Public Values in Public–Private Partnerships

Although public–private partnerships (PPPs) are frequently analyzed and lauded in terms of efficiency, their impact on public values is often neglected. As a result, there is little empirical evidence supporting or rejecting the claim that PPPs have a negative effect on public values. This case study provides valuable insight into the relationship between public values in PPPs and the circumstances affecting the degree to which public values are upheld. Research findings demonstrate that whether public values are at stake in PPPs cannot be answered with a simple yes or no. Rather, public values can be threatened, safeguarded, or even strengthened depending on the project phase and the specific facet of the public value under scrutiny. Insight into which circumstances influence the safeguarding of public values in DBFMO (design–build–finance–maintain–operate) projects unravels the strengths and weaknesses of PPPs in terms of public values, providing public managers with a starting point for optimization.     

民营企业价值观管理刍论

从核心价值观的重塑和管理入手,加强企业文化建设,有助于提高我国民营企业家和企业管理人员的经营管理水平,增强企业凝聚力,提升产品竞争力,从而克服经营困境、突破发展瓶颈、实现"二次创业"。民营企业价值观管理,包括价值观的分析、批判与建构,价值观在经营管理活动的渗透与应用,以及价值观管理的绩效评估三个关键环节。在价值观管理中,要重视企业领导人的榜样作用,加强员工教育培训工作,营造良好企业文化氛围。     

A Comparison of the Values and Commitment of Private Sector, Public Sector, and Parapublic Sector Employees

This study investigated differences in general values, work values and organizational commitment among 549 private sector, public sector, and parapublic sector knowledge workers. No differences in general values were observed across sectors, although five significant work value differences were revealed: parapublic employees value work that contributes to society more than public servants, who value it more than private sector employees; parapublic employees value opportunities for advancement less than both public and private sector employees; public servants value intellectually stimulating and challenging work more than parapublic employees; and private sector employees value prestigious work more than public servants. Private sector employees displayed greater organizational commitment than the employees in the other two sectors. Overall, the findings suggest only limited value differences among employees of the various sectors. The finding of some work value differences between employees in the public and parapublic sectors suggests that these two groups merit separate consideration in comparative studies such as this one.     

Sequential Rent Seeking

We consider n firms which choose rent-seekingexpenditures sequentially, each player anticipatingthe rent-seeking expenditures that will be made bylater movers. We find that the earlier movers need notmake larger profits than later movers, and thataggregate profits are lower than in a game in whichfirms make simultaneous moves.     

手机危机短信强效传播的博弈分析——以“广元蛆虫柑橘”手机短信传播为例

手机短信在危机信息传播中扩散迅速,效果显著."广元蛆虫柑橘"手机短信历其实现强效传播,既产生了一定的积极作用,也带来了不容忽视的负面影响.运用博弈理论探析手机短信在危机信息传播中实现强效传播的原因,对于构建科学完善的手机危机短信传播机制具有重要的现实意义.     

Seeking sanctuary: Housing undocumented immigrants

This paper studies housing market outcomes of undocumented immigrants in the U.S. and explores the mechanisms behind the differential prices that immigrants pay for shelter. I show that undocumented renters pay a premium for housing relative to observably similar, documented, immigrant renters occupying similar housing. Building on theory and suggestive evidence that the premium is the result of search frictions driven by fear of deportation, I employ a triple-differences strategy to evaluate the impacts of sanctuary city policies on housing market outcomes of undocumented immigrants. I find that sanctuary city policies, which limit immigration enforcement, reduce housing costs of undocumented renters, suggesting such policies mitigate search frictions for this group.     

Seeking to Inspire Public Policy Analysts

The 1997 Public Policy Network Conference was held at Melbourne University's Centre for Public Policy. John Chesterman, one of the organisers, provides a taste of the debates.
The 1998 Public Policy Network Conference will be held at Victoria University, Wellington, on 29 and 30 January. Enquires or offers of papers may be forwarded to Dr RJ Gregory (e-mail Bob.Gregory@vuw.ac.nz ).     

Public and Private

The problem of public and private is often thought to be a boundary problem. 'Public' and 'private' are said to denote separate areas of human endeavour—distinct 'realms', 'spheres', or 'spaces'. The task of formulating clear boundaries, however, has proven to be enormously complex. It seems that every attempt at conceptualizing a purely private area of activity runs into a particular kind of difficulty, namely, many of the activities characteristic of the private sphere turn out to be activities toward which no responsible public authority could possibly remain indifferent: abuse within the family, collusion in the business world, criminal conspiracy among friends.
It may be, however, that the problem of public and private, conceived as a boundary problem, is thereby misconceived. It would perhaps be better to think of public and private as denoting not primarily—perhaps not at all—separate realms of endeavour but different ways of being in the world, different 'manners of acting'. To act in a private manner is simply different in character from acting in a public manner. Such a formulation, if pursued with care, would allow us to accept fully the arguments of those who would question the very idea of a private realm, while still permitting us to retain a vigorous and compelling public/private distinction.     

Integrating Values into Public Service: The Values Statement as Centerpiece

The public administration community needs to focus more attention on how values can be integrated into the structures, processes, and systems of public organizations. In particular, greater emphasis should be placed on the values statement as the central component of a values regime. This article examines the content and format of values statements in four Westminster-style governments, initiatives to make values a pervasive influence in public-service operations, and learning points for other countries. Each government's values statement should capture the essence of public service. Leaders must serve as both exemplary models of values-based behavior and skillful practitioners of the art of values management. A values statement expressing values that are shared at all organizational levels—combined with the dispersal of leadership roles throughout the organization—provides an especially strong foundation for integrating values into public service.     

探索城市辖区党建工作新路子

江泽民总书记在“七一”讲话中指出 :“全党同志要坚持从新的实际出发 ,以改革的精神研究和解决党的建设面临的重大理论和现实问题 ,使党始终保持先进性和纯洁性 ,充满创造力、凝聚力和战斗力。”面对改革开放和发展社会主义市场经济带来的一系列新情况、新问题 ,城市基层党建该怎么开拓创新 ?从深圳市福田区基层实践看 ,笔者认为 ,基层党建工作应深入贯彻江总书记“七一”讲话精神 ,解放思想 ,更新观念 ,从传统的党建模式中走出来 ,探索一条适合城区特点的新的基层党建工作路子 ,使党建工作更好地在城市经济发展、社会稳定和精神文明创建中…     

Seeking rents in the shadow of Coase

In this paper, we study a two-stage rent-seeking game. In the first stage, contestants compete à-la-Tullock; in the second stage, the winner can resell the rent à-la-Coase. We consider a complete information Tullock game in which the contestants have different valuations for the rent. The analysis focuses on the ex ante effects of a secondary market on efforts, payoffs, rent-dissipation and rent-misallocation. We show that the secondary market, while correcting possible misallocations, may exacerbate rent dissipation. In some situations, the increase in rent dissipation more than offsets the allocative advantage, so that a secondary market might reduce welfare. We further show how the effect of ex post tradeability on welfare depends on the parties’ bargaining power and valuations of the rent, also considering the case of endogenous bargaining power.     

寻求人文与科学之间的平衡一现代新儒家科学观述评

儒学与中国现代化的关系问题是20世纪中国哲学与文化极为重要的问题。如何做到科学理性与人文主义的有机结合,对于现代新儒家乃至整个人类文化都是一个富有挑战性的问题。新儒家在哲学视域下思考如何在人文理性的指引下充分发挥科学理性的重要作用,提出应凸显道德人文精神对于科学理性的导引价值,以寻求人文与科学之间的平衡。这对于解决当今科技异化问题无疑具有一定的启示意义。     

Constitutional Prohibitions in a Rent Seeking Model

I extend the standard rent seeking model to allow lobbying fora constitutional prohibition on wealth transfers. I examinetwo issues: (1) the ability of special interests withsignificant political capacity to block constitutional change;and (2) the effect of adding a constitutional stage on totallobbying expenditures. Defeating a prohibition on wealthtransfers is a public good for rent seekers; success inconstitutional politics merely allows them to lobby for wealthtransfers. The resulting collective action problem for rentseekers in constitutional politics offsets the generalinterest's free rider problems, reducing the probability oftransfers and expected total lobbying expenditures compared tothe traditional rent seeking contest. Introduction of aconstitutional stage also reverses several comparative staticsresults from the rent seeking game. An increase in the numberof rent seekers or the general interest's (consumers') abilityto organize increase lobbying in the rent seeking game butgenerally reduce expected lobbying in the constitutionalprohibition game.     

求真务实勇于创新开辟农村基层党建新途径——关于宝鸡市开展"双承诺双公开双评议"活动的几点思考

先进性教育活动结束以后,宝鸡市委从建立保持共产党员先进性长效机制入手,立足于农村基层党建工作实际,创造性地提出在农村基层组织开展"双承诺双公开双评议"活动,开辟了农村基层党建新途径,具有重要的现实意义和推广价值。要推进活动健康发展、收到实效,应该进一步改进和完善。     

Mind the Values Gap

Minds the Values Gap, a report published by The UK in a Changing Europe, highlights the poor alignment of the values expressed within the major parties by their MPs and their activists, with those voters who support them. Voters as a whole tend to the left on economic values, and to the authoritarian on social values. Although the data imply that it is the social authoritarianism that defines both Leave voters and Labour–Conservative switchers, this response argues that issues of national identity, democracy and sovereignty are neglected in that analysis.     

论人的价值

人的价值是一切价值中最重要也是最复杂的价值.对人的价值的理解,歧义颇多.要搞清楚人的价值,必须搞清楚入的价值与物的价值、人的自我价值与社会价值、人的主体价值与客体价值、人的潜在价值、内在价值与外在价值或现实价值及人的价值选择与价值实现等问题.     

刍议私家侦探在中国的发展前景

我国法规明文禁止私家侦探存在。但社会现实又有私家侦探发展的必要。私家侦探在国外得到良好地发展 ,并产生了巨大的作用。我们国家对私家侦探不应再采取排斥态度 ,应顺应经济与社会发展的需要 ,完善立法 ,给私家侦探提供一个良好的生存空间。     

论价值与存在

一、事实与价值.区分事实与价值,是价值哲学的起点.把事实混同于价值,是当代世界各国居于主导地位的价值哲学在理论上陷于混乱的根本原因.二、是与应当.不仅"是"在一定条件下可以推导出"应当",而且"应当"必须以"是"为根据."是"什么是实现科学决策作出"应当"如何的必要条件.三、价值与存在.价值存在于主体与客体的相互作用中,存在于主客体相互作用下客体对主体的作用和影响中,主客体相互作用中客体对主体的效应,就是价值(广义的价值).客体对主体积极的效应,就是正价值;消极的效应,就是负价值.通常人们所说的价值,指正价值,在这个意义上说,价值必定是善的.价值的本质在于促进主体生存、发展、完善,使主体特别是使人类社会更美好,使每一个人全面而自由地发展.     

不拘一格求真知

在近代史研究中提出范式问题,是因为从建国以来在史学研究中有太多的框框.例如,把几千年的文明史全部归结为阶级斗争史;用进步与反动、唯物与唯心的两分法界定历史人物;只言历史规律、必然性,讳言突发事件、偶然性对历史的作用;只重视精英思想的研究,忽视生活方式、风俗习惯的影响等等.     

Seeking Sovereignty: Gaining Understanding through Critical Analysis

The field of international relations has traditionally been dominated by a state-centric analysis of world politics, in which sovereignty is unequivocally tied to the Westphalian State. In recent literature, many international relations scholars have begun to question the primacy of the state and its relevance for understanding global politics. What remains to be analyzed is, if the Westphalian State is declining, where will sovereignty reside in the emerging post-Westphalian order? In order to address this question, this article will attempt to disaggregate sovereignty from the nation-state. The goal of this deconstructive exercise is to provide future international relations scholars with a more relevant conception of sovereignty and its possible impact on international relations studies. Only by engaging in this type of critical analysis can international relations scholars break out of their state-centric cocoon and progress towards a better understanding of the transforming global system.