前在我国构建社会资本的条件尚不充分,如果强行进行社会资本的运行,那么社会资本极易演变成“关系”资源的范畴,进而不利于社会的有效整合。     

能源变革中的首都西南区域经济发展与战略选择

石油、天然气等非再生能源供给约束对经济发展的制约,使人类开始探索第三次能源变革。伴随每次能源结构变革是现代产业发展的巨大变化,后者又进一步推动经济社会发展。北京致力于世界城市建设,其经济社会发展要形成国际影响力与控制力,其顺应能源发展趋势的合理产业布局至关重要,而首都西南区域目前正处于传统产业退出、接续产业尚未形成时期,如果利用后发优势,建立国家战略性新兴能源产业基地,将可能实现区域经济的跨越式发展。     

Harnessing Market Competition in PPP Procurement: The Importance of Periodically Taking a Strategic View

Public‐Private Partnerships (PPP) procurement is routinely portrayed as offering greater scope for harnessing competitive market forces to secure Value for Money (VfM) than traditional procurement approaches ( OECD 2008 ). The aim of this article is (a) to demonstrate the importance of periodically taking a more systematic and strategic view when assessing VfM in PPP procurement ( OGC 2003 ), and (b) to develop an analytical framework for such an analysis. Road infrastructure procurement in South East Queensland is used as a case study to test the usefulness of the proposed framework, and to show how a narrow focus on individual contracts increases the risk of overlooking overdependence on one supplier ( OGC 2003 ). Discussion focuses on the need to combine detailed analysis of individual contracts with longitudinal analyses of market competitiveness when assessing best VfM.