Anderson v Dredd [2137] Mega-City LR 1

Administrative—judgment on the nature of judgment—conflict between Judges in judicial practice—claimant (Judge Anderson) challenges the judicial capacity of respondent (Judge Dredd)—claimant open and fluid in judicial style—respondent certain and authoritative in judicial style—insights from Psi Division on the role of judgment in the universe—whether respondent is a good judge—whether judgment closes down meaning—whether respondent is inhuman—whether judges are inhuman—whether judging is horrific—insight from twentieth century fiction on the place of humans in the universe—horror of HP Lovecraft—suppression of horrific cosmic context within judicial institution—suppression for the good of society.     

Communication and dialogue: what government websites might tell us about citizenship and governance

There are many ways to map and measure the links and spaces between the citizen and government. With the new models of governance available—where the government directs and the private sector along with a range of other actors implements—there are a whole number of questions that can be both examined in a qualitative manner but also may be examined in a quantitative manner. This paper looks at one quantitative approach (WAES—Website Attribute Evaluation System) and posit that it may be possible to develop from this further techniques—the development of e‐metrics—which will aid qualitative study of the citizenship and governance in the world of e‐government (E‐Gov).     

知识产权客体问题的澄清

21世纪是知识经济的时代,知识产权将成为主导型的权利形态。如何更好地保护知识产权,就必须对知识产权的客体等颇多争议的问题加以澄清。本文分别从权利以及法律关系的角度契入,详细地论述了作为知识产权权利客体的知识产品和作为知识产权法律关系客体的各项权利,同时分析了知识产权下权利客体与法律关系客体不相一致的成因。     

Cardiomyopathies—Misdiagnosed as Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Cardiomyopathies are an important and heterogenous group of diseases. With the identification of several new disease entities over the past decade, advances in diagnosis and precise causation, some disease definitions have become outdated. The past decade has witnessed a rapid evolution of molecular genetics in cardiology, e.g. myocardial diseases (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy—HCM, Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy—ARVCM) and channelopathies (Long QT syndrome—LQTS, Brugada syndrome—BrS, Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia—CPVT and Short QT syndrome—SQTS) as diseases predisposing to potentially lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Beside the detection of mutations in several genes, histological and immunohistochemical findings can point to a cardiomyopathy as underlying disease. Therefore, previous microscopical investigations of different parts of the myocardium can help to select those cases of suspected Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), where a search for genetic mutations can lead to a diagnosis explaining the sudden and unexpected death.     

The Inner Logic of Exclusivism (and Inclusivism): Shapiro's Shadowing

Scott Shapiro, a prominent defender of exclusive legal positivism—exclusivism—has intriguingly (re)introduced a logical principle, the endorsement and rejection of which he (I take it) supposes can helpfully distinguish exclusivism from its contrary, inclusive legal positivism—inclusivism. It is an intriguing thought that principles pitched at such a high level of abstraction as this could distinguish between the two versions of positivism. My aim will be to test whether this principle—and associated principles—can do such distinguishing work.     

Fatal Intoxication with α‐PVP,a Synthetic Cathinone Derivative

This study presents the fatal case of a young man who was admitted to the ICAU due to sudden cardiac arrest. An interview revealed that the patient had taken some unspecified crystals. From the moment of admission, his condition deteriorated dramatically as a result of increasing circulatory insufficiency. After a few hours, sudden cardiac arrest occurred again and the patient was pronounced dead. In the course of a medicolegal autopsy, samples of biological material were preserved for toxicology tests and histopathological examination. The analysis of samples using the LC‐MS/MS technique revealed the presence of α‐PVP in the following concentrations: blood—174 ng/mL, urine—401 ng/mL, brain—292 ng/g, liver—190 ng/g, kidney—122 ng/g, gastric contents—606 ng/g. The study also presents findings from the parallel histopathological examination. Based on these findings, cardiac arrest secondary to intoxication with alpha‐PVP was determined as the direct cause of the patient's death.     

Technology transfer to developing nations

What’s a developing nation? For that matter, what’s technology transfer? When put in the context of exporting and importing technology, the answers are moot. Transfer still turns on how much someone — developed, developing or undeveloped — is willing to pay for the technology, and whether there is an identifiable need that it can satisfy with a minimum of sophistication. The simpler — and cheaper — the better. That may very well become the theme of a new worldwide movement called “appropriate technology”, which, among several other matters, is also discussed in this paper.     

A synthesis of pertinent research relating to technical information systems

This article investigates, evaluates, and summarizes pertinent research on technical information systems (TIS) — the vehicle by which technology is disseminated and acquired by potential users of that technology. Since the TIS is a critical element in the transfer process, it is recommended as the place to begin — employing the principles of systems analysis and design — to optimize transfer of technology.     

The Eletsk Gambit

In Eletsk—the city second in significance in Lipetsk Oblast—they have still not begun the reform of local self-government. The matter has reached such a state that two committees of the oblast council have considered taking an extreme measure—making recourse to a court with a suit against the Eletsk city council of deputies, who are unable to overcome an internal disagreement.     

Valleys of Death and Darwinian Seas: Financing the Invention to Innovation Transition in the United States

The basic science and technology research enterprise of the United States—sources of funding, performing institutions, researcher incentives and motivations—is reasonably well understood by academics and policy makers alike. Similarly corporate motivations, governance, finance, strategy, and competitive advantage have been much studied and are relatively well understood. But the process by which a technical idea of possible commercial value is converted into one or more commercially successful products—the transition from invention to innovation—is highly complex, poorly documented, and little studied. In this paper we discuss the process by which basic research is converted into successful commercial innovations. Following Arrow (1962) and Zeckhauser (1996), we explore the hypothesis that asymmetries of informaion and motivation, as well as institutional “gaps,” may systematically deter private investment into early stage technology development. We describe the role of governments—federal and state (or provincial)—in promoting the commercial transition from an invention to an innovation. We conclude by suggesting some lessons that may be learned from the experience of the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) of the United States Department of Commerce, among the few Federal programs specifically intended to meet this need.     

家兔实验性切创的酶组织化学观察

本文报告30只家兔实验性切创在伤后1至12小时创壁的酶组织化学反应。LDH,SDH,NADH,α-GPDH 四种酶反应阳性。创壁酶活性增高的原因部分是局部原来的纤维细胞物质代谢升高,部分是由于急性炎细胞在伤区积聚。作者认为伤后1小时创壁酶反应阳性有助于确定生前伤,并推荐用 PTAH 染色确诊早期创面的微量纤维素性渗出。     

Expectations in a Joyless Landscape

“Ahead there stretches—to the farthest horizon—the joyless landscape of the public interest state. The life it promises will be comfortable and comforting. It will be well planned—with suitable areas for work and play. But there will be no precincts sacred to the spirit of individual man.” (Charles Reich, “The New Property”¹)     

A Question of Guilt

Abstract. This article inquires into the social function of guilt, especially collective guilt, and the implications thereof for collective violence and collective memory. The focus is on the relationship between collective violence and collective memory in countries that have experienced cultural trauma, defined as a dramatic loss of identity and meaning, a tear in the social fabric. Analyzing the dynamics—the mechanisms and processes—of remembering and forgetting such trauma, I argue that the idea of collective guilt is essential for making sense of collective violence and collective memory. Specifically, I show that collective violence requires collective action; that collective action produces collective guilt; that collective violence generates perceptions—and misperceptions—of collective guilt; and that collective memory is formed, deformed, and transformed by perceptions—and misperceptions—of collective guilt. The article uses illustrative data from a variety of cases to illuminate these dynamics. It concludes by explaining why understanding these dynamics is imperative for responding to historic injustice in the twenty‐first century.

相似文献   

Reviews

Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: The Marriage Contract. By Lenore J. Weitzman. [New York: The Free Press. 1981. 536 pp. (incl. index) $17.95.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Cohabitation Without Marriage. By Michael D. A. Freeman and Christina M. Lyon. [Aldershot, Hants.: Gower, 1983. 228 pp. (incl. index). £15.00.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Unmarried Couples. By Winifred H. Holland. [Toronto: The Carswell Company. 1982. 249 pp. (incl. index) Can.$32.50.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: The Family Home. By W. T. Murphy and Hilary Clark. [London: Sweet and Maxwell. 1983. xxi and 229 pp. (incl. index) £6£95 (paperback).] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Fundamentals of Securities Regulation. By Louis Loss. [Boston and Toronto: Little Brown and Company. 1983. xxiii and 1353 pp. No price stated.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Economic Realities and the Female Offender. By Jane Roberts Chapman. [Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books. 1980. 234 pp. (incl. bibliog. and index). No price stated.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Girl Delinquents. By Anne Campbell. [Oxford: Basil Blackwell. 1981. 266 pp. Paperback: £4-50.1 Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: The Analysis of Judicial Reform. Edited by Philip L. Dubois. [Lexington: D. C. Heath. 1982. xiv and 221 pp. £18·50.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: The Politics of Judicial Reform. Edited by Philip L. Dubois. [Lexington: D. C. Heath. 1982. xi and 187 pp. £18·50.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Prosecution in the Public Interest. By Susan R. Moody and Jacqueline Tombs. [Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press. 1982. xiii and 167 pp. £12·00.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: Free Speech: A Philosophical Inquiry. By Frederick Schauer. [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1982. 237 pp. £ 20·00 (hardback) £6-50 (paperback).] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: English Law and French Law. By René David. [Stevens/Eastern Law House. 1980. 195 pp. Hardback: £12·50.] Legal Marriage—who Needs it?: La Responsabilité Civile. By André Tunc. [Economica. 1981. 161 pp. Paperback: 65F.]     

Innovation effects of universities of applied sciences: an assessment of regional heterogeneity

The Journal of Technology Transfer - The literature on the economics of science and technology shows that academic universities—institutions focusing on basic research—positively affect...     

THE SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF POLICE MISCONDUCT*

The present study examined whether variations in social ecological conditions in New York City police precincts and divisions have predicted patterns of police misconduct from 1975 to 1996. The study included misconduct cases involving bribery, extortion, excessive force, and other abuses of police authority, as well as certain administrative rule violations. Using a longitudinal framework, the analyses found that dimensions of structural disadvantage and population mobility— drawn from the social disorganization literature—as well as changes in Latino population—drawn from the racial conflict perspective— explained changes in police misconduct over time. Further, most of the variations occurred within, as opposed to between, precincts and divisions over time, strengthening the case for a longitudinal examination.     

Informal Consequences of Budget Institutions in the US Congress

Though considerable research focuses on formal institutions in Congress, scholars have long acknowledged that much of what guides legislative behavior is unwritten. To advance this area, we leverage a tool that allows appropriators to redirect billions of dollars from mandatory programs to discretionary projects. Changes in mandatory program spending—known as “CHIMPs”—show that existing institutions are often maintained by the strategic action of legislators. In the case of CHIMPs, we find their use is largely a response to formal constraints and that they are preserved through avoidance of minimum reform coalitions. This highlights that the legislative process—and budgetary outcomes in particular—cannot be understood without attention to procedures which remain “off the books.”     

Bicameralism and Geographic Politics: Allocating Funds in the House and Senate

Because they represent different kinds of constituencies—states versus parts of states—senators and House members have different incentives in constructing federal distributive programs. In order to claim credit for providing particularized benefits, House members need to use policy tools—earmarks and narrow categorical programs—that target funds to their constituencies. Senators, by contrast, are able to claim credit for the large formula grants that distribute the bulk of intergovernmental grant money. Examining House‐Senate interactions in one of the largest distributive programs, federal aid to states for surface transportation, I show that the different bases of representation in the House and Senate structure the chambers' preferences on distributive programs and affect the outcomes of interchamber conflicts.     

Assessing Data Completeness,Quality, and Representativeness of Justifiable Homicides in the FBI’s Supplementary Homicide Reports: A Research Note

Journal of Quantitative Criminology - The most widely used data set for studying police homicides—the Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) kept by the Federal Bureau of Investigation—is...     

Stimulating academic patenting in a university ecosystem: an agent-based simulation approach

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Technology transfer to society is—in addition to research and teaching—widely acknowledged as a third mission of modern universities. Academic...