Public Reason Liberalism and Sex‐Neutral Marriage A Response to Francis J. Beckwith

This article responds to an article by Francis J. Beckwith that argued that the consistent application of generic liberal principles requires that same‐sex marriage not be recognised in civil law. This response demonstrates that Beckwith's article contains a series of interpretative and substantive flaws that render his argument unsuccessful. These relate to a misinterpretation of core liberal principles and a sidestepping of the matter of undue bias against same‐sex partners. In correcting these flaws I tentatively propose a Voltairean argument in favour of same‐sex civil marriage for those citizens with moral qualms about same‐sex relationships derived from their reasonable comprehensive doctrine.     

新合同法的瑕疵与矫正

新合同法是我国第一部法典性质的合同基本法。该法的颁布与施行，标志着我国合同主体行为的规范化已迈入新型的法治轨道。但是，新合同法在部分内容和逻辑语法上，分别存有某些瑕疵，如关于合同的定义与定性有失偏颇，法条之间有矛盾和逻辑错误等等，须予以矫正。     

PROTECTING VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND THEIR CHILDREN AFTER DIVORCE

This article discusses the issue of domestic violence in the postdivorce context and how abused women who have children with their abusers are at a particular high risk of becoming victims of this phenomenon. It discusses recent state legislation that has been enacted to deal with the problems of domestic abuse after divorce. More specifically, this article looks at the American Law Institute's proposed model statute on child custody and visitation and how it addresses the issue of domestic violence both during and after divorce. This article will also explore potential flaws of the American Law Institute's model as well as some ideas for further development in this area .     

论民事再审制度的冲突与选择

本文从我国民事再审制度的发展入手,分析了我国民事再审制度存在的多方面的冲突和缺陷,提出了我国民事再审制度的完善必须要解决再审制度的价值取向、诉讼模式、规则冲突、选择及补缺等建议。     

Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation,Ruling of May 15, 2001, No. 134-O

An article in Rossiiskaia gazeta became the reason for initiation of a criminal case against Ruslan Nakhushev, a lawyer and religious figure well known in Nal'chik. But many lawyers think that the future of the case is transparent, due to the flaws in domestic legislation.     

论刑法漏洞--以偷税罪立法为视角

刑法漏洞有明显漏洞与隐含漏洞之分.司法过程中不能对明显漏洞进行补充,但却可以对隐含漏洞进行补充.学界所认为的偷税罪立法中的漏洞经过法律解释后,其实并非刑法漏洞.     

Risks, Costs and Alternatives in EC Environmental Legislation: The Case of 'REACH'

European Community standards of environmental law are commonly framed in terms of the risks of activities to human health and the environment. Under this cover of uni-dimensional concern, considerations of an activity's benefits, regulatory costs and the availability of alternatives play a crucial role in the regulatory practice. The REACH proposal is a first and ambitious attempt to bring these other dimensions to the fore and give them shape. This article analyses this approach, identifies its merits and flaws, and develops a scheme that makes the complex calculus practicable. It is submitted that the scheme is applicable also in other areas of EC environmental law.     

论刑法漏洞--以偷税罪立法为视角

刑法漏洞有明显漏洞与隐含漏洞之分.刑事司法过程中不能对明显漏洞进行补充,但却可以对隐含漏洞进行补充.学界所认为的偷税罪立法中的漏洞经过法律解释后,其实并非刑法漏洞.     

U.S. Social Structure and Imprisonment

An article by Joubert, Picon and McIntosh (1981) is found to contain several serious methodological flaws. A second analysis using a similar data set suggests that these methodological problems may have caused them to draw erroneous conclusions regarding the effects of social structural variables on prison admission and release rates.     

From the octopus to the spider’s web: the transformations of the Sicilian mafia under postfordism

Since 1989, when the Berlin wall fell, criminal organizations have undergone to deep changes. Globalisation has indeed brought about new opportunities for new criminal organizations, as well as creating new illegal markets. For most scholars, the Sicilian mafia, or Cosa Nostra (CN), has suffered the blows of these changes and entered a deep crisis. This article aims to show that CN is not in crisis, but it is rather experiencing the changes from a fordist to a psot-fordist regime of capitalist accumulation. In order to demonstrate this thesis, the author will analyse the flaws of previous mafia theorists, the changes in economy and also in culture.     

Virtue and the Law: The Good Moral Character Requirement in Occupational Licensing,Bar Regulation,and Immigration Proceedings

Character plays a crucial role in US law. This article explores flaws in how moral character requirements determine who can work in licensed occupations, who can practice law, and who can immigrate to the United States or become a citizen. Section I summarizes psychological research on character, which raises questions about a central legal premise that individuals have a settled disposition capable of accurately predicting their behavior independent of situational influences. Section II examines the role of moral character as an employment credential. Almost a third of the workforce is covered by licensing laws that typically require proof of good character and often unjustly penalize the seventy million Americans with criminal records. Section III examines the idiosyncratic and inconsistent application of moral character requirements for lawyers. Section IV focuses on similar flaws in immigration contexts. Section V identifies reform strategies to improve the fairness of character‐related decisions in the law.     

ON THE CAUSES OF "WHITE-COLLAR" CRIME: AN ASSESSMENT OF HIRSCHI AND GOTTFREDSON'S CLAIMS

This article assesses Hirschi and Gottfredson claims about patterns and explanations of White-collar crime. It points out several flaws in their analysis and shows (1) that the UCR offense categories of fraud and forgery are not appropriate indicators of white-collar or occupational crime because the typical arrestee in these categories committed a nonoccupational crime; (2) that the demographic distribution (age, sex, race) of these "white-collar" crimes is not the same as it is for most ordinary crimes; and (3) that the occurrence of these "white-collar" crimes is not relatively rare. The implications of the findings for research and theory on crime are also discussed.     

TRIPS from Doha to Cancún ... to Ottawa: global developments in access to treatment and Canada's Bill C-56

In November 2003, Canada introduced legislation to amend the Patent Act so that manufacturers could obtain licences to make generic versions of patented pharmaceutical products for export to countries lacking sufficient capacity to produce their own. Bill C-56 aims to implement an August 2003 decision of the World Trade Organization (WTO) that relaxes its rules on pharmaceutical patents to allow this kind of measure. While the bill is a welcome development, it contains several serious flaws that will undermine the initiative and render it largely meaningless. Civil society organizations, including the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, have called on the Canadian government to remedy the flaws before Bill C-56 is enacted. This article provides an overview of recent global developments leading up to Canada's initiative, as well as an analysis of Bill C-56 itself.     

The case against the use of polygraph examinations to monitor post‐conviction sex offenders

In this article I caution against the use of polygraph testing in convicted sex‐offenders programs. First, I explain that the prevalent method of polygraph testing, the CQT, suffers from several major flaws and has no scientific basis. These flaws, which characterize all usages of the CQT, including its use with sex offenders, create a considerable risk for false positive as well as false‐negative errors. Second, no methodologically sound research examining the validity of the CQT, neither in its forensic application, nor in its use with sex offenders has been conducted. Finally, I explain why the use of CQT polygraphy with sex offenders is even more problematic than its common use as an aid in criminal investigations. Clearly, rehabilitation programs of convicted sex offenders are highly important, but the use of polygraph testing in this context is misguided and instead of reducing recidivism in sex offenders is likely to achieve just the opposite.     

废除法人作品规定的另外三个理由

我国著作权法关于法人作品的规定引发广泛批评,持废除该规定的观点的论者为数不少。该规定存在以下三个方面的缺陷：立法技术借鉴方面的率尔操觚、立法理由的张冠李戴、法学理论的顾此失彼,废除该规定有利于纠正作品实际创作人与法人或者其他组织之间业已失衡的权利配置关系。     

《中华人民共和国合同法》第122条的缺陷评析及补救

合同法第122条赋予了受损害方要求违约方承担违约责任或侵权责任的“择一请求”权,是我国民事立法的重大突破。但是,当两个请求权所指向的利益可以独立并存时,该法条规制乏力,有明显缺陷,应予以修补。应当既承认受损害方的诉讼选择权,又同时维护其两方面的实体利益。     

古典自然法的人文主义解释

本文是从人文主义角度分析、梳理古典自然法理论的一个尝试。文章详细阐述了古典自然法的概念、理念、背景以及所涵盖的一系列人文主义精神和基本理念 ,并由此得出结论认为 ,古典自然法是以人的理性为起点又以人的幸福为归宿的 ,是一切实在法的公理法。尽管它也有这样那样的缺陷 ,但作为人文精神的长明灯 ,它仍然有着十分重要的意义。     

Reconciling Trade and Culture: A Global Law Perspective

This article provides an overview of the most essential issues in the trade and culture discourse from a global law perspective. It looks into the intensified disconnect between trade and culture and exposes its flaws and the considerable drawbacks that it brings with it. It is argued that these drawbacks become especially pronounced in the digital media environment, which has strongly affected both the conditions of trade with cultural products and services and cultural diversity in local and global contexts. In this modified setting, there could have been a number of feasible “trade and culture” solutions—i.e., regulatory designs that while enhancing trade liberalization are also conducive to cultural policy. Yet, the realization of any of these options becomes chimerical as the line between trade and culture matters is drawn in a clear and resolute manner.     

An Odd Couple: Domestic Crimes and International Responsibility in the Special Tribunal for Lebanon

This article examines one of the most serious flaws of the Statuteof the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (‘STL’): whileit provides that Lebanese domestic law is the sole source ofcrimes over which the STL will have jurisdiction, it at thesame time applies to these domestic crimes uniquely internationalforms of criminal responsibility, namely joint criminal enterpriseand command responsibility. By doing so, the Statute is in violationof the nullum crime sine lege principle, since it would allowfor the conviction of persons who could not be held responsibleunder Lebanese law. The purpose of this article is to highlightsome ways out of this problem.     

恶意欠薪罪若干问题探究

把《刑法修正案(八)》第41条新增设的罪名定位为恶意欠薪罪,不仅更为形象、生动与简洁,更加符合本罪的犯罪构成,而且还能够全面反映本罪的本质属性。恶意欠薪罪的现有立法规定尚有不明确之处或根本性缺陷,应予以解释或改进。其中,应把本罪的主观方面解释为"恶意",把本罪的客观方面限定为"情节犯",以合理划定本罪的犯罪圈。同时,还应舍弃客观的处罚条件,而采用一种二元化犯罪模式,以有效遏制恶意欠薪行为。